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The Blockchain Bar

The source-code for: "Build a Blockchain from Scratch in Go" eBook.

📚 Get the eBook from: https://gumroad.com/l/build-a-blockchain-from-scratch-in-go

book cover

Table of Contents

TBB Training Ledger

Hi! 👋

My name is Lukas. Nice to meet you, and welcome to the peer-to-peer world.

Is blockchain just an over-engineered database and a monetary mess? No. Every blockchain component and its architecture design decision has a technical reason enabling the decentralized, open, verifiable, transparent vision of Web3.

I am working in Web3 full-time since 2018. Do you know what was my biggest struggle? Understanding HOW blockchains work internally and WHY do we need components like Transaction, Block, Mempool, Consensus, Sync and Wallet in the first place. Reading low-level technical Yellow Papers is a noble, but honestly, a difficult starting point. The goal of this book is to introduce software developers to blockchain via a story - follow how a software developer, who is looking to revolutionize his local bar, implements blockchain technology for its payment system.

Enjoy the eBook.

What will you build?

Chapter by chapter, you will build a full peer-to-peer, autonomous training blockchain system in Go and learn all standard blockchain components!

1) You will build a peer-to-peer system from scratch

You start with 0 lines of code and end-up with 16 branches and a completely executable blockchain node.

PS: Don't worry if anything on the screen makes sense yet, it will once you go chapter by chapter; release by release.

peer-to-peer blockchain system in action

2) You will secure the system with a day-to-day practical cryptography

No boring theory. Only modern practices.

elliptic curve cryptography

3) You will implement Bitcoin, Ethereum and XRP backend components

From diagrams of mining algorithms to actual, implemented and working crypto wallets for storing the mined tokens and all other fundamental components that make blockchain special.

decentralized consensus

4) You will write unit tests and integration tests for all core components

You will test your cryptographic functions, a Bitcoin's like Proof of Work mining algorithm and other key components.

ethereum signature

How to use this repository

Every eBook chapter has a dedicated branch where you can experiment with the code first-hand.

git pull --all
git branch

> c1_genesis_json
> c2_db_changes_txt
> c3_state_blockchain_component
> c4_caesar_transfer
> c5_broken_trust
> c6_immutable_hash
> c7_blockchain_programming_model
> c8_transparent_db
> c9_tango
> c10_peer_sync
> c11_consensus
> c12_crypto
> c13_training_network
> c14_why_transaction_costs_gas
> c15_blockchain_forks_what_why_how
> c16_blockchain_explorer

Installation

Open full instructions.

Getting started

  1. Buy the eBook from: https://gumroad.com/l/build-a-blockchain-from-scratch-in-go
  2. Open the book at Chapter 1
  3. Checkout the first chapter's branch c1_genesis_json
git pull --all

git checkout c1_genesis_json

Usage

Install

go install ./cmd/...

Install with Docker

Open Docker instructions.

CLI

Show available commands and flags

tbb help

tbb run --help

Launches the TBB node and its HTTP API.

Usage:
  tbb run [flags]

Flags:
      --bootstrap-account string   default bootstrap Web3Coach's Genesis account with 1M TBB tokens (default "0x09ee50f2f37fcba1845de6fe5c762e83e65e755c")
      --bootstrap-ip string        default bootstrap Web3Coach's server to interconnect peers (default "node.tbb.web3.coach")
      --bootstrap-port uint        default bootstrap Web3Coach's server port to interconnect peers (default 443)
      --datadir string             Absolute path to your node's data dir where the DB will be/is stored
      --disable-ssl                should the HTTP API SSL certificate be disabled? (default false)
  -h, --help                       help for run
      --ip string                  your node's public IP to communication with other peers (default "127.0.0.1")
      --miner string               your node's miner account to receive the block rewards (default "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
      --port uint                  your node's public HTTP port for communication with other peers (configurable if SSL is disabled) (default 443)

Create a blockchain wallet account

tbb wallet new-account --datadir=$HOME/.tbb

> Please enter a password to encrypt the new wallet:
> Password:

Run a TBB node connected to the official book's test network

tbb version
> Version: 1.9.2-alpha  TX Gas

tbb run --datadir=$HOME/.tbb --ip=127.0.0.1 --port=8081 --miner=0x_YOUR_WALLET_ACCOUNT --disable-ssl

Your blockchain database will synchronize with rest of the students:

Launching TBB node and its HTTP API...
Listening on: 127.0.0.1:8081
Blockchain state:
- height: 0
- hash: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Searching for new Peers and their Blocks and Peers: 'node.tbb.web3.coach:443'
Found 37 new blocks from Peer node.tbb.web3.coach:443
Importing blocks from Peer node.tbb.web3.coach:443...

Persisting new Block to disk:
{"hash":"000000a9d18730c133869d175a886d576df5675e0e73900bf072c59047b9d734","block":{"header":{"parent":"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000","number":0,"nonce":1925346453,"time":1590684713,"miner":"0x09ee50f2f37fcba1845de6fe5c762e83e65e755c"},"payload":[{"from":"0x09ee50f2f37fcba1845de6fe5c762e83e65e755c","to":"0x22ba1f80452e6220c7cc6ea2d1e3eeddac5f694a","value":5,"nonce":1,"data":"","time":1590684702,"signature":"0JE1yEoA3gwIiTj5ayanUZfo5ZnN7kHIRQPOw8/OZIRYWjbvbMA7vWdPgoqxnhFGiTH7FIbjCQJ25fQlvMvmPwA="}]}}

Persisting new Block to disk:
{"hash":"0000004d3faa1f7b8802aa809c8b77253859846602de3402a1bc67a0026cd94d","block":{"header":{"parent":"000000a9d18730c133869d175a886d576df5675e0e73900bf072c59047b9d734","number":1,"nonce":1331825342,"time":1592320406,"miner":"0x09ee50f2f37fcba1845de6fe5c762e83e65e755c"},"payload":[{"from":"0x09ee50f2f37fcba1845de6fe5c762e83e65e755c","to":"0x596b0709ed646e3e76b6c1fd58297b145b68387c","value":1000,"nonce":2,"data":"","time":1592320398,"signature":"1JIi9sYEZ+9RBG7IwACmm9vC4D7QVXqvBH1Es7cmeCJljTknVM80AzrhoLAW9RwCguunRO0qpN4JJ287VLFNfAE="}]}}
...

Or run a TBB bootstrap node in isolation (only on your machine)

tbb run --datadir=$HOME/.tbb_boostrap --ip=127.0.0.1 --port=8080 --bootstrap-ip=127.0.0.1 --bootstrap-port=8080 --disable-ssl

Test Network

You can also set up a server and be part of TBB blockchain network validating other student's transactions. Here is an example how the official TBB bootstrap node is launched. Customize the --datadir, --miner, and --ip values to match your server.

/usr/local/bin/tbb run --datadir=/home/ec2-user/.tbb --miner=0x09ee50f2f37fcba1845de6fe5c762e83e65e755c --ip=node.tbb.web3.coach --port=443 [email protected] --bootstrap-ip=node.tbb.web3.coach --bootstrap-port=443 --bootstrap-account=0x09ee50f2f37fcba1845de6fe5c762e83e65e755c

Tests

Run all tests with verbosity but one at a time, without timeout, to avoid ports collisions:

go test -v -p=1 -timeout=0 ./...

Run an individual test:

go test -timeout=0 ./node -test.v -test.run ^TestNode_Mining$

Note: Majority are integration tests and take time. Expect the test suite to finish in ~30 mins.

Start

Tutorial

📚 Get the eBook from: https://gumroad.com/l/build-a-blockchain-from-scratch-in-go

Finish

Request 1000 TBB testing tokens

Write a tweet and let me know how did you like this book! Tag me in it @Web3Coach and include your account address 0xYOUR_ADDRESS. I will send you 1000 testing TBB tokens.

See you on Twitter - @Web3Coach.

Or LinkedIn - LukasLukac

Disclaimer

The Blockchain Bar repository, the tbb binary and Build a Blockchain from Scratch in Go eBook is for learning, educational purposes. The codebase is NOT ready for production. The components are purposefully simplified to don't overwhelm new blockchain students, but complex enough to teach you how blockchains work under the hood.

License

The Blockchain Bar library (i.e. all code outside of the cmd directory) is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0, also included in our repository in the COPYING.LESSER file.

The Blockchain Bar binaries (i.e. all code inside of the cmd directory) is licensed under the GNU General Public License v3.0, also included in our repository in the COPYING file.