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<body class="h-entry informative"><div class="head">
<p class="logos"><a class="logo" href="https://www.w3.org/"><img crossorigin="" alt="W3C" height="48" src="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2021/logos/W3C" width="72">
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<h1 id="title" class="title">Collaboration Tools Accessibility User Requirements</h1>
<p id="w3c-state"><a href="https://www.w3.org/standards/types#ED">W3C Editor's Draft</a> <time class="dt-published" datetime="2025-01-08">08 January 2025</time></p>
<p id="w3c-state"><a href="https://www.w3.org/standards/types#ED">W3C Editor's Draft</a> <time class="dt-published" datetime="2025-01-14">14 January 2025</time></p>
<details open="">
<summary>More details about this document</summary>
<dl>
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</p><p>
This document is governed by the
<a id="w3c_process_revision" href="https://www.w3.org/policies/process/20231103/">03 November 2023 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Process Document</a>.
</p></section><nav id="toc"><h2 class="introductory" id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#abstract">Abstract</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#sotd">Status of This Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#intro"><bdi class="secno">1. </bdi>Introduction</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#collaboration-tools"><bdi class="secno">1.1 </bdi>What are collaboration tools?</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#distinctive-features"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Our Scope: Distinctive features of collaboration tools</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#need-definition"><bdi class="secno">1.3 </bdi>Defining User needs</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#collab-a11y"><bdi class="secno">1.4 </bdi>Collaboration tools and accessibility</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#social"><bdi class="secno">1.5 </bdi>Social Considerations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#scope"><bdi class="secno">1.6 </bdi>Scope and Applicability of this Document</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#synchronous"><bdi class="secno">2. </bdi>Real-Time co-editing</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#annotations"><bdi class="secno">3. </bdi>Annotations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#version-control-features"><bdi class="secno">4. </bdi>Version control features</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#version-control-changes"><bdi class="secno">4.1 </bdi>Suggested changes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#diff"><bdi class="secno">4.2 </bdi>Presenting Differences Between Revisions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#summation"><bdi class="secno">4.3 </bdi>Summarizations</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#notify"><bdi class="secno">5. </bdi>Notifications and Messages</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#access-control"><bdi class="secno">6. </bdi>Access Controls</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conventions"><bdi class="secno">7. </bdi>General Guidance on Implementing Accessibility Features of Collaborative Environments</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#acknowledgments"><bdi class="secno">A. </bdi>Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#references"><bdi class="secno">B. </bdi>References</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#informative-references"><bdi class="secno">B.1 </bdi>Informative references</a></li></ol></li></ol></nav>
</p></section><nav id="toc"><h2 class="introductory" id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#abstract">Abstract</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#sotd">Status of This Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#intro"><bdi class="secno">1. </bdi>Introduction</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#collaboration-tools"><bdi class="secno">1.1 </bdi>What are collaboration tools?</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#distinctive-features"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Our scope: distinctive features of collaboration tools</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#need-definition"><bdi class="secno">1.3 </bdi>Defining user needs</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#collab-a11y"><bdi class="secno">1.4 </bdi>Collaboration tools and accessibility</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#social"><bdi class="secno">1.5 </bdi>Social Considerations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#scope"><bdi class="secno">1.6 </bdi>Scope and applicability of this document</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#synchronous"><bdi class="secno">2. </bdi>Real-Time Co-editing</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#annotations"><bdi class="secno">3. </bdi>Annotations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#version-control-features"><bdi class="secno">4. </bdi>Version control features</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#version-control-changes"><bdi class="secno">4.1 </bdi>Suggested changes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#diff"><bdi class="secno">4.2 </bdi>Presenting differences between revisions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#summation"><bdi class="secno">4.3 </bdi>Summarizations</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#notify"><bdi class="secno">5. </bdi>Notifications and Messages</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#access-control"><bdi class="secno">6. </bdi>Access Controls</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conventions"><bdi class="secno">7. </bdi>General Guidance on Implementing Accessibility Features of Collaborative Environments</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#acknowledgments"><bdi class="secno">A. </bdi>Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#references"><bdi class="secno">B. </bdi>References</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#informative-references"><bdi class="secno">B.1 </bdi>Informative references</a></li></ol></li></ol></nav>

<section id="intro"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="x1-introduction"><bdi class="secno">1. </bdi>Introduction</h2><a class="self-link" href="#intro" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1."></a></div>

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<li>A midi or audio editing application that allows real-time synchronous audio content editing, or asynchronous content editing. Collaborators hear edited content on demand during a teleconference editing session or on content refresh when editing asynchronously.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="distinctive-features"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-2-our-scope-distinctive-features-of-collaboration-tools"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Our Scope: Distinctive features of collaboration tools</h3><a class="self-link" href="#distinctive-features" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.2"></a></div>
<section id="distinctive-features"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-2-our-scope-distinctive-features-of-collaboration-tools"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Our scope: distinctive features of collaboration tools</h3><a class="self-link" href="#distinctive-features" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.2"></a></div>

<p>This document focuses on features unique to collaboration tools, rather than features which they share with other Web applications. Most especially this document avoids discussion of features applicable to software in general. However, any software that provides one or more of the features enumerated here may benefit from the user needs and corresponding requirements elaborated in the sections that follow.</p>
<p>The distinctive capabilities of collaboration tools are illustrated by the examples described in the section: <a href="#collaboration-tools" class="sec-ref"><bdi class="secno">1.1 </bdi>What are collaboration tools?</a>. It is important to consider how these features are manifested in the tool's user interface. From this perspective, the distinguishing features may be described as follows.</p>
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users with cognitive and learning disabilities.</p>
</section>

<section id="need-definition"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-3-defining-user-needs"><bdi class="secno">1.3 </bdi>Defining User needs</h3><a class="self-link" href="#need-definition" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.3"></a></div>
<section id="need-definition"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-3-defining-user-needs"><bdi class="secno">1.3 </bdi>Defining user needs</h3><a class="self-link" href="#need-definition" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.3"></a></div>

<p>Specific user needs are frequently defined both by task required to achieve a particular goal and also by environmental conditions. Context matters. For example, the cognitive demands imposed by interacting with the collaboration-related features of an application depend not only on the needs and capabilities of the user, including the possible presence of assistive technology, but also on the context. A collaborative task that the user can perform independently while working alone in a distraction-free environment may quickly become cognitively burdensome when performed during a working teleconference session. Working with comments and suggested changes becomes more cognitively demanding when other authors are simultaneously editing the same content, and the user needs to be aware of their activities (e.g., to avoid introducing conflicting changes) while still performing the editing task. The use of different input types and methods, such as speech input or switch-based input, can significantly affect the amount of time required to enter and edit text, as well as the user's ability to respond to potentially disruptive changes introduced by collaborators.'</p>
</section>
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<p>Collaborative tools should support all identified accessibility features in order to provide comprehensive accessibility. However, it is unlikely all features will be needed by any individual collaborative team effort. We assume persons with disabilities are brought into collaborative teams because of the contributions they are expected to make in the project. Teams are encouraged to focus on accommodating the specific accessibility needs of participating team members in order to operate most efficiently and productively.</p>
</section>
<section id="scope"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-6-scope-and-applicability-of-this-document"><bdi class="secno">1.6 </bdi>Scope and Applicability of this Document</h3><a class="self-link" href="#scope" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.6"></a></div>
<section id="scope"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-6-scope-and-applicability-of-this-document"><bdi class="secno">1.6 </bdi>Scope and applicability of this document</h3><a class="self-link" href="#scope" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.6"></a></div>

<p>Accessibility-related guidance provided in this document is applicable to a wide variety of tools. No unnecessary restriction is placed on the types of Web-based software to which it may reasonably be applied.</p>
<p>If a tool implements one or more of the distinctive features described in section <a href="#distinctive-features" class="sec-ref"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Our Scope: Distinctive features of collaboration tools</a>, then the guidance in this document which addresses each such supported feature is relevant and applicable to the tool. Thus, the scope of the document includes any tool implemented using Web technologies that implements at least one of the distinctive features for which guidance is offered in the sections that follow.</p>
<p>If a tool implements one or more of the distinctive features described in section <a href="#distinctive-features" class="sec-ref"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Our scope: distinctive features of collaboration tools</a>, then the guidance in this document which addresses each such supported feature is relevant and applicable to the tool. Thus, the scope of the document includes any tool implemented using Web technologies that implements at least one of the distinctive features for which guidance is offered in the sections that follow.</p>
<p>For example, an annotation tool supporting the association of shared comments with selected text in Web pages would offer only a single feature described in this document. For this reason, only section <a href="#annotations" class="sec-ref"><bdi class="secno">3. </bdi>Annotations</a> would be relevant to the tool.</p>
</section>

</section>

<section id="synchronous"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="x2-real-time-co-editing"><bdi class="secno">2. </bdi>Real-Time co-editing</h2><a class="self-link" href="#synchronous" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2."></a></div>
<section id="synchronous"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="x2-real-time-co-editing"><bdi class="secno">2. </bdi>Real-Time Co-editing</h2><a class="self-link" href="#synchronous" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2."></a></div>

<ul>
<li><strong>User Need 1:</strong> Users need to be able to discover the presence of collaborators who are reading or editing the content.</li>
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<li><strong>REQ 12:</strong> Provide distinctions over and beyond just color to identify inserted and deleted text as required by WCAG 2.2 <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/use-of-color">Success Criterion 1.4.1: Use of Color</a>.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="diff"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x4-2-presenting-differences-between-revisions"><bdi class="secno">4.2 </bdi>Presenting Differences Between Revisions</h3><a class="self-link" href="#diff" aria-label="Permalink for Section 4.2"></a></div>
<section id="diff"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x4-2-presenting-differences-between-revisions"><bdi class="secno">4.2 </bdi>Presenting differences between revisions</h3><a class="self-link" href="#diff" aria-label="Permalink for Section 4.2"></a></div>

<ul>
<li><strong>User Need 13:</strong> Users need to be able to compare revisions in meaningful units (words, sentences, lines, blocks of code, a side-by-side presentation of two graphic renderings, etc.), according to the nature of the content, to maximize comprehension.</li>
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