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07-certifcate-transparency.md

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Certificate transparency log

We will now install the Certificate transparency log (CTL).

CTL requires running instances of trillian's log server and signer

Let's start by logging in:

gcloud compute ssh sigstore-ctl

Dependencies

sudo apt-get update -y

If you want to save up some time, remove man-db first

sudo apt-get remove -y --purge man-db
sudo apt-get install mariadb-server git wget -y

Install latest golang compiler

Follow the Download and install steps to install Go (system package are often older than what Trillian requires)

Database

Trillian requires a database, let's first run mysql_secure_installation

sudo mysql_secure_installation

The script is interactive. The following snippet captures the answers to the script's prompts:

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

We can now import the database as we used for rekor

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sigstore/rekor/main/scripts/createdb.sh
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sigstore/rekor/main/scripts/storage.sql
chmod +x createdb.sh
sudo ./createdb.sh

E.g.

sudo ./createdb.sh
Creating test database and test user account
Loading table data..

Install trillian components

go install github.com/google/trillian/cmd/[email protected]
sudo cp ~/go/bin/trillian_log_server /usr/local/bin/
go install github.com/google/trillian/cmd/[email protected]
sudo cp ~/go/bin/trillian_log_signer /usr/local/bin/
go install github.com/google/trillian/cmd/[email protected]
sudo cp ~/go/bin/createtree /usr/local/bin/

Run trillian

The following is best run in two terminals which are then left open (this helps for debugging)

trillian_log_server -http_endpoint=localhost:8090 -rpc_endpoint=localhost:8091 --logtostderr ...
trillian_log_signer --logtostderr --force_master --http_endpoint=localhost:8190 -rpc_endpoint=localhost:8191  --batch_size=1000 --sequencer_guard_window=0 --sequencer_interval=200ms

Alternatively, create bare minimal systemd services

sudo bash -c 'cat << EOF > /etc/systemd/system/trillian_log_server.service
[Unit]
Description=trillian_log_server
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
StartLimitIntervalSec=600
StartLimitBurst=5

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/trillian_log_server -http_endpoint=localhost:8090 -rpc_endpoint=localhost:8091 --logtostderr ...
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF'
sudo bash -c 'cat << EOF > /etc/systemd/system/trillian_log_signer.service
[Unit]
Description=trillian_log_signer
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
StartLimitIntervalSec=600
StartLimitBurst=5

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/trillian_log_signer --logtostderr --force_master --http_endpoint=localhost:8190 -rpc_endpoint=localhost:8191  --batch_size=1000 --sequencer_guard_window=0 --sequencer_interval=200ms
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF'

Enable systemd services

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable trillian_log_server.service
sudo systemctl start trillian_log_server.service
sudo systemctl status trillian_log_server.service
sudo systemctl enable trillian_log_signer.service
sudo systemctl start trillian_log_signer.service
sudo systemctl status trillian_log_signer.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/trillian_log_server.service → /etc/systemd/system/trillian_log_server.service.
● trillian_log_server.service - trillian_log_server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/trillian_log_server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-09-30 17:41:49 UTC; 8s ago
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/trillian_log_signer.service → /etc/systemd/system/trillian_log_signer.service.
● trillian_log_signer.service - trillian_log_signer
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/trillian_log_signer.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-09-30 17:42:05 UTC; 12s ago

Install CTFE server

go install github.com/google/certificate-transparency-go/trillian/ctfe/ct_server@latest
sudo cp ~/go/bin/ct_server /usr/local/bin/

Create a private key

Warning The following section dumps out keys into the home directory. This is only recommended if you do not greatly care about the security of this machine If you do care, place them into a more secure location and chmod to a secure level of file permissions.

Create a key pair with the following command:

openssl ecparam -genkey -name prime256v1 -noout -out unenc.key
openssl ec -in unenc.key -out privkey.pem -des3

Extract the public key from the key-pair:

openssl ec -in privkey.pem -pubout -out ctfe_public.pem

Feel free to remove the unencrypted key:

rm unenc.key

Note The private key needs a passphrase, remember it as you will need it for your_passphrase when we create the ct.cfg further down.

Note You will need the ctfe_public.pem file for the TUF root of cosign, with the sign-container section towards the end

Create a Tree ID

Note trillian_log_server needs to be running for this command to execute

LOG_ID="$(createtree --admin_server localhost:8091)"

Set up the config file

cat > ct.cfg <<EOF
config {
  log_id: ${LOG_ID}
  prefix: "sigstore"
  roots_pem_file: "/etc/ctfe-config/fulcio-root.pem"
  private_key: {
    [type.googleapis.com/keyspb.PEMKeyFile] {
       path: "/etc/ctfe-config/privkey.pem"
       password: "your_passphrase"
    }
  }
}
EOF

Afterwards, open the file again and change <your_passphrase> to the one you used when generating the private key.

Note fulcio-root.pem is the root ID certificate, we created in 06-fulcio.

sudo mkdir -p /etc/ctfe-config/
sudo cp ct.cfg /etc/ctfe-config/
sudo cp fulcio-root.pem /etc/ctfe-config/
sudo cp privkey.pem /etc/ctfe-config/

Start the CT log

ct_server -logtostderr -log_config /etc/ctfe-config/ct.cfg -log_rpc_server localhost:8091 -http_endpoint 0.0.0.0:6105

📝 The -http_endpoint flag uses the internal private IP. We don't need this facing externally (for this tutorial at least)

You may create a bare minimal systemd service

sudo bash -c 'cat << EOF > /etc/systemd/system/ct_server.service
[Unit]
Description=ct_server
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
StartLimitIntervalSec=600
StartLimitBurst=5

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/ct_server -logtostderr -log_config /etc/ctfe-config/ct.cfg -log_rpc_server localhost:8091 -http_endpoint 0.0.0.0:6105
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF'
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable ct_server.service
sudo systemctl start ct_server.service
sudo systemctl status ct_server.service