From ef0c93f8ead2fcdafee1503b9dbafb6502bcb14d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Thu, 24 Oct 2024 15:40:56 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 01/10] Add a further explaination on `ltr` and `rtl` (based on
ePub).
Suggested by w3c/rdf-turtle#75.
---
spec/index.html | 6 ++++++
1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index e1112e2..e06749a 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -759,6 +759,12 @@ <h2>Literals</h2>
The third element, the language tag, is treated identically as in a <a>language-tagged string</a>,
and the fourth element, <a>base direction</a>, MUST be either `ltr` or `rtl`, which MUST be in lower case.</p>
+ <p>The meanings of the <a>base direction</a> values are:</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>`ltr`: indicates that the textual value is explicitly directionally set to left-to-right text.</li>
+ <li>`rtl`: indicates that the textual value is explicitly directionally set to right-to-left text.</li>
+ </ul>
+
<p>Please note that concrete syntaxes MAY support
<dfn data-lt="simple literal" class="export">simple literals</dfn> consisting of only a
<a>lexical form</a> without any <a>datatype IRI</a>, <a>language tag</a>, or <a>base direction</a>.
From d9980e0381b2d106e44b18dd68721e5f1a373929 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Fri, 25 Oct 2024 11:35:33 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 02/10] Change description for `ltr` and `rtl`.
Co-authored-by: Andy Seaborne <andy@apache.org>
---
spec/index.html | 4 ++--
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index e06749a..6c5e190 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -761,8 +761,8 @@ <h2>Literals</h2>
<p>The meanings of the <a>base direction</a> values are:</p>
<ul>
- <li>`ltr`: indicates that the textual value is explicitly directionally set to left-to-right text.</li>
- <li>`rtl`: indicates that the textual value is explicitly directionally set to right-to-left text.</li>
+ <li>`ltr`: indicates that the initial text direction is set to left-to-right text.</li>
+ <li>`rtl`: indicates that the initial text direction is set to right-to-left text.</li>
</ul>
<p>Please note that concrete syntaxes MAY support
From 93e44b55207e78d79c26204890629b6cc13c4878 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Fri, 25 Oct 2024 12:56:48 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 03/10] Add example of displaying right-to-left text in its
natural order vs the way it is stored in memory.
---
spec/index.html | 6 ++++++
1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index 6c5e190..1bb63d7 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -857,6 +857,12 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
HTML's `dir` attribute) it can then be correctly presented as:
</p>
<div lang="he" dir="rtl">פעילות הבינאום, W3C</div>
+
+ <p>In the absense of an explicit initial text direction, the [[?UAX9]] algorithm
+ can detect text direction from the initial character.
+ For example "<bdi lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdi> - 1st place" displays the
+ aarabic characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
+ they would be stored as "<bdo lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdo> - 1st place"</p>
</section>
</section>
From 0bd3b8b77cdf1e818b2b91f8d83eda034136414c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Fri, 25 Oct 2024 13:09:51 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 04/10] Fix markup errors.
---
spec/index.html | 19 ++++++++++---------
1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index 1bb63d7..b9751e5 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -812,14 +812,15 @@ <h2>Literals</h2>
<p><dfn data-local-lt="term-equal">Literal term equality</dfn>:
Two literals are term-equal (the same <a>RDF literal</a>)
- if and only if:
- <ul>
- <li>the two <a>lexical forms</a> compare equal</li>
- <li>the two <a>datatype IRIs</a> compare equal</li>
- <li>the two <a>language tags</a> (if any) compare equal</li>
- <li>the two <a>base directions</a> (if any) compare equal</li>
- </ul>
- Comparison is performed using
+ if and only if:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>the two <a>lexical forms</a> compare equal</li>
+ <li>the two <a>datatype IRIs</a> compare equal</li>
+ <li>the two <a>language tags</a> (if any) compare equal</li>
+ <li>the two <a>base directions</a> (if any) compare equal</li>
+ </ul>
+ <p>Comparison is performed using
<a data-cite="I18N-GLOSSARY#dfn-case-sensitive">case sensitive matching</a>
(see description of string comparison in
<a href="#rdf-strings" class="sectionRef"></a>)
@@ -862,7 +863,7 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
can detect text direction from the initial character.
For example "<bdi lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdi> - 1st place" displays the
aarabic characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
- they would be stored as "<bdo lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdo> - 1st place"</p>
+ they would be stored as "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdo> - 1st place"</p>
</section>
</section>
From ecf192f3201b95de631828b234983643da729aaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Fri, 25 Oct 2024 15:50:06 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 05/10] Apply suggestions from code review
---
spec/index.html | 4 ++--
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index b9751e5..a36527f 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -859,10 +859,10 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
</p>
<div lang="he" dir="rtl">פעילות הבינאום, W3C</div>
- <p>In the absense of an explicit initial text direction, the [[?UAX9]] algorithm
+ <p>In the absence of an explicit initial text direction, the [[?UAX9]] algorithm
can detect text direction from the initial character.
For example "<bdi lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdi> - 1st place" displays the
- aarabic characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
+ Arabic characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
they would be stored as "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdo> - 1st place"</p>
</section>
</section>
From 69102f3208495b6b319de398ce5c2c89e54daf71 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Mon, 28 Oct 2024 16:25:46 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 06/10] Update I18N description of implicit initial text
direction
Co-authored-by: Addison Phillips <addisonI18N@gmail.com>
---
spec/index.html | 8 ++++++--
1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index a36527f..58fda1d 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -859,8 +859,12 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
</p>
<div lang="he" dir="rtl">פעילות הבינאום, W3C</div>
- <p>In the absence of an explicit initial text direction, the [[?UAX9]] algorithm
- can detect text direction from the initial character.
+ <p>In the absence of an explicit initial text direction,
+ the [=Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm=] detects the text direction from the content.
+ This depends on the first strongly directional character in the text
+ or on the context.
+ Users need to provide [=bidi isolation=] whenever text is inserted into a larger document
+ in order to avoid [=spillover effects=].
For example "<bdi lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdi> - 1st place" displays the
Arabic characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
they would be stored as "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdo> - 1st place"</p>
From 42eff58e897b641e242a0ff1c17e763bdfc29be7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Mon, 28 Oct 2024 16:28:04 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 07/10] Tweak language on left-to-right/right-to-left.
Co-authored-by: Addison Phillips <addisonI18N@gmail.com>
---
spec/index.html | 4 ++--
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index 58fda1d..f048ce1 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -761,8 +761,8 @@ <h2>Literals</h2>
<p>The meanings of the <a>base direction</a> values are:</p>
<ul>
- <li>`ltr`: indicates that the initial text direction is set to left-to-right text.</li>
- <li>`rtl`: indicates that the initial text direction is set to right-to-left text.</li>
+ <li>`ltr`: indicates that the initial text direction is set to left-to-right.</li>
+ <li>`rtl`: indicates that the initial text direction is set to right-to-left.</li>
</ul>
<p>Please note that concrete syntaxes MAY support
From e4a51e762278f1644cd3d4a56f531c0b1e735807 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Mon, 28 Oct 2024 16:21:35 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 08/10] Use I18N-Glossary instead of UAX9 and UAX15 references.
---
spec/index.html | 17 ++++++++---------
1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index f048ce1..0443c06 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -707,8 +707,7 @@ <h3>IRIs</h3>
“<code>%3f</code>”)</li>
<li>Punycode-encoding of Internationalized Domain Names
in IRIs [[RFC3492]]</li>
- <li>IRIs that are not in Unicode
- <a class="lint-ignore">Normalization Form C</a> [[UAX15]]</li>
+ <li>IRIs that are not in Unicode [=Normalization Form C=] [[I18N-Glossary]]</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
@@ -846,7 +845,7 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
<p>The <a>base direction</a> of a <a>directional language-tagged string</a>
provides a means of establishing the initial direction of text,
including text which is a mixture of right-to-left and left-to-right scripts.
- The [[[?UAX9]]] [[?UAX9]] provides support for automatically rendering
+ The [=Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm=] [[?I18N-Glossary]] provides support for automatically rendering
a sequence of characters in logical order,
so that they are visually ordered as expected,
but this is not sufficient to correctly render bidirectional text.</p>
@@ -860,11 +859,11 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
<div lang="he" dir="rtl">פעילות הבינאום, W3C</div>
<p>In the absence of an explicit initial text direction,
- the [=Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm=] detects the text direction from the content.
- This depends on the first strongly directional character in the text
- or on the context.
- Users need to provide [=bidi isolation=] whenever text is inserted into a larger document
- in order to avoid [=spillover effects=].
+ the [=Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm=] detects the text direction from the content.
+ This depends on the first strongly directional character in the text
+ or on the context.
+ Users need to provide [=bidi isolation=] whenever text is inserted into a larger document
+ in order to avoid [=spillover effects=].
For example "<bdi lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdi> - 1st place" displays the
Arabic characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
they would be stored as "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdo> - 1st place"</p>
@@ -1704,7 +1703,7 @@ <h2>Security Considerations</h2>
<section id="internationalization" class="appendix informative">
<h2>Internationalization Considerations</h2>
<p>Unicode [[UNICODE]] provides a mechanism for signaling direction within a string
- (see [[[UAX9]]] [[UAX9]]).
+ (see [=Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm=] [[I18N-Glossary]]).
RDF provides a mechanism for specifying the <a>base direction</a>
of a <a>directional language-tagged string</a>
to signal the initial text direction of a string.
From 4a2d2afe53c6fcde4058cb92c47e7f783fb31f9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Mon, 28 Oct 2024 16:45:12 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 09/10] Update Arabic exammple to Hebrew.
---
spec/index.html | 6 +++---
1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index 0443c06..d96ebef 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -864,9 +864,9 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
or on the context.
Users need to provide [=bidi isolation=] whenever text is inserted into a larger document
in order to avoid [=spillover effects=].
- For example "<bdi lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdi> - 1st place" displays the
- Arabic characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
- they would be stored as "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="ar">اَلأَعْشَى</bdo> - 1st place"</p>
+ For example "<bdi lang="he">ספרים בינלאומיים!</bdi>" displays the
+ Hebrew characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
+ they would be stored as "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="he">ספרים בינלאומיים!</bdo>"</p>
</section>
</section>
From 038ffc5b5a56a8d0db8c9f05bb15edd09a1cd737 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gregg Kellogg <gregg@greggkellogg.net>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 09:17:49 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 10/10] bidi isolation
Co-authored-by: Ted Thibodeau Jr <tthibodeau@openlinksw.com>
---
spec/index.html | 13 ++++++++-----
1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
diff --git a/spec/index.html b/spec/index.html
index d96ebef..63b7b46 100644
--- a/spec/index.html
+++ b/spec/index.html
@@ -862,11 +862,14 @@ <h3>Initial Text Direction</h3>
the [=Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm=] detects the text direction from the content.
This depends on the first strongly directional character in the text
or on the context.
- Users need to provide [=bidi isolation=] whenever text is inserted into a larger document
- in order to avoid [=spillover effects=].
- For example "<bdi lang="he">ספרים בינלאומיים!</bdi>" displays the
- Hebrew characters in a right-to-left fashion, while in memory
- they would be stored as "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="he">ספרים בינלאומיים!</bdo>"</p>
+ To avoid [=spillover effects=], users need to employ [=bidi isolation=]
+ whenever text is inserted into a larger document.
+ For example,
+ "<code><bdi lang="he">ספרים בינלאומיים!</bdi></code>"
+ displays the Hebrew characters in a right-to-left fashion
+ — i.e., as "<bdi lang="he">ספרים בינלאומיים!</bdi>"
+ — while they would be stored in memory as
+ "<bdo dir="ltr" lang="he">ספרים בינלאומיים!</bdo>"</p>
</section>
</section>