3.2.po

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# Copyright (C) 2001-2025, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
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# Translators:
# tomo, 2021
# Tetsuo Koyama <tkoyama010@gmail.com>, 2021
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.13\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-02-07 14:17+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-06-29 13:04+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Tetsuo Koyama <tkoyama010@gmail.com>, 2021\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/"
"ja/)\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Language: ja\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:3
msgid "What's New In Python 3.2"
msgstr "What's New In Python 3.2"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:0
msgid "Author"
msgstr "著者"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:5
msgid "Raymond Hettinger"
msgstr "Raymond Hettinger"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:51
msgid ""
"This article explains the new features in Python 3.2 as compared to 3.1. "
"Python 3.2 was released on February 20, 2011. It focuses on a few highlights "
"and gives a few examples.  For full details, see the `Misc/NEWS <https://"
"github.com/python/cpython/blob/076ca6c3c8df3030307e548d9be792ce3c1c6eea/Misc/"
"NEWS>`__ file."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:60
msgid ":pep:`392` - Python 3.2 Release Schedule"
msgstr ":pep:`392` - Python 3.2 リリーススケジュール"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:64
msgid "PEP 384: Defining a Stable ABI"
msgstr "PEP 384: 安定 ABI の定義"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:66
msgid ""
"In the past, extension modules built for one Python version were often not "
"usable with other Python versions. Particularly on Windows, every feature "
"release of Python required rebuilding all extension modules that one wanted "
"to use. This requirement was the result of the free access to Python "
"interpreter internals that extension modules could use."
msgstr ""
"かつて、ある Python バージョンでビルドされた拡張モジュールは、ほかの Python "
"バージョンでは使えないことがありました。特に Windows では、全ての Python 公式"
"リリースごとに、使いたい全ての拡張モジュールを再ビルドする必要がありました。"
"これは、拡張モジュールが Python インタプリタの内部実装に自由にアクセス出来た"
"ことからの結果でした。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:72
msgid ""
"With Python 3.2, an alternative approach becomes available: extension "
"modules which restrict themselves to a limited API (by defining "
"Py_LIMITED_API) cannot use many of the internals, but are constrained to a "
"set of API functions that are promised to be stable for several releases. As "
"a consequence, extension modules built for 3.2 in that mode will also work "
"with 3.3, 3.4, and so on. Extension modules that make use of details of "
"memory structures can still be built, but will need to be recompiled for "
"every feature release."
msgstr ""
"Python 3.2 より、このことに関する別のアプローチが利用可能になりました。(:c:"
"macro:`Py_LIMITED_API` を定義することで) 制限された API のみ使うようにする拡"
"張モジュールは、数多くの内部実装を利用出来ない代わりに将来のいくつものリリー"
"スで安定であることを約束された API 集合だけ使うことになります。結果として、こ"
"のモードで 3.2 のためにビルドされた拡張モジュールは 3.3、3.4、…でも動作するで"
"しょう。なお、メモリ構造の詳細を曝すような拡張モジュールでは、相変わらず全て"
"の Python 公式リリースごとに再ビルドする必要があるでしょう。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:83
msgid ":pep:`384` - Defining a Stable ABI"
msgstr ":pep:`384` - 安定 ABI の定義"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:84
msgid "PEP written by Martin von Löwis."
msgstr "PEP written by Martin von Löwis."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:88
msgid "PEP 389: Argparse Command Line Parsing Module"
msgstr "PEP 389: argparse コマンドライン解析モジュール"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:90
msgid ""
"A new module for command line parsing, :mod:`argparse`, was introduced to "
"overcome the limitations of :mod:`optparse` which did not provide support "
"for positional arguments (not just options), subcommands, required options "
"and other common patterns of specifying and validating options."
msgstr ""
"コマンドライン解析のために、新たに :mod:`argparse` モジュールが :mod:"
"`optparse` の制限を克服するものとして導入されました。optparse には (オプショ"
"ンだけでなく) 位置引数のサポートはなく、サブコマンドも作れず、必須のオプショ"
"ンやその他オプション指定と検証に共通するパターンについてのサポートもありませ"
"んでした。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:95
msgid ""
"This module has already had widespread success in the community as a third-"
"party module.  Being more fully featured than its predecessor, the :mod:"
"`argparse` module is now the preferred module for command-line processing. "
"The older module is still being kept available because of the substantial "
"amount of legacy code that depends on it."
msgstr ""
"このモジュールはコミュニティにおいて既に広く行き渡っていたサードパーティのモ"
"ジュールでした。その先駆者たちよりももっと完全な機能性を持ったことで、 :mod:"
"`argparse` モジュールは今ではコマンドライン解析での推奨モジュールとなりまし"
"た。古いモジュールは、それに依存しているレガシーなコードが大量にあるため、今"
"後も利用可能なまま保たれます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:101
msgid ""
"Here's an annotated example parser showing features like limiting results to "
"a set of choices, specifying a *metavar* in the help screen, validating that "
"one or more positional arguments is present, and making a required option::"
msgstr ""
"以下に注釈付きで示したパーサは、有限個の選択肢から選ばせ、 *metavar* でヘルプ"
"表示を指定し、一つ以上の位置引数があるかを検証し、必須オプションを設けている"
"実例になっています::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:105
msgid ""
"import argparse\n"
"parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(\n"
"            description = 'Manage servers',         # main description for "
"help\n"
"            epilog = 'Tested on Solaris and Linux') # displayed after help\n"
"parser.add_argument('action',                       # argument name\n"
"            choices = ['deploy', 'start', 'stop'],  # three allowed values\n"
"            help = 'action on each target')         # help msg\n"
"parser.add_argument('targets',\n"
"            metavar = 'HOSTNAME',                   # var name used in help "
"msg\n"
"            nargs = '+',                            # require one or more "
"targets\n"
"            help = 'url for target machines')       # help msg explanation\n"
"parser.add_argument('-u', '--user',                 # -u or --user option\n"
"            required = True,                        # make it a required "
"argument\n"
"            help = 'login as user')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:120
msgid "Example of calling the parser on a command string::"
msgstr "コマンド文字列とともにこのパーサを呼び出してみます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:122
msgid ""
">>> cmd = 'deploy sneezy.example.com sleepy.example.com -u skycaptain'\n"
">>> result = parser.parse_args(cmd.split())\n"
">>> result.action\n"
"'deploy'\n"
">>> result.targets\n"
"['sneezy.example.com', 'sleepy.example.com']\n"
">>> result.user\n"
"'skycaptain'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:131
msgid "Example of the parser's automatically generated help::"
msgstr "このパーサが自動的に作り出したヘルプはこのようになります::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:133
msgid ""
">>> parser.parse_args('-h'.split())\n"
"\n"
"usage: manage_cloud.py [-h] -u USER\n"
"                       {deploy,start,stop} HOSTNAME [HOSTNAME ...]\n"
"\n"
"Manage servers\n"
"\n"
"positional arguments:\n"
"  {deploy,start,stop}   action on each target\n"
"  HOSTNAME              url for target machines\n"
"\n"
"optional arguments:\n"
"  -h, --help            show this help message and exit\n"
"  -u USER, --user USER  login as user\n"
"\n"
"Tested on Solaris and Linux"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:150
msgid ""
"An especially nice :mod:`argparse` feature is the ability to define "
"subparsers, each with their own argument patterns and help displays::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`argparse` 機能でとりわけ素晴らしいのはサブパーサを定義出来ることです。"
"それらはそれぞれ自身固有の引数パターンを持ち、ヘルプ表示をします::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:153
msgid ""
"import argparse\n"
"parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog='HELM')\n"
"subparsers = parser.add_subparsers()\n"
"\n"
"parser_l = subparsers.add_parser('launch', help='Launch Control')   # first "
"subgroup\n"
"parser_l.add_argument('-m', '--missiles', action='store_true')\n"
"parser_l.add_argument('-t', '--torpedos', action='store_true')\n"
"\n"
"parser_m = subparsers.add_parser('move', help='Move Vessel',        # second "
"subgroup\n"
"                                 aliases=('steer', 'turn'))         # "
"equivalent names\n"
"parser_m.add_argument('-c', '--course', type=int, required=True)\n"
"parser_m.add_argument('-s', '--speed', type=int, default=0)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:166
msgid ""
"$ ./helm.py --help                         # top level help (launch and "
"move)\n"
"$ ./helm.py launch --help                  # help for launch options\n"
"$ ./helm.py launch --missiles              # set missiles=True and "
"torpedos=False\n"
"$ ./helm.py steer --course 180 --speed 5   # set movement parameters"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:175
msgid ":pep:`389` - New Command Line Parsing Module"
msgstr ":pep:`389` - 新しいコマンドライン解析モジュール"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:176
msgid "PEP written by Steven Bethard."
msgstr "PEP written by Steven Bethard."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:178
msgid ""
":ref:`upgrading-optparse-code` for details on the differences from :mod:"
"`optparse`."
msgstr ""
":ref:`upgrading-optparse-code` に :mod:`optparse` との違いが詳しく書かれてい"
"ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:182
msgid "PEP 391:  Dictionary Based Configuration for Logging"
msgstr "PEP 391:  logging の辞書ベースの設定"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:184
msgid ""
"The :mod:`logging` module provided two kinds of configuration, one style "
"with function calls for each option or another style driven by an external "
"file saved in a :mod:`configparser` format.  Those options did not provide "
"the flexibility to create configurations from JSON or YAML files, nor did "
"they support incremental configuration, which is needed for specifying "
"logger options from a command line."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:191
msgid ""
"To support a more flexible style, the module now offers :func:`logging."
"config.dictConfig` for specifying logging configuration with plain Python "
"dictionaries.  The configuration options include formatters, handlers, "
"filters, and loggers.  Here's a working example of a configuration "
"dictionary::"
msgstr ""
"もっと柔軟な設定をサポートするために、新たに :func:`logging.config."
"dictConfig` が追加されました。これはロギングの設定を通常の Python 辞書で指定"
"します。設定オプションにはフォーマッタ、ハンドラ、フィルタ、そしてロガーが含"
"まれます。以下は設定辞書の動作する実例です::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:197
msgid ""
"{\"version\": 1,\n"
" \"formatters\": {\"brief\": {\"format\": \"%(levelname)-8s: %(name)-15s: "
"%(message)s\"},\n"
"                \"full\": {\"format\": \"%(asctime)s %(name)-15s "
"%(levelname)-8s %(message)s\"}\n"
"                },\n"
" \"handlers\": {\"console\": {\n"
"                   \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"
"                   \"formatter\": \"brief\",\n"
"                   \"level\": \"INFO\",\n"
"                   \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stdout\"},\n"
"              \"console_priority\": {\n"
"                   \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"
"                   \"formatter\": \"full\",\n"
"                   \"level\": \"ERROR\",\n"
"                   \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stderr\"}\n"
"              },\n"
" \"root\": {\"level\": \"DEBUG\", \"handlers\": [\"console\", "
"\"console_priority\"]}}"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:215
msgid ""
"If that dictionary is stored in a file called :file:`conf.json`, it can be "
"loaded and called with code like this::"
msgstr ""
"その辞書が :file:`conf.json` ファイルに格納されているのであれば、コードからこ"
"のように呼び出してロード出来ます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:218
msgid ""
">>> import json, logging.config\n"
">>> with open('conf.json') as f:\n"
"...     conf = json.load(f)\n"
"...\n"
">>> logging.config.dictConfig(conf)\n"
">>> logging.info(\"Transaction completed normally\")\n"
"INFO    : root           : Transaction completed normally\n"
">>> logging.critical(\"Abnormal termination\")\n"
"2011-02-17 11:14:36,694 root            CRITICAL Abnormal termination"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:230
msgid ":pep:`391` - Dictionary Based Configuration for Logging"
msgstr ":pep:`391` - logging の辞書ベースの設定"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:231
msgid "PEP written by Vinay Sajip."
msgstr "PEP written by Vinay Sajip."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:235
msgid "PEP 3148:  The ``concurrent.futures`` module"
msgstr "PEP 3148:  ``concurrent.futures`` モジュール"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:237
msgid ""
"Code for creating and managing concurrency is being collected in a new top-"
"level namespace, *concurrent*.  Its first member is a *futures* package "
"which provides a uniform high-level interface for managing threads and "
"processes."
msgstr ""
"同時並行性 (concurrency) を生成・管理するコードはトップレベルの新しい名前空"
"間 *concurrent* に集められることになりました。その最初のメンバーが *futures* "
"パッケージです。これはスレッドとプロセス管理の統一的な高水準インターフェイス"
"を提供します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:241
msgid ""
"The design for :mod:`concurrent.futures` was inspired by the *java.util."
"concurrent* package.  In that model, a running call and its result are "
"represented by a :class:`~concurrent.futures.Future` object that abstracts "
"features common to threads, processes, and remote procedure calls.  That "
"object supports status checks (running or done), timeouts, cancellations, "
"adding callbacks, and access to results or exceptions."
msgstr ""
":mod:`concurrent.futures` の設計は Java の *java.util.concurrent* パッケージ"
"に触発されました。そのモデルでは、実行する呼び出しとその結果は :class:"
"`~concurrent.futures.Future` オブジェクトで表現され、これはスレッド、プロセ"
"ス、遠隔手続呼び出しの共通的な側面を抽象化しています。そのオブジェクトはス"
"テータスのチェック (実行中あるいは完了かどうか)、タイムアウト、キャンセル、"
"コールバックの追加、そして結果や例外へのアクセスをサポートします。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:248
msgid ""
"The primary offering of the new module is a pair of executor classes for "
"launching and managing calls.  The goal of the executors is to make it "
"easier to use existing tools for making parallel calls. They save the effort "
"needed to setup a pool of resources, launch the calls, create a results "
"queue, add time-out handling, and limit the total number of threads, "
"processes, or remote procedure calls."
msgstr ""
"この新モジュールで提供される最も基本となるのが、呼び出しの実行と管理のための "
"2 つの executor クラスです。これら executor の目標は、これまでにもあった道具"
"立てでの並列呼び出しを、もっと簡単にすることです。リソースプールをお膳立てし"
"たり呼び出しを実行したり、結果のキューを作ったり、あるいはタイムアウトのハン"
"ドラを追加したり、スレッドやプロセスや遠隔手続呼び出しの総数を制限したり、と"
"いったことを、これらを使えば、その労力を小さく出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:255
msgid ""
"Ideally, each application should share a single executor across multiple "
"components so that process and thread limits can be centrally managed.  This "
"solves the design challenge that arises when each component has its own "
"competing strategy for resource management."
msgstr ""
"理想的にはそれぞれのアプリケーションは、プロセスとスレッドの制限が確実に管理"
"されるように、複数コンポーネントをまたがって単一の executor を共有すべきで"
"す。そうしておけば、個々のコンポーネントがリソース管理についての競合する戦略"
"を持つ場合に起こる設計の難題は解決出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:260
msgid ""
"Both classes share a common interface with three methods: :meth:`~concurrent."
"futures.Executor.submit` for scheduling a callable and returning a :class:"
"`~concurrent.futures.Future` object; :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Executor."
"map` for scheduling many asynchronous calls at a time, and :meth:"
"`~concurrent.futures.Executor.shutdown` for freeing resources.  The class is "
"a :term:`context manager` and can be used in a :keyword:`with` statement to "
"assure that resources are automatically released when currently pending "
"futures are done executing."
msgstr ""
"どちらの executor クラスとも 3 つのメソッドを持つ共通インターフェイスを持ちま"
"す。 :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Executor.submit` メソッドは呼び出し可能オブ"
"ジェクトをスケジュールし、 :class:`~concurrent.futures.Future` オブジェクトを"
"返します。 :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Executor.map` メソッドは一気に複数の非"
"同期呼び出しをスケジュールします。 :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Executor."
"shutdown` メソッドはリソースを解放します。これらクラスは :term:`context "
"manager` なので :keyword:`with` 文とともに使うことが出来、現時点で保留中の "
"future が実行を終えた際にリソースが自動的に解放されることを保障出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:269
msgid ""
"A simple of example of :class:`~concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor` is a "
"launch of four parallel threads for copying files::"
msgstr ""
"以下はファイルコピーを行う 4 つの並列スレッドを実行する、 :class:"
"`~concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor` の単純な使用例です::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:272
msgid ""
"import concurrent.futures, shutil\n"
"with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=4) as e:\n"
"    e.submit(shutil.copy, 'src1.txt', 'dest1.txt')\n"
"    e.submit(shutil.copy, 'src2.txt', 'dest2.txt')\n"
"    e.submit(shutil.copy, 'src3.txt', 'dest3.txt')\n"
"    e.submit(shutil.copy, 'src3.txt', 'dest4.txt')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:281
msgid ":pep:`3148` - Futures -- Execute Computations Asynchronously"
msgstr ":pep:`3148` - Futures -- 計算の非同期な実行"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:282
msgid "PEP written by Brian Quinlan."
msgstr "PEP written by Brian Quinlan."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:284
msgid ""
":ref:`Code for Threaded Parallel URL reads<threadpoolexecutor-example>`, an "
"example using threads to fetch multiple web pages in parallel."
msgstr ""
":ref:`threadpoolexecutor-example` はスレッド並列でウェブページを取得する実例"
"コードです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:287
msgid ""
":ref:`Code for computing prime numbers in parallel<processpoolexecutor-"
"example>`, an example demonstrating :class:`~concurrent.futures."
"ProcessPoolExecutor`."
msgstr ""
":class:`~concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor` の実例を :ref:`並列で素数計"
"算するコード例 <processpoolexecutor-example>` として挙げています。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:293
msgid "PEP 3147:  PYC Repository Directories"
msgstr "PEP 3147:  PYC リポジトリーディレクトリ"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:295
msgid ""
"Python's scheme for caching bytecode in *.pyc* files did not work well in "
"environments with multiple Python interpreters.  If one interpreter "
"encountered a cached file created by another interpreter, it would recompile "
"the source and overwrite the cached file, thus losing the benefits of "
"caching."
msgstr ""
"バイトコードを *.pyc* ファイルとしてキャッシュする Python の方法は、複数の "
"Python インタプリタ環境ではうまく働きませんでした。一つのインタプリタがもう一"
"つのインタプリタによって作られたキャッシュファイルに出会うと、そのインタプリ"
"タはソースを再コンパイルしてキャッシュファイルを上書きするわけですから、これ"
"ではキャッシュの価値は台無しです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:300
msgid ""
"The issue of \"pyc fights\" has become more pronounced as it has become "
"commonplace for Linux distributions to ship with multiple versions of "
"Python. These conflicts also arise with CPython alternatives such as Unladen "
"Swallow."
msgstr ""
"「pyc ファイト」問題は、複数バージョンの Python を載せる Linux ディストリ"
"ビューションにありふれたこととなったよりももっと表立って来ました。これら衝突"
"は `Unladen Swallow <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"Unladen_Swallow#Project_activity>`_ のような CPython 以外の実装でも起こりま"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:304
msgid ""
"To solve this problem, Python's import machinery has been extended to use "
"distinct filenames for each interpreter.  Instead of Python 3.2 and Python "
"3.3 and Unladen Swallow each competing for a file called \"mymodule.pyc\", "
"they will now look for \"mymodule.cpython-32.pyc\", \"mymodule.cpython-33."
"pyc\", and \"mymodule.unladen10.pyc\".  And to prevent all of these new "
"files from cluttering source directories, the *pyc* files are now collected "
"in a \"__pycache__\" directory stored under the package directory."
msgstr ""
"この問題を解決するために、Python のインポート機構はそれぞれのインタプリタごと"
"に区別された名前を使うように拡張されました。Python 3.2、Python 3.3、 Unladen "
"Swallow でそれぞれ競合するファイル名 \"mymodule.pyc\" を使うのではなく、それ"
"ぞれ \"mymodule.cpython-32.pyc\", \"mymodule.cpython-33.pyc\", \"mymodule."
"unladen10.pyc\" を使うようになりました。同時にこれらの新しいファイルがソース"
"ディレクトリを散らかすのを防ぐために、 *pyc* ファイルはパッケージディレクトリ"
"の下の \"__pycache__\" ディレクトリに収集するようになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:312
msgid ""
"Aside from the filenames and target directories, the new scheme has a few "
"aspects that are visible to the programmer:"
msgstr ""
"ファイル名と格納先ディレクトリは別にして、この新方式にはプログラマ目線での目"
"に見える変化が少しあります:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:315
msgid ""
"Imported modules now have a :attr:`~module.__cached__` attribute which "
"stores the name of the actual file that was imported:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:322
msgid ""
"The tag that is unique to each interpreter is accessible from the :mod:`!"
"imp` module:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:329
msgid ""
"Scripts that try to deduce source filename from the imported file now need "
"to be smarter.  It is no longer sufficient to simply strip the \"c\" from a "
"\".pyc\" filename.  Instead, use the new functions in the :mod:`!imp` module:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:338
msgid ""
"The :mod:`py_compile` and :mod:`compileall` modules have been updated to "
"reflect the new naming convention and target directory.  The command-line "
"invocation of *compileall* has new options: ``-i`` for specifying a list of "
"files and directories to compile and ``-b`` which causes bytecode files to "
"be written to their legacy location rather than *__pycache__*."
msgstr ""
":mod:`py_compile` と :mod:`compileall` モジュールはこの新命名規則とターゲット"
"ディレクトリを反映するよう更新されました。 *compileall* のコマンドラインから"
"の起動には新しいオプションが追加されました。 ``-i`` はコンパイルするファイル"
"とディレクトリのリストを指定します。 ``-b`` はバイトコードファイルを "
"*__pycache__* ではなく伝統的な場所に書き出します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:345
msgid ""
"The :mod:`importlib.abc` module has been updated with new :term:`abstract "
"base classes <abstract base class>` for loading bytecode files.  The "
"obsolete ABCs, :class:`!PyLoader` and :class:`!PyPycLoader`, have been "
"deprecated (instructions on how to stay Python 3.1 compatible are included "
"with the documentation)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:353
msgid ":pep:`3147` - PYC Repository Directories"
msgstr ":pep:`3147` - PYC リポジトリーディレクトリー"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:354 ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:385
msgid "PEP written by Barry Warsaw."
msgstr "PEP written by Barry Warsaw."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:358
msgid "PEP 3149: ABI Version Tagged .so Files"
msgstr "PEP 3149: ABI バージョンでタグ付けされた .so ファイル"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:360
msgid ""
"The PYC repository directory allows multiple bytecode cache files to be co-"
"located.  This PEP implements a similar mechanism for shared object files by "
"giving them a common directory and distinct names for each version."
msgstr ""
"PYC レポジトリーディレクトリでは複数バイトコードのキャッシュファイルを共存で"
"きます。この PEP は共有オブジェクトについての同じようなメカニズムを実装しま"
"す。それには共通のディレクトリを使い、個々のバージョンごとの名前の区別をしま"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:364
msgid ""
"The common directory is \"pyshared\" and the file names are made distinct by "
"identifying the Python implementation (such as CPython, PyPy, Jython, etc.), "
"the major and minor version numbers, and optional build flags (such as \"d\" "
"for debug, \"m\" for pymalloc, \"u\" for wide-unicode).  For an arbitrary "
"package \"foo\", you may see these files when the distribution package is "
"installed::"
msgstr ""
"共通ディレクトリは \"pyshared\" です。また、ファイル名は Python 実装 (例えば "
"CPython、PyPy、Jython など)、メジャー・マイナーバージョン番号やオプショナルな"
"ビルドフラグ (例えばデバッグビルドでの \"d\"、 pymalloc ビルドの \"m\"、ワイ"
"ド幅 Unicode の \"u\") を特定することで区別するように命名されます。任意のパッ"
"ケージ \"foo\" について、配布パッケージがインストールされるとこれらファイルは"
"例えばこのような具合でしょう::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:370
msgid ""
"/usr/share/pyshared/foo.cpython-32m.so\n"
"/usr/share/pyshared/foo.cpython-33md.so"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:373
msgid ""
"In Python itself, the tags are accessible from functions in the :mod:"
"`sysconfig` module::"
msgstr ""
"Python 自身からこのタグに、 :mod:`sysconfig` モジュールにある関数でアクセス出"
"来ます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:376
msgid ""
">>> import sysconfig\n"
">>> sysconfig.get_config_var('SOABI')       # find the version tag\n"
"'cpython-32mu'\n"
">>> sysconfig.get_config_var('EXT_SUFFIX')  # find the full filename "
"extension\n"
"'.cpython-32mu.so'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:384
msgid ":pep:`3149` - ABI Version Tagged .so Files"
msgstr ":pep:`3149` - ABI バージョンでタグ付けされた .so ファイル"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:389
msgid "PEP 3333: Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1"
msgstr "PEP 3333: Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:391
msgid ""
"This informational PEP clarifies how bytes/text issues are to be handled by "
"the WSGI protocol.  The challenge is that string handling in Python 3 is "
"most conveniently handled with the :class:`str` type even though the HTTP "
"protocol is itself bytes oriented."
msgstr ""
"この情報 PEP は、 WSGI プロトコルによってどのようにバイト列/テキストの問題が"
"処理されるべきかを明確化しています。HTTP プロトコルそのものはバイト列指向で"
"あっても、Python 3 にあってほとんど :class:`str` 型で便利に文字列処理出来るよ"
"うにすることが挑戦でした。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:396
msgid ""
"The PEP differentiates so-called *native strings* that are used for request/"
"response headers and metadata versus *byte strings* which are used for the "
"bodies of requests and responses."
msgstr ""
"この PEP では、リクエスト/レスポンスヘッダとメタデータに使われるいわゆる *ネ"
"イティブ文字列(native strings)* と、リクエストとレスポンスのボディに使われる "
"*バイト列文字列(byte strings)* を区別します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:400
msgid ""
"The *native strings* are always of type :class:`str` but are restricted to "
"code points between *U+0000* through *U+00FF* which are translatable to "
"bytes using *Latin-1* encoding.  These strings are used for the keys and "
"values in the environment dictionary and for response headers and statuses "
"in the :func:`!start_response` function.  They must follow :rfc:`2616` with "
"respect to encoding. That is, they must either be *ISO-8859-1* characters or "
"use :rfc:`2047` MIME encoding."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:408
msgid ""
"For developers porting WSGI applications from Python 2, here are the salient "
"points:"
msgstr ""
"WSGI アプリケーションを Python 2 から移植する開発者は、とりわけ以下に注意して"
"ください:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:411
msgid ""
"If the app already used strings for headers in Python 2, no change is needed."
msgstr ""
"Python 2 でヘッダとしてネイティブ文字列を既に使っているアプリケーションは変更"
"の必要はありません。(---訳注: 原文は「If the app already used strings for "
"headers ...」。native strings としないと意味が通りません。 ---)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:413
msgid ""
"If instead, the app encoded output headers or decoded input headers, then "
"the headers will need to be re-encoded to Latin-1.  For example, an output "
"header encoded in utf-8 was using ``h.encode('utf-8')`` now needs to convert "
"from bytes to native strings using ``h.encode('utf-8').decode('latin-1')``."
msgstr ""
"そうではなくアプリケーションが出力ヘッダをエンコードしていたり、入力ヘッダを"
"デコードしていたのであれば、ヘッダは Latin-1 に再エンコードする必要がありま"
"す。たとえば ``h.encode('utf-8')`` により utf-8 でエンコードされた出力ヘッダ"
"は、バイト列からネイティブ文字列に ``h.encode('utf-8').decode('latin-1')`` で"
"変換する必要があります。(---訳注: この原文は h が元々 latin-1 で表現出来る文"
"字セットであることを暗黙で仮定しているようです。---)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:418
msgid ""
"Values yielded by an application or sent using the :meth:`!write` method "
"must be byte strings.  The :func:`!start_response` function and environ must "
"use native strings.  The two cannot be mixed."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:422
msgid ""
"For server implementers writing CGI-to-WSGI pathways or other CGI-style "
"protocols, the users must to be able access the environment using native "
"strings even though the underlying platform may have a different "
"convention.  To bridge this gap, the :mod:`wsgiref` module has a new "
"function, :func:`wsgiref.handlers.read_environ` for transcoding CGI "
"variables from :data:`os.environ` into native strings and returning a new "
"dictionary."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:431
msgid ":pep:`3333` - Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1"
msgstr ":pep:`3333` - Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:432
msgid "PEP written by Phillip Eby."
msgstr "PEP written by Phillip Eby."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:436
msgid "Other Language Changes"
msgstr "その他の言語変更"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:438
msgid "Some smaller changes made to the core Python language are:"
msgstr "Python 言語コアに小さな変更がいくつか行われました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:440
msgid ""
"String formatting for :func:`format` and :meth:`str.format` gained new "
"capabilities for the format character **#**.  Previously, for integers in "
"binary, octal, or hexadecimal, it caused the output to be prefixed with "
"'0b', '0o', or '0x' respectively.  Now it can also handle floats, complex, "
"and Decimal, causing the output to always have a decimal point even when no "
"digits follow it."
msgstr ""
":func:`format` と :meth:`str.format` のフォーマット文字 **#** が拡張されまし"
"た。以前から二進、八進、十六進整数に対して順にそれぞれ '0b', '0o', '0x' を冠"
"する出力をしていましたが、これは浮動小数点数、複素数、 Decimal に対しても処理"
"するようになり、これはあとに続く桁がなくても必ず小数点を出力します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:452
msgid ""
"(Suggested by Mark Dickinson and implemented by Eric Smith in :issue:`7094`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Suggested by Mark Dickinson and implemented by Eric Smith in :issue:`7094`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:454
msgid ""
"There is also a new :meth:`str.format_map` method that extends the "
"capabilities of the existing :meth:`str.format` method by accepting "
"arbitrary :term:`mapping` objects.  This new method makes it possible to use "
"string formatting with any of Python's many dictionary-like objects such as :"
"class:`~collections.defaultdict`, :class:`~shelve.Shelf`, :class:"
"`~configparser.ConfigParser`, or :mod:`dbm`.  It is also useful with custom :"
"class:`dict` subclasses that normalize keys before look-up or that supply a :"
"meth:`__missing__` method for unknown keys::"
msgstr ""
"新たに追加された :meth:`str.format_map` メソッドも既存の :meth:`str.format` "
"メソッドの能力を拡大します。これは任意の :term:`mapping` を受け付けます。この"
"新規メソッドは Python の数多くの「辞書的な」オブジェクトとともに文字列書式化"
"を使うことを可能にします。たとえば :class:`~collections.defaultdict`, :class:"
"`~shelve.Shelf`, :class:`~configparser.ConfigParser`, あるいは :mod:`dbm` な"
"どで使えるということです。カスタムな :class:`dict` のサブクラスと一緒に使うの"
"も便利で、例えばルックアップの前にキーを正規化してみたり、未知のキーを :meth:"
"`__missing__` メソッドで補ってみたりなど出来ます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:463
msgid ""
">>> import shelve\n"
">>> d = shelve.open('tmp.shl')\n"
">>> 'The {project_name} status is {status} as of {date}'.format_map(d)\n"
"'The testing project status is green as of February 15, 2011'\n"
"\n"
">>> class LowerCasedDict(dict):\n"
"...     def __getitem__(self, key):\n"
"...         return dict.__getitem__(self, key.lower())\n"
"...\n"
">>> lcd = LowerCasedDict(part='widgets', quantity=10)\n"
">>> 'There are {QUANTITY} {Part} in stock'.format_map(lcd)\n"
"'There are 10 widgets in stock'\n"
"\n"
">>> class PlaceholderDict(dict):\n"
"...     def __missing__(self, key):\n"
"...         return '<{}>'.format(key)\n"
"...\n"
">>> 'Hello {name}, welcome to {location}'.format_map(PlaceholderDict())\n"
"'Hello <name>, welcome to <location>'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:483
msgid ""
"(Suggested by Raymond Hettinger and implemented by Eric Smith in :issue:"
"`6081`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Suggested by Raymond Hettinger and implemented by Eric Smith in :issue:"
"`6081`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:486
msgid ""
"The interpreter can now be started with a quiet option, ``-q``, to prevent "
"the copyright and version information from being displayed in the "
"interactive mode.  The option can be introspected using the :data:`sys."
"flags` attribute:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:490
msgid ""
"$ python -q\n"
">>> sys.flags\n"
"sys.flags(debug=0, division_warning=0, inspect=0, interactive=0,\n"
"optimize=0, dont_write_bytecode=0, no_user_site=0, no_site=0,\n"
"ignore_environment=0, verbose=0, bytes_warning=0, quiet=1)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:498
msgid "(Contributed by Marcin Wojdyr in :issue:`1772833`)."
msgstr "(Contributed by Marcin Wojdyr in :issue:`1772833`)."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:500
msgid ""
"The :func:`hasattr` function works by calling :func:`getattr` and detecting "
"whether an exception is raised.  This technique allows it to detect methods "
"created dynamically by :meth:`~object.__getattr__` or :meth:`~object."
"__getattribute__` which would otherwise be absent from the class "
"dictionary.  Formerly, *hasattr* would catch any exception, possibly masking "
"genuine errors.  Now, *hasattr* has been tightened to only catch :exc:"
"`AttributeError` and let other exceptions pass through::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:508
msgid ""
">>> class A:\n"
"...     @property\n"
"...     def f(self):\n"
"...         return 1 // 0\n"
"...\n"
">>> a = A()\n"
">>> hasattr(a, 'f')\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:519
msgid ""
"(Discovered by Yury Selivanov and fixed by Benjamin Peterson; :issue:`9666`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Discovered by Yury Selivanov and fixed by Benjamin Peterson; :issue:`9666`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:521
msgid ""
"The :func:`str` of a float or complex number is now the same as its :func:"
"`repr`. Previously, the :func:`str` form was shorter but that just caused "
"confusion and is no longer needed now that the shortest possible :func:"
"`repr` is displayed by default:"
msgstr ""
"浮動小数点数または複素数に対する :func:`str` は :func:`repr` 表現と同じになり"
"ました。以前は :func:`str` 形式のほうが短い表現になっていましたがこれは単に困"
"惑させるものでした。 :func:`repr` がデフォルトで可能ななかでの一番短い表現を"
"するようになったので、 :func:`str` があえて短い表現を取ろうとする必要性がなく"
"なりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:532
msgid "(Proposed and implemented by Mark Dickinson; :issue:`9337`.)"
msgstr "(Proposed and implemented by Mark Dickinson; :issue:`9337`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:534
msgid ""
":class:`memoryview` objects now have a :meth:`~memoryview.release` method "
"and they also now support the context management protocol.  This allows "
"timely release of any resources that were acquired when requesting a buffer "
"from the original object."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:543
msgid "(Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`9757`.)"
msgstr "(Added by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`9757`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:545
msgid ""
"Previously it was illegal to delete a name from the local namespace if it "
"occurs as a free variable in a nested block::"
msgstr ""
"以前は、入れ子になったブロック内である名前が自由変数として現れる場合、局所名"
"前空間からその名前を削除することは不正でした。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:548
msgid ""
"def outer(x):\n"
"    def inner():\n"
"        return x\n"
"    inner()\n"
"    del x"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:554
msgid ""
"This is now allowed.  Remember that the target of an :keyword:`except` "
"clause is cleared, so this code which used to work with Python 2.6, raised "
"a :exc:`SyntaxError` with Python 3.1 and now works again::"
msgstr ""
"これは可能になりました。\n"
":keyword:`except` 節の対象が消去されることを思い出せば、\n"
"Python 2.6 では動き、Python 3.1 では :exc:`SyntaxError` を送出するこのコード"
"は再び動きます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:558
msgid ""
"def f():\n"
"    def print_error():\n"
"        print(e)\n"
"    try:\n"
"        something\n"
"    except Exception as e:\n"
"        print_error()\n"
"        # implicit \"del e\" here"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:567
msgid "(See :issue:`4617`.)"
msgstr "(:issue:`4617` を参照してください。)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:569
msgid ""
":ref:`Struct sequence types <struct-sequence-objects>` are now subclasses of "
"tuple. This means that C structures like those returned by :func:`os.stat`, :"
"func:`time.gmtime`, and :data:`sys.version_info` now work like a :term:"
"`named tuple` and now work with functions and methods that expect a tuple as "
"an argument.  This is a big step forward in making the C structures as "
"flexible as their pure Python counterparts:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:582
msgid ""
"(Suggested by Arfrever Frehtes Taifersar Arahesis and implemented by "
"Benjamin Peterson in :issue:`8413`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Suggested by Arfrever Frehtes Taifersar Arahesis and implemented by "
"Benjamin Peterson in :issue:`8413`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:585
msgid ""
"Warnings are now easier to control using the :envvar:`PYTHONWARNINGS` "
"environment variable as an alternative to using ``-W`` at the command line:"
msgstr ""
"警告の制御を以前より簡単に出来るようになりました。環境変数 :envvar:"
"`PYTHONWARNINGS` を使えば、コマンドラインで ``-W`` を使うより簡単です:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:588
msgid ""
"$ export PYTHONWARNINGS='ignore::RuntimeWarning::,once::UnicodeWarning::'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:592
msgid ""
"(Suggested by Barry Warsaw and implemented by Philip Jenvey in :issue:"
"`7301`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Suggested by Barry Warsaw and implemented by Philip Jenvey in :issue:"
"`7301`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:594
msgid ""
"A new warning category, :exc:`ResourceWarning`, has been added.  It is "
"emitted when potential issues with resource consumption or cleanup are "
"detected.  It is silenced by default in normal release builds but can be "
"enabled through the means provided by the :mod:`warnings` module, or on the "
"command line."
msgstr ""
"新たな警告カテゴリ :exc:`ResourceWarning` が追加されました。これはリソース消"
"費やクリーンアップについての潜在的な問題が検出されると発行されます。これは通"
"常のリリースビルドではデフォルトでは黙殺しますが、 :mod:`warnings` モジュール"
"で意味付けを変更 (訳注: :ref:`warning-filter` 参照) するかコマンドラインオプ"
"ションで有効に出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:600
msgid ""
"A :exc:`ResourceWarning` is issued at interpreter shutdown if the :data:`gc."
"garbage` list isn't empty, and if :const:`gc.DEBUG_UNCOLLECTABLE` is set, "
"all uncollectable objects are printed.  This is meant to make the programmer "
"aware that their code contains object finalization issues."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:605
msgid ""
"A :exc:`ResourceWarning` is also issued when a :term:`file object` is "
"destroyed without having been explicitly closed.  While the deallocator for "
"such object ensures it closes the underlying operating system resource "
"(usually, a file descriptor), the delay in deallocating the object could "
"produce various issues, especially under Windows.  Here is an example of "
"enabling the warning from the command line:"
msgstr ""
":exc:`ResourceWarning` は明示的にクローズされなかった :term:`file object` が"
"破壊される際にも発行されます。そのようなオブジェクトのデアロケータは背後の "
"OS リソース (大抵はファイル記述子) を閉じることを保障はしますが、オブジェクト"
"のデアロケートの遅れは様々な問題を産み落とし、とりわけ Windows でこれは顕著で"
"す。コマンドラインからこの警告を有効にするには例えばこのようにします:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:612
msgid ""
"$ python -q -Wdefault\n"
">>> f = open(\"foo\", \"wb\")\n"
">>> del f\n"
"__main__:1: ResourceWarning: unclosed file <_io.BufferedWriter name='foo'>"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:619
msgid ""
"(Added by Antoine Pitrou and Georg Brandl in :issue:`10093` and :issue:"
"`477863`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Added by Antoine Pitrou and Georg Brandl in :issue:`10093` and :issue:"
"`477863`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:621
msgid ""
":class:`range` objects now support *index* and *count* methods. This is part "
"of an effort to make more objects fully implement the :class:`collections."
"Sequence <collections.abc.Sequence>` :term:`abstract base class`.  As a "
"result, the language will have a more uniform API.  In addition, :class:"
"`range` objects now support slicing and negative indices, even with values "
"larger than :data:`sys.maxsize`.  This makes *range* more interoperable with "
"lists::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:628
msgid ""
">>> range(0, 100, 2).count(10)\n"
"1\n"
">>> range(0, 100, 2).index(10)\n"
"5\n"
">>> range(0, 100, 2)[5]\n"
"10\n"
">>> range(0, 100, 2)[0:5]\n"
"range(0, 10, 2)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:637
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Daniel Stutzbach in :issue:`9213`, by Alexander Belopolsky "
"in :issue:`2690`, and by Nick Coghlan in :issue:`10889`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Daniel Stutzbach in :issue:`9213`, by Alexander Belopolsky "
"in :issue:`2690`, and by Nick Coghlan in :issue:`10889`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:640
msgid ""
"The :func:`callable` builtin function from Py2.x was resurrected.  It "
"provides a concise, readable alternative to using an :term:`abstract base "
"class` in an expression like ``isinstance(x, collections.Callable)``:"
msgstr ""
"Py2.x から :func:`callable` 組み込み関数が復活しました。\n"
"この関数は ``isinstance(x, collections.Callable)`` のように式内で :term:`抽象"
"基底クラス <abstract base class>` を使用するよりも、簡潔で可読性の高い手段を"
"提供します:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:649
msgid "(See :issue:`10518`.)"
msgstr "(:issue:`10518` を参照してください。)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:651
msgid ""
"Python's import mechanism can now load modules installed in directories with "
"non-ASCII characters in the path name.  This solved an aggravating problem "
"with home directories for users with non-ASCII characters in their usernames."
msgstr ""
"Python のインポート機構が、パス名に非 ASCII 文字を含むディレクトリにインス"
"トールされたモジュールをロードできるようになりました。これはユーザ名に非 "
"ASCII 文字を含むユーザにとっての、ホームディレクトリにまつわる腹立たしい問題"
"を解決しました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:655
msgid "(Required extensive work by Victor Stinner in :issue:`9425`.)"
msgstr "(Required extensive work by Victor Stinner in :issue:`9425`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:659
msgid "New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules"
msgstr "新たなモジュール、改良されたモジュール、非推奨のモジュール"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:661
msgid ""
"Python's standard library has undergone significant maintenance efforts and "
"quality improvements."
msgstr "Python の標準ライブラリは保守の努力と質の向上を大きく受けています。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:664
msgid ""
"The biggest news for Python 3.2 is that the :mod:`email` package, :mod:"
"`mailbox` module, and :mod:`!nntplib` modules now work correctly with the "
"bytes/text model in Python 3.  For the first time, there is correct handling "
"of messages with mixed encodings."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:669
msgid ""
"Throughout the standard library, there has been more careful attention to "
"encodings and text versus bytes issues.  In particular, interactions with "
"the operating system are now better able to exchange non-ASCII data using "
"the Windows MBCS encoding, locale-aware encodings, or UTF-8."
msgstr ""
"標準ライブラリ全体を通じて、エンコーディング問題とテキスト対バイト列問題に関"
"してより注意深い配慮がなされました。とりわけオペレーティングシステムとの連携"
"では、Windows の MBCS エンコーディングやロケールに配慮するエンコーディング、"
"あるいは UTF-8 を使う非 ASCII のデータ交換はより良く行えるようになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:674
msgid ""
"Another significant win is the addition of substantially better support for "
"*SSL* connections and security certificates."
msgstr ""
"もうひとつの目覚しい勝利は、 *SSL* 接続とセキュリティ証明書サポートの大幅な改"
"善です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:677
msgid ""
"In addition, more classes now implement a :term:`context manager` to support "
"convenient and reliable resource clean-up using a :keyword:`with` statement."
msgstr ""
"さらに、以前よりももっと多くのクラスが今では :term:`context manager` を実装"
"し、 :keyword:`with` 文を使った便利で信頼出来るリソースのクリーンアップをサ"
"ポートしています。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:681
msgid "email"
msgstr "email"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:683
msgid ""
"The usability of the :mod:`email` package in Python 3 has been mostly fixed "
"by the extensive efforts of R. David Murray.  The problem was that emails "
"are typically read and stored in the form of :class:`bytes` rather than :"
"class:`str` text, and they may contain multiple encodings within a single "
"email.  So, the email package had to be extended to parse and generate email "
"messages in bytes format."
msgstr ""
"R. David Murray による多大なる尽力により、Python 3 における :mod:`email` パッ"
"ケージの適応可能性の問題は、ほとんど修正されました。問題は、email が典型的に"
"は :class:`str` テキストよりも :class:`bytes` 形式で格納され、読まれることで"
"あり、一つの email の中に複数のエンコーディングを含みうることでした。ですか"
"ら email パッケージは email メッセージの解析と生成を bytes フォーマットで拡張"
"される必要がありました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:690
msgid ""
"New functions :func:`~email.message_from_bytes` and :func:`~email."
"message_from_binary_file`, and new classes :class:`~email.parser."
"BytesFeedParser` and :class:`~email.parser.BytesParser` allow binary message "
"data to be parsed into model objects."
msgstr ""
"新規関数 :func:`~email.message_from_bytes`, :func:`~email."
"message_from_binary_file` 、それに新規クラス :class:`~email.parser."
"BytesFeedParser`, :class:`~email.parser.BytesParser` が、バイナリメッセージ"
"データをパースしてモデルオブジェクトに読み込みます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:695
msgid ""
"Given bytes input to the model, :meth:`~email.message.Message.get_payload` "
"will by default decode a message body that has a :mailheader:`Content-"
"Transfer-Encoding` of *8bit* using the charset specified in the MIME headers "
"and return the resulting string."
msgstr ""
"bytes の入力をモデルに与えると :meth:`~email.message.Message.get_payload` "
"は、デフォルトでは *8 ビット* の :mailheader:`Content-Transfer-Encoding` "
"MIME ヘッダをもったメッセージボディをそのヘッダで指定された文字セットを使い、"
"デコードして結果文字列を返します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:700
msgid ""
"Given bytes input to the model, :class:`~email.generator.Generator` will "
"convert message bodies that have a :mailheader:`Content-Transfer-Encoding` "
"of *8bit* to instead have a *7bit* :mailheader:`Content-Transfer-Encoding`."
msgstr ""
"bytes の入力をモデルに与えると :class:`~email.generator.Generator` は、 *8 "
"ビット* の :mailheader:`Content-Transfer-Encoding` MIME ヘッダをもったメッ"
"セージボディを、 *7 ビット* の :mailheader:`Content-Transfer-Encoding` を持つ"
"ものに変換します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:704
msgid ""
"Headers with unencoded non-ASCII bytes are deemed to be :rfc:`2047`\\ -"
"encoded using the *unknown-8bit* character set."
msgstr ""
"エンコードされていない非 ASCII バイト列を持つヘッダは *未知の 8 ビット* 文字"
"セットを使った :rfc:`2047` エンコードであると見做されます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:707
msgid ""
"A new class :class:`~email.generator.BytesGenerator` produces bytes as "
"output, preserving any unchanged non-ASCII data that was present in the "
"input used to build the model, including message bodies with a :mailheader:"
"`Content-Transfer-Encoding` of *8bit*."
msgstr ""
"新規クラス :class:`~email.generator.BytesGenerator` は出力としてバイト列を生"
"成します。これはモデルを構築するのに使った入力にあった非 ASCII データをそのま"
"まにし、 *8ビットの* :mailheader:`Content-Transfer-Encoding` を持つメッセージ"
"ボディに含めます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:712
msgid ""
"The :mod:`smtplib` :class:`~smtplib.SMTP` class now accepts a byte string "
"for the *msg* argument to the :meth:`~smtplib.SMTP.sendmail` method, and a "
"new method, :meth:`~smtplib.SMTP.send_message` accepts a :class:`~email."
"message.Message` object and can optionally obtain the *from_addr* and "
"*to_addrs* addresses directly from the object."
msgstr ""
":mod:`smtplib` モジュールの :class:`~smtplib.SMTP` クラスが :meth:`~smtplib."
"SMTP.sendmail` メソッドの *msg* 引数としてバイト列文字列を受け付けるようにな"
"りました。新しく追加されたメソッド :meth:`~smtplib.SMTP.send_message` は "
"*msg* 引数に :class:`~email.message.Message` オブジェクトを受け付けます。この"
"メソッドは *msg* にあたえたオブジェクトから *from_addr* アドレスと "
"*to_addrs* アドレスを直接取ることが出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:718
msgid ""
"(Proposed and implemented by R. David Murray, :issue:`4661` and :issue:"
"`10321`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Proposed and implemented by R. David Murray, :issue:`4661` and :issue:"
"`10321`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:721
msgid "elementtree"
msgstr "elementtree"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:723
msgid ""
"The :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` package and its :mod:`!xml.etree."
"cElementTree` counterpart have been updated to version 1.3."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:726
msgid "Several new and useful functions and methods have been added:"
msgstr "有用な関数とメソッドが幾つか新たに追加されました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:728
msgid ""
":func:`xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstringlist` which builds an XML document "
"from a sequence of fragments"
msgstr ""
":func:`xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstringlist`、断片のシーケンスから XML 文書を"
"組み立てます"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:730
msgid ""
":func:`xml.etree.ElementTree.register_namespace` for registering a global "
"namespace prefix"
msgstr ""
":func:`xml.etree.ElementTree.register_namespace`、大域名前空間接頭辞を登録す"
"るのに使用します"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:732
msgid ""
":func:`xml.etree.ElementTree.tostringlist` for string representation "
"including all sublists"
msgstr ""
":func:`xml.etree.ElementTree.tostringlist`、全サブリストを含めた文字列表記に"
"使用します"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:734
msgid ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.extend` for appending a sequence of "
"zero or more elements"
msgstr ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.extend`、ゼロ以上の要素のシークエンスを"
"追加するのに使用します"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:736
msgid ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.iterfind` searches an element and "
"subelements"
msgstr ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.iterfind`、要素と子要素を検索します"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:738
msgid ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.itertext` creates a text iterator over "
"an element and its subelements"
msgstr ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.itertext`、要素と子要素を走るテキストイ"
"テレータを作成します"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:740
msgid ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.end` closes the current element"
msgstr ":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.end`、現在の要素を閉じます"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:741
msgid ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.doctype` handles a doctype "
"declaration"
msgstr ""
":meth:`xml.etree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.doctype`、doctype 定義を処理します"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:744
msgid "Two methods have been deprecated:"
msgstr "2つのメソッドが非推奨になりました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:746
msgid ":meth:`!xml.etree.ElementTree.getchildren` use ``list(elem)`` instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:747
msgid ""
":meth:`!xml.etree.ElementTree.getiterator` use ``Element.iter`` instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:749
msgid ""
"For details of the update, see `Introducing ElementTree <https://web.archive."
"org/web/20200703234532/http://effbot.org/zone/elementtree-13-intro.htm>`_ on "
"Fredrik Lundh's website."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:753
msgid "(Contributed by Florent Xicluna and Fredrik Lundh, :issue:`6472`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Florent Xicluna and Fredrik Lundh, :issue:`6472`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:756
msgid "functools"
msgstr "functools"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:758
msgid ""
"The :mod:`functools` module includes a new decorator for caching function "
"calls.  :func:`functools.lru_cache` can save repeated queries to an external "
"resource whenever the results are expected to be the same."
msgstr ""
":mod:`functools` モジュールに関数呼び出しをキャッシュするデコレータが追加され"
"ています。 :func:`functools.lru_cache` を使うと、同じ結果が期待される場合の外"
"部リソースへの問い合わせ繰り返しを防ぐことができます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:762
msgid ""
"For example, adding a caching decorator to a database query function can "
"save database accesses for popular searches:"
msgstr ""
"たとえばデータベース問い合わせ関数をキャッシュするデコレータで修飾すれば、人"
"気の検索のデータベースアクセスを省けます:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:775
msgid ""
"To help with choosing an effective cache size, the wrapped function is "
"instrumented for tracking cache statistics:"
msgstr ""
"効果的なキャッシュサイズを選択する助けとなるよう、ラップされた関数はキャッ"
"シュの統計を追跡する道具にもなっています:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:781
msgid ""
"If the phonelist table gets updated, the outdated contents of the cache can "
"be cleared with:"
msgstr ""
"テーブル phonelist が更新されたのであれば、内容が古くなったキャッシュをクリア"
"できます:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:786
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and incorporating design ideas from Jim "
"Baker, Miki Tebeka, and Nick Coghlan; see `recipe 498245 <https://code."
"activestate.com/recipes/498245-lru-and-lfu-cache-decorators/>`_\\, `recipe "
"577479 <https://code.activestate.com/recipes/577479-simple-caching-decorator/"
">`_\\, :issue:`10586`, and :issue:`10593`.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:792
msgid ""
"The :func:`functools.wraps` decorator now adds a :attr:`__wrapped__` "
"attribute pointing to the original callable function.  This allows wrapped "
"functions to be introspected.  It also copies :attr:`~function."
"__annotations__` if defined.  And now it also gracefully skips over missing "
"attributes such as :attr:`~function.__doc__` which might not be defined for "
"the wrapped callable."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:799
msgid ""
"In the above example, the cache can be removed by recovering the original "
"function:"
msgstr "上の例の場合、キャッシュは元の関数を復元することで削除できます:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:804
msgid ""
"(By Nick Coghlan and Terrence Cole; :issue:`9567`, :issue:`3445`, and :issue:"
"`8814`.)"
msgstr ""
"(By Nick Coghlan and Terrence Cole; :issue:`9567`, :issue:`3445`, and :issue:"
"`8814`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:807
msgid ""
"To help write classes with rich comparison methods, a new decorator :func:"
"`functools.total_ordering` will use existing equality and inequality methods "
"to fill in the remaining methods."
msgstr ""
"拡張比較 (rich comparison) メソッドを持つクラスを書く助けとなるよう、新たなデ"
"コレータ :func:`functools.total_ordering` が追加されました。これは既存の等式"
"と不等式メソッドを使って残りのメソッドを埋めます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:811
msgid ""
"For example, supplying *__eq__* and *__lt__* will enable :func:`~functools."
"total_ordering` to fill-in *__le__*, *__gt__* and *__ge__*::"
msgstr ""
"例えば *__eq__* と *__lt__* を与えると、 :func:`~functools.total_ordering` "
"は *__le__*, *__gt__*, *__ge__* を補います::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:814
msgid ""
"@total_ordering\n"
"class Student:\n"
"    def __eq__(self, other):\n"
"        return ((self.lastname.lower(), self.firstname.lower()) ==\n"
"                (other.lastname.lower(), other.firstname.lower()))\n"
"\n"
"    def __lt__(self, other):\n"
"        return ((self.lastname.lower(), self.firstname.lower()) <\n"
"                (other.lastname.lower(), other.firstname.lower()))"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:824
msgid ""
"With the *total_ordering* decorator, the remaining comparison methods are "
"filled in automatically."
msgstr "*total_ordering* デコレータが残りの比較メソッドを自動的に補います。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:827 ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:839
#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:883 ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:904
#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:918 ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1788
#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1832
msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:829
msgid ""
"To aid in porting programs from Python 2, the :func:`functools.cmp_to_key` "
"function converts an old-style comparison function to modern :term:`key "
"function`:"
msgstr ""
"Python 2 からのプログラムの移植のために使える、 :func:`functools.cmp_to_key` "
"関数が追加されました。これは旧式の比較関数をモダンな :term:`key function` に"
"変換します:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:836
msgid ""
"For sorting examples and a brief sorting tutorial, see the `Sorting HowTo "
"<https://wiki.python.org/moin/HowTo/Sorting/>`_ tutorial."
msgstr ""
"ソートの例と簡単なチュートリアルは :ref:`sortinghowto` を参照して下さい。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:842
msgid "itertools"
msgstr "itertools"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:844
msgid ""
"The :mod:`itertools` module has a new :func:`~itertools.accumulate` function "
"modeled on APL's *scan* operator and Numpy's *accumulate* function:"
msgstr ""
":mod:`itertools` モジュールに、 `APL <https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/APL>`_ "
"の *scan* 演算子や `NumPy <http://www.numpy.org/>`_ の *accumulate* 関数をモ"
"デルにした :func:`~itertools.accumulate` が新しく追加されました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:855
msgid ""
"For an example using :func:`~itertools.accumulate`, see the :ref:`examples "
"for the random module <random-examples>`."
msgstr ""
":func:`~itertools.accumulate` の使用例が :ref:`examples for the random "
"module <random-examples>` にあります。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:858
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and incorporating design suggestions from "
"Mark Dickinson.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and incorporating design suggestions from "
"Mark Dickinson.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:862
msgid "collections"
msgstr "collections"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:864
msgid ""
"The :class:`collections.Counter` class now has two forms of in-place "
"subtraction, the existing *-=* operator for `saturating subtraction <https://"
"en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturation_arithmetic>`_ and the new :meth:"
"`~collections.Counter.subtract` method for regular subtraction.  The former "
"is suitable for `multisets <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiset>`_ which "
"only have positive counts, and the latter is more suitable for use cases "
"that allow negative counts:"
msgstr ""
":class:`collections.Counter` クラスに 2 つの形式のインプレイス減算が追加され"
"ました。 `saturating subtraction <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"Saturation_arithmetic>`_ (訳注: 結果を [min, max] に収める演算) を行う既存の "
"*-=* 演算子に加え、新しく追加された :meth:`~collections.Counter.subtract` メ"
"ソッドは通常の減算を行います。前者は要素数に正しか持たない `多重集合 "
"<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88>`_ に用い"
"るのに適していて、後者は要素数に負を許容するユースケースにより適しています。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:885
msgid ""
"The :class:`collections.OrderedDict` class has a new method :meth:"
"`~collections.OrderedDict.move_to_end` which takes an existing key and moves "
"it to either the first or last position in the ordered sequence."
msgstr ""
":class:`collections.OrderedDict` クラスに :meth:`~collections.OrderedDict."
"move_to_end` メソッド (訳注: 「end」は「端」) が追加されました。これは既存の"
"キーを受け取って、順序付けされたシーケンスの最初の位置か最後の位置に移動しま"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:889
msgid ""
"The default is to move an item to the last position.  This is equivalent of "
"renewing an entry with ``od[k] = od.pop(k)``."
msgstr ""
"デフォルトでは要素は最後の位置に移動します。これはエントリを ``od[k] = od."
"pop(k)`` で入れ替えるのと同じです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:892
msgid ""
"A fast move-to-end operation is useful for resequencing entries.  For "
"example, an ordered dictionary can be used to track order of access by aging "
"entries from the oldest to the most recently accessed."
msgstr ""
"高速な端への移動操作はエントリの並べなおしに便利です。例えば、最も最近使った"
"順序でエントリを年齢付けすることによってアクセス順を追跡するのに、順序付けさ"
"れた辞書を使えます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:906
msgid ""
"The :class:`collections.deque` class grew two new methods :meth:"
"`~collections.deque.count` and :meth:`~collections.deque.reverse` that make "
"them more substitutable for :class:`list` objects:"
msgstr ""
":class:`collections.deque` クラスに 2 つのメソッド :meth:`~collections.deque."
"count` と :meth:`~collections.deque.reverse` が追加されました。これでさらに :"
"class:`list` との置換可能性が増しました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:921
msgid "threading"
msgstr "threading"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:923
msgid ""
"The :mod:`threading` module has a new :class:`~threading.Barrier` "
"synchronization class for making multiple threads wait until all of them "
"have reached a common barrier point.  Barriers are useful for making sure "
"that a task with multiple preconditions does not run until all of the "
"predecessor tasks are complete."
msgstr ""
":mod:`threading` モジュールに新たに同期クラス :class:`~threading.Barrier` が"
"追加されました。これは多重のスレッドに、それら全てが共通のバリアポイントに到"
"達するまで待たせます。バリアは、複数の事前条件を持ったタスクを、その前任タス"
"クの全てが完了するまで走らせたくない場合に有用です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:929
msgid ""
"Barriers can work with an arbitrary number of threads.  This is a "
"generalization of a `Rendezvous <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"Synchronous_rendezvous>`_ which is defined for only two threads."
msgstr ""
"バリアは任意の数のスレッドに対して使えます。これは `Rendezvous <https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_rendezvous>`_ を一般化したもので、それは 2 つ"
"のスレッドに対してのみに定義されていました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:933
msgid ""
"Implemented as a two-phase cyclic barrier, :class:`~threading.Barrier` "
"objects are suitable for use in loops.  The separate *filling* and "
"*draining* phases assure that all threads get released (drained) before any "
"one of them can loop back and re-enter the barrier.  The barrier fully "
"resets after each cycle."
msgstr ""
"二段階の周期バリアとしての実装なので、 :class:`~threading.Barrier` オブジェク"
"トはループ内での利用に適しています。分けられた *filling (満杯にする)* 段階と "
"*draining (排出する)* 段階は、スレッドのどれか一つが元に戻ってバリアに再び入"
"る前に、全てのスレッドが解放 (排出) されることを保障します。バリアはそれぞれ"
"の周期のあとに完全にリセットされます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:938
msgid "Example of using barriers::"
msgstr "バリアは例えばこのように使います::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:940
msgid ""
"from threading import Barrier, Thread\n"
"\n"
"def get_votes(site):\n"
"    ballots = conduct_election(site)\n"
"    all_polls_closed.wait()        # do not count until all polls are "
"closed\n"
"    totals = summarize(ballots)\n"
"    publish(site, totals)\n"
"\n"
"all_polls_closed = Barrier(len(sites))\n"
"for site in sites:\n"
"    Thread(target=get_votes, args=(site,)).start()"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:952
msgid ""
"In this example, the barrier enforces a rule that votes cannot be counted at "
"any polling site until all polls are closed.  Notice how a solution with a "
"barrier is similar to one with :meth:`threading.Thread.join`, but the "
"threads stay alive and continue to do work (summarizing ballots) after the "
"barrier point is crossed."
msgstr ""
"この例ではバリアは、全ての投票所が閉じるまではどの投票サイトでも得票を数えな"
"いルールを強制しています。バリアを使ったソリューションが :meth:`threading."
"Thread.join` でのそれといかに似ているか気付くと思います。ですがバリアポイント"
"を通過した後に、スレッドは生き続けて (投票を集計する (summarizing ballots) と"
"いう) 仕事を続けます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:958
msgid ""
"If any of the predecessor tasks can hang or be delayed, a barrier can be "
"created with an optional *timeout* parameter.  Then if the timeout period "
"elapses before all the predecessor tasks reach the barrier point, all "
"waiting threads are released and a :exc:`~threading.BrokenBarrierError` "
"exception is raised::"
msgstr ""
"いずれかの前任タスクがハングしたり遅延したりしうるのであれば、バリアを "
"*timeout* 付きで作ることができます。全ての前任タスクがバリアポイントに到達す"
"る前にタイムアウトの期間が経過すると、全ての待機スレッドは解放されて :exc:"
"`~threading.BrokenBarrierError` 例外が発生します::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:963
msgid ""
"def get_votes(site):\n"
"    ballots = conduct_election(site)\n"
"    try:\n"
"        all_polls_closed.wait(timeout=midnight - time.now())\n"
"    except BrokenBarrierError:\n"
"        lockbox = seal_ballots(ballots)\n"
"        queue.put(lockbox)\n"
"    else:\n"
"        totals = summarize(ballots)\n"
"        publish(site, totals)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:974
msgid ""
"In this example, the barrier enforces a more robust rule.  If some election "
"sites do not finish before midnight, the barrier times-out and the ballots "
"are sealed and deposited in a queue for later handling."
msgstr ""
"この例ではバリアは、もっと手堅いルールを強制しています。選挙サイトのどれかが"
"午前零時前に終了しなかった場合バリアがタイムアウトし、投票用紙は密封されて後"
"の処理のためのキューに預けられます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:978
msgid ""
"See `Barrier Synchronization Patterns <https://osl.cs.illinois.edu/media/"
"papers/karmani-2009-barrier_synchronization_pattern.pdf>`_ for more examples "
"of how barriers can be used in parallel computing.  Also, there is a simple "
"but thorough explanation of barriers in `The Little Book of Semaphores "
"<https://greenteapress.com/semaphores/LittleBookOfSemaphores.pdf>`_, "
"*section 3.6*."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:984
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Kristján Valur Jónsson with an API review by Jeffrey Yasskin "
"in :issue:`8777`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Kristján Valur Jónsson with an API review by Jeffrey Yasskin "
"in :issue:`8777`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:988
msgid "datetime and time"
msgstr "datetime と time"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:990
msgid ""
"The :mod:`datetime` module has a new type :class:`~datetime.timezone` that "
"implements the :class:`~datetime.tzinfo` interface by returning a fixed UTC "
"offset and timezone name. This makes it easier to create timezone-aware "
"datetime objects::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`datetime` モジュールに新たに :class:`~datetime.timezone` 型が追加されて"
"います。これは :class:`~datetime.tzinfo` インターフェイスを実装し、UTC からの"
"固定オフセットとタイムゾーン名を返します。これによりタイムゾーンを意識する "
"(timezone-aware な) datetime オブジェクトを容易に作れます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:995
msgid ""
">>> from datetime import datetime, timezone\n"
"\n"
">>> datetime.now(timezone.utc)\n"
"datetime.datetime(2010, 12, 8, 21, 4, 2, 923754, tzinfo=datetime.timezone."
"utc)\n"
"\n"
">>> datetime.strptime(\"01/01/2000 12:00 +0000\", \"%m/%d/%Y %H:%M %z\")\n"
"datetime.datetime(2000, 1, 1, 12, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1003
msgid ""
"Also, :class:`~datetime.timedelta` objects can now be multiplied by :class:"
"`float` and divided by :class:`float` and :class:`int` objects. And :class:"
"`~datetime.timedelta` objects can now divide one another."
msgstr ""
"さらに、 :class:`~datetime.timedelta` オブジェクトは今では :class:`float` を"
"掛けることができ、 :class:`float` や :class:`int` で割ることができます。ま"
"た、 :class:`~datetime.timedelta` オブジェクトは別の :class:`~datetime."
"timedelta` で割ることが出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1007
msgid ""
"The :meth:`datetime.date.strftime` method is no longer restricted to years "
"after 1900.  The new supported year range is from 1000 to 9999 inclusive."
msgstr ""
":meth:`datetime.date.strftime` メソッドにはもう 1900 年以降という制限はありま"
"せん。新しくサポートされる年の範囲は 1000 以上 9999 以下です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1010
msgid ""
"Whenever a two-digit year is used in a time tuple, the interpretation has "
"been governed by :data:`!time.accept2dyear`.  The default is ``True`` which "
"means that for a two-digit year, the century is guessed according to the "
"POSIX rules governing the ``%y`` strptime format."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1015
msgid ""
"Starting with Py3.2, use of the century guessing heuristic will emit a :exc:"
"`DeprecationWarning`.  Instead, it is recommended that :data:`!time."
"accept2dyear` be set to ``False`` so that large date ranges can be used "
"without guesswork::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1020
msgid ""
">>> import time, warnings\n"
">>> warnings.resetwarnings()      # remove the default warning filters\n"
"\n"
">>> time.accept2dyear = True      # guess whether 11 means 11 or 2011\n"
">>> time.asctime((11, 1, 1, 12, 34, 56, 4, 1, 0))\n"
"Warning (from warnings module):\n"
"  ...\n"
"DeprecationWarning: Century info guessed for a 2-digit year.\n"
"'Fri Jan  1 12:34:56 2011'\n"
"\n"
">>> time.accept2dyear = False     # use the full range of allowable dates\n"
">>> time.asctime((11, 1, 1, 12, 34, 56, 4, 1, 0))\n"
"'Fri Jan  1 12:34:56 11'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1034
msgid ""
"Several functions now have significantly expanded date ranges.  When :data:`!"
"time.accept2dyear` is false, the :func:`time.asctime` function will accept "
"any year that fits in a C int, while the :func:`time.mktime` and :func:`time."
"strftime` functions will accept the full range supported by the "
"corresponding operating system functions."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1040
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Alexander Belopolsky and Victor Stinner in :issue:"
"`1289118`, :issue:`5094`, :issue:`6641`, :issue:`2706`, :issue:`1777412`, :"
"issue:`8013`, and :issue:`10827`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Alexander Belopolsky and Victor Stinner in :issue:"
"`1289118`, :issue:`5094`, :issue:`6641`, :issue:`2706`, :issue:`1777412`, :"
"issue:`8013`, and :issue:`10827`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1047
msgid "math"
msgstr "math"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1049
msgid ""
"The :mod:`math` module has been updated with six new functions inspired by "
"the C99 standard."
msgstr ""
":mod:`math` モジュールがアップデートされ、C99 標準に触発されて6つの新たな関数"
"が追加されました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1052
msgid ""
"The :func:`~math.isfinite` function provides a reliable and fast way to "
"detect special values.  It returns ``True`` for regular numbers and "
"``False`` for *Nan* or *Infinity*:"
msgstr ""
":func:`~math.isfinite` 関数は特殊値を確実に、かつ高速に検出する方法を提供しま"
"す。通常の数には ``True`` を、*Nan* や *Infinity* には ``False`` を返します:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1060
msgid ""
"The :func:`~math.expm1` function computes ``e**x-1`` for small values of *x* "
"without incurring the loss of precision that usually accompanies the "
"subtraction of nearly equal quantities:"
msgstr ""
":func:`~math.expm1` 関数は小さな *x* に対しても精度を失うこと (訳注: 桁落ち) "
"なく ``e**x-1`` を計算します。\n"
"通常、桁落ちは非常に近い数の引き算で起こります。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1068
msgid ""
"The :func:`~math.erf` function computes a probability integral or `Gaussian "
"error function <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_function>`_.  The "
"complementary error function, :func:`~math.erfc`, is ``1 - erf(x)``:"
msgstr ""
":func:`~math.erf` 関数は確率積分、すなわち `誤差関数 <https://ja.wikipedia."
"org/wiki/%E8%AA%A4%E5%B7%AE%E9%96%A2%E6%95%B0>`_ を返します。 相補誤差関数 :"
"func:`~math.erfc` は ``1 - erf(x)`` です:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1072
msgid ""
">>> from math import erf, erfc, sqrt\n"
">>> erf(1.0/sqrt(2.0))   # portion of normal distribution within 1 standard "
"deviation\n"
"0.682689492137086\n"
">>> erfc(1.0/sqrt(2.0))  # portion of normal distribution outside 1 standard "
"deviation\n"
"0.31731050786291404\n"
">>> erf(1.0/sqrt(2.0)) + erfc(1.0/sqrt(2.0))\n"
"1.0"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1083
msgid ""
"The :func:`~math.gamma` function is a continuous extension of the factorial "
"function.  See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_function for details.  "
"Because the function is related to factorials, it grows large even for small "
"values of *x*, so there is also a :func:`~math.lgamma` function for "
"computing the natural logarithm of the gamma function:"
msgstr ""
":func:`~math.gamma` 関数は階乗を連続的に拡張したものです。詳細は `ガンマ関数 "
"<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E9%96%A2%E6%95%B0>`_  を参照してください。ガンマ"
"関数は階乗に関係しているため、小さな  *x* でも大きくなります。そのため、ガン"
"マ関数の自然対数を計算する :func:`~math.lgamma` 関数があります。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1095
msgid "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1098
msgid "abc"
msgstr "abc"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1100
msgid ""
"The :mod:`abc` module now supports :func:`~abc.abstractclassmethod` and :"
"func:`~abc.abstractstaticmethod`."
msgstr ""
":mod:`abc` モジュールは :func:`~abc.abstractclassmethod` と :func:`~abc."
"abstractstaticmethod` をサポートしました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1103
msgid ""
"These tools make it possible to define an :term:`abstract base class` that "
"requires a particular :func:`classmethod` or :func:`staticmethod` to be "
"implemented::"
msgstr ""
"これらのツールによって特定の :func:`classmethod` や :func:`staticmethod` を実"
"装する必要のある :term:`抽象基底クラス <abstract base class>` を定義すること"
"が出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1107
msgid ""
"class Temperature(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):\n"
"    @abc.abstractclassmethod\n"
"    def from_fahrenheit(cls, t):\n"
"        ...\n"
"    @abc.abstractclassmethod\n"
"    def from_celsius(cls, t):\n"
"        ..."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1115
msgid "(Patch submitted by Daniel Urban; :issue:`5867`.)"
msgstr "(Patch submitted by Daniel Urban; :issue:`5867`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1118
msgid "io"
msgstr "io"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1120
msgid ""
"The :class:`io.BytesIO` has a new method, :meth:`~io.BytesIO.getbuffer`, "
"which provides functionality similar to :func:`memoryview`.  It creates an "
"editable view of the data without making a copy.  The buffer's random access "
"and support for slice notation are well-suited to in-place editing::"
msgstr ""
":class:`io.BytesIO` に :func:`memoryview` と同様の機能を提供する新たなメソッ"
"ド :meth:`~io.BytesIO.getbuffer` が追加されました。\n"
"このメソッドはコピーせずにデータの編集可能なビューを作成します。\n"
"バッファのランダムアクセスとスライス記法のサポートはインプレースな編集に適し"
"ています::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1125
msgid ""
">>> REC_LEN, LOC_START, LOC_LEN = 34, 7, 11\n"
"\n"
">>> def change_location(buffer, record_number, location):\n"
"...     start = record_number * REC_LEN + LOC_START\n"
"...     buffer[start: start+LOC_LEN] = location\n"
"\n"
">>> import io\n"
"\n"
">>> byte_stream = io.BytesIO(\n"
"...     b'G3805  storeroom  Main chassis    '\n"
"...     b'X7899  shipping   Reserve cog     '\n"
"...     b'L6988  receiving  Primary sprocket'\n"
"... )\n"
">>> buffer = byte_stream.getbuffer()\n"
">>> change_location(buffer, 1, b'warehouse  ')\n"
">>> change_location(buffer, 0, b'showroom   ')\n"
">>> print(byte_stream.getvalue())\n"
"b'G3805  showroom   Main chassis    '\n"
"b'X7899  warehouse  Reserve cog     '\n"
"b'L6988  receiving  Primary sprocket'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1146
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`5506`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`5506`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1149
msgid "reprlib"
msgstr "reprlib"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1151
msgid ""
"When writing a :meth:`~object.__repr__` method for a custom container, it is "
"easy to forget to handle the case where a member refers back to the "
"container itself. Python's builtin objects such as :class:`list` and :class:"
"`set` handle self-reference by displaying \"...\" in the recursive part of "
"the representation string."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1157
msgid ""
"To help write such :meth:`~object.__repr__` methods, the :mod:`reprlib` "
"module has a new decorator, :func:`~reprlib.recursive_repr`, for detecting "
"recursive calls to :meth:`!__repr__` and substituting a placeholder string "
"instead::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1161
msgid ""
">>> class MyList(list):\n"
"...     @recursive_repr()\n"
"...     def __repr__(self):\n"
"...         return '<' + '|'.join(map(repr, self)) + '>'\n"
"...\n"
">>> m = MyList('abc')\n"
">>> m.append(m)\n"
">>> m.append('x')\n"
">>> print(m)\n"
"<'a'|'b'|'c'|...|'x'>"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1172
msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`9826` and :issue:`9840`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`9826` and :issue:`9840`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1175
msgid "logging"
msgstr "logging"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1177
msgid ""
"In addition to dictionary-based configuration described above, the :mod:"
"`logging` package has many other improvements."
msgstr ""
"上記の辞書ベースの設定に加え、:mod:`logging` パッケージには他にも多くの改良が"
"あります。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1180
msgid ""
"The logging documentation has been augmented by a :ref:`basic tutorial "
"<logging-basic-tutorial>`\\, an :ref:`advanced tutorial <logging-advanced-"
"tutorial>`\\, and a :ref:`cookbook <logging-cookbook>` of logging recipes.  "
"These documents are the fastest way to learn about logging."
msgstr ""
"ロギングのドキュメントは :ref:`基本チュートリアル <logging-basic-"
"tutorial>`  、 :ref:`上級チュートリアル <logging-advanced-tutorial>`  、 :"
"ref:`クックブック <logging-cookbook>` により増強されてきました。ロギングにつ"
"いて学習するにはこれらのドキュメントが最速の方法です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1185
msgid ""
"The :func:`logging.basicConfig` set-up function gained a *style* argument to "
"support three different types of string formatting.  It defaults to \"%\" "
"for traditional %-formatting, can be set to \"{\" for the new :meth:`str."
"format` style, or can be set to \"$\" for the shell-style formatting "
"provided by :class:`string.Template`.  The following three configurations "
"are equivalent::"
msgstr ""
"セットアップ関数 :func:`logging.basicConfig` に *style* 引数が追加され、これ"
"により異なる 3 つのタイプの文字列書式化がサポートされます。デフォルトは伝統的"
"な % 書式化を使う \"%\" で、 :meth:`str.format` スタイルの \"{\" 、 :class:"
"`string.Template` で提供されるシェルスタイルの \"$\" をセット出来ます。以下"
"の 3 つの設定は等価です::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1191
msgid ""
">>> from logging import basicConfig\n"
">>> basicConfig(style='%', format=\"%(name)s -> %(levelname)s: "
"%(message)s\")\n"
">>> basicConfig(style='{', format=\"{name} -> {levelname} {message}\")\n"
">>> basicConfig(style='$', format=\"$name -> $levelname: $message\")"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1196
msgid ""
"If no configuration is set-up before a logging event occurs, there is now a "
"default configuration using a :class:`~logging.StreamHandler` directed to :"
"data:`sys.stderr` for events of ``WARNING`` level or higher.  Formerly, an "
"event occurring before a configuration was set-up would either raise an "
"exception or silently drop the event depending on the value of :data:"
"`logging.raiseExceptions`.  The new default handler is stored in :data:"
"`logging.lastResort`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1204
msgid ""
"The use of filters has been simplified.  Instead of creating a :class:"
"`~logging.Filter` object, the predicate can be any Python callable that "
"returns ``True`` or ``False``."
msgstr ""
"フィルタの利用は単純になりました。 :class:`~logging.Filter` オブジェクトを作"
"る代わりに、 ``True`` か ``False`` を返す任意の Python 呼び出し可能オブジェク"
"トを述語 (predicate) として利用出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1208
msgid ""
"There were a number of other improvements that add flexibility and simplify "
"configuration.  See the module documentation for a full listing of changes "
"in Python 3.2."
msgstr ""
"ほかにも柔軟性を高め、設定を単純化する数多くの改善がありました。Python 3.2 で"
"の全ての変更についてはモジュールのドキュメントを参照してください。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1213
msgid "csv"
msgstr "csv"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1215
msgid ""
"The :mod:`csv` module now supports a new dialect, :class:`~csv."
"unix_dialect`, which applies quoting for all fields and a traditional Unix "
"style with ``'\\n'`` as the line terminator.  The registered dialect name is "
"``unix``."
msgstr ""
":mod:`csv` モジュールは新たな方言 :class:`~csv.unix_dialect` をサポートしまし"
"た。\n"
"この方言は全フィールドをクォートし、行末を伝統的な Unix 形式の ``'\\n'`` にし"
"ます。\n"
"登録された方言名は ``unix`` です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1219
msgid ""
"The :class:`csv.DictWriter` has a new method, :meth:`~csv.DictWriter."
"writeheader` for writing-out an initial row to document the field names::"
msgstr ""
":class:`csv.DictWriter` に新たなメソッド :meth:`~csv.DictWriter.writeheader` "
"が追加されました。\n"
"最初の列をドキュメントのフィールド名に書き出すのに使用します::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1223
msgid ""
">>> import csv, sys\n"
">>> w = csv.DictWriter(sys.stdout, ['name', 'dept'], dialect='unix')\n"
">>> w.writeheader()\n"
"\"name\",\"dept\"\n"
">>> w.writerows([\n"
"...     {'name': 'tom', 'dept': 'accounting'},\n"
"...     {'name': 'susan', 'dept': 'Salesl'}])\n"
"\"tom\",\"accounting\"\n"
"\"susan\",\"sales\""
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1233
msgid ""
"(New dialect suggested by Jay Talbot in :issue:`5975`, and the new method "
"suggested by Ed Abraham in :issue:`1537721`.)"
msgstr ""
"(New dialect suggested by Jay Talbot in :issue:`5975`, and the new method "
"suggested by Ed Abraham in :issue:`1537721`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1237
msgid "contextlib"
msgstr "contextlib"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1239
msgid ""
"There is a new and slightly mind-blowing tool :class:`~contextlib."
"ContextDecorator` that is helpful for creating a :term:`context manager` "
"that does double duty as a function decorator."
msgstr ""
"新しく追加され、そして少しばかりハートを揺さぶるツール :class:`~contextlib."
"ContextDecorator` は、関数デコレータとしての任務も果たす :term:`context "
"manager` を作るのに役立つものです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1243
msgid ""
"As a convenience, this new functionality is used by :func:`~contextlib."
"contextmanager` so that no extra effort is needed to support both roles."
msgstr ""
"利便性のためにこの新機能は :func:`~contextlib.contextmanager` で使われている"
"ので、両方の役割をサポートするのにことさら労力は要しません。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1247
msgid ""
"The basic idea is that both context managers and function decorators can be "
"used for pre-action and post-action wrappers.  Context managers wrap a group "
"of statements using a :keyword:`with` statement, and function decorators "
"wrap a group of statements enclosed in a function.  So, occasionally there "
"is a need to write a pre-action or post-action wrapper that can be used in "
"either role."
msgstr ""
"基本的なアイディアは、コンテキストマネージャも関数デコレータも、ともに事前ア"
"クション・事後アクションラッパーとして使うことが出来るというものです。コンテ"
"キストマネージャは :keyword:`with` 文を使ったステートメント (文) のグループを"
"包みますし、関数デコレータは関数に取り囲まれたステートメントのグループを包み"
"ます。そうです、どちらかの役割で使える事前アクションあるいは事後アクション"
"ラッパーを書く必要性は、しばしば起こることです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1253
msgid ""
"For example, it is sometimes useful to wrap functions or groups of "
"statements with a logger that can track the time of entry and time of exit.  "
"Rather than writing both a function decorator and a context manager for the "
"task, the :func:`~contextlib.contextmanager` provides both capabilities in a "
"single definition::"
msgstr ""
"たとえば関数やステートメントのグループをロガーで包んで、開始時刻と終了時刻を"
"追跡できるようにするとしばしば便利です。このタスクをこなすために関数デコレー"
"タとコンテキストマネージャの両方を書く代わりに、 :func:`~contextlib."
"contextmanager` が単一の定義に両方の能力をもたらしてくれます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1259
msgid ""
"from contextlib import contextmanager\n"
"import logging\n"
"\n"
"logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)\n"
"\n"
"@contextmanager\n"
"def track_entry_and_exit(name):\n"
"    logging.info('Entering: %s', name)\n"
"    yield\n"
"    logging.info('Exiting: %s', name)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1270
msgid "Formerly, this would have only been usable as a context manager::"
msgstr ""
"ContextDecorator が使われる前の 3.1 までの :func:`~contextlib."
"contextmanager` では、これはコンテキストマネージャとして使えるだけでした::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1272
msgid ""
"with track_entry_and_exit('widget loader'):\n"
"    print('Some time consuming activity goes here')\n"
"    load_widget()"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1276
msgid "Now, it can be used as a decorator as well::"
msgstr "今ではこれはデコレータとしても使えます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1278
msgid ""
"@track_entry_and_exit('widget loader')\n"
"def activity():\n"
"    print('Some time consuming activity goes here')\n"
"    load_widget()"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1283
msgid ""
"Trying to fulfill two roles at once places some limitations on the "
"technique. Context managers normally have the flexibility to return an "
"argument usable by a :keyword:`with` statement, but there is no parallel for "
"function decorators."
msgstr ""
"一つの場所に二重の責務を持たせることには普通ある種の制約を持ち込みます。コン"
"テキストマネージャには普通は :keyword:`with` 文で使える値を返せる柔軟性を持ち"
"ますが、関数デコレータにはそれに匹敵するものはありません。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1287
msgid ""
"In the above example, there is not a clean way for the "
"*track_entry_and_exit* context manager to return a logging instance for use "
"in the body of enclosed statements."
msgstr ""
"上の例の場合は、*track_entry_and_exit* コンテキストマネージャが、取り囲まれた"
"ステートメント本体で使えるロギングのインスタンスを返す綺麗な方法はありませ"
"ん。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1291
msgid "(Contributed by Michael Foord in :issue:`9110`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Michael Foord in :issue:`9110`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1294
msgid "decimal and fractions"
msgstr "decimal と fractions"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1296
msgid ""
"Mark Dickinson crafted an elegant and efficient scheme for assuring that "
"different numeric datatypes will have the same hash value whenever their "
"actual values are equal (:issue:`8188`)::"
msgstr ""
"Mark Dickinson は、異なる数値データの型が実際の値が等しい場合は常に同じハッ"
"シュ値を持つことを保証する、エレガントで効率的なスキームを作り上げました (:"
"issue:`8188`)::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1300
msgid ""
"assert hash(Fraction(3, 2)) == hash(1.5) == \\\n"
"       hash(Decimal(\"1.5\")) == hash(complex(1.5, 0))"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1303
msgid ""
"Some of the hashing details are exposed through a new attribute, :data:`sys."
"hash_info`, which describes the bit width of the hash value, the prime "
"modulus, the hash values for *infinity* and *nan*, and the multiplier used "
"for the imaginary part of a number:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1311
msgid ""
"An early decision to limit the interoperability of various numeric types has "
"been relaxed.  It is still unsupported (and ill-advised) to have implicit "
"mixing in arithmetic expressions such as ``Decimal('1.1') + float('1.1')`` "
"because the latter loses information in the process of constructing the "
"binary float.  However, since existing floating-point value can be converted "
"losslessly to either a decimal or rational representation, it makes sense to "
"add them to the constructor and to support mixed-type comparisons."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1319
msgid ""
"The :class:`decimal.Decimal` constructor now accepts :class:`float` objects "
"directly so there in no longer a need to use the :meth:`~decimal.Decimal."
"from_float` method (:issue:`8257`)."
msgstr ""
":class:`decimal.Decimal` コンストラクタに :class:`float` オブジェクトを直接渡"
"せるようになりました。これにより :meth:`~decimal.Decimal.from_float` メソッド"
"を使う必要はなくなりました (:issue:`8257`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1323
msgid ""
"Mixed type comparisons are now fully supported so that :class:`~decimal."
"Decimal` objects can be directly compared with :class:`float` and :class:"
"`fractions.Fraction` (:issue:`2531` and :issue:`8188`)."
msgstr ""
"型違いの比較はいまでは完全にサポートされたので、 :class:`~decimal.Decimal` オ"
"ブジェクトを直接 :class:`float` や :class:`fractions.Fraction` と比較出来ま"
"す (:issue:`2531` and :issue:`8188`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1327
msgid ""
"Similar changes were made to :class:`fractions.Fraction` so that the :meth:"
"`~fractions.Fraction.from_float` and :meth:`~fractions.Fraction."
"from_decimal` methods are no longer needed (:issue:`8294`):"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1338
msgid ""
"Another useful change for the :mod:`decimal` module is that the :attr:"
"`Context.clamp <decimal.Context.clamp>` attribute is now public.  This is "
"useful in creating contexts that correspond to the decimal interchange "
"formats specified in IEEE 754 (see :issue:`8540`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1343
msgid "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson and Raymond Hettinger.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Mark Dickinson and Raymond Hettinger.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1346
msgid "ftp"
msgstr "ftp"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1348
msgid ""
"The :class:`ftplib.FTP` class now supports the context management protocol "
"to unconditionally consume :exc:`socket.error` exceptions and to close the "
"FTP connection when done::"
msgstr ""
":class:`ftplib.FTP` クラスがコンテキスト管理プロトコルをサポートするようにな"
"りました。with ブロックを抜ける際に無条件に FTP 接続をクローズします (クロー"
"ズ処理で発生する :exc:`socket.error` は無視されます)。::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1352
msgid ""
">>> from ftplib import FTP\n"
">>> with FTP(\"ftp1.at.proftpd.org\") as ftp:\n"
"        ftp.login()\n"
"        ftp.dir()\n"
"\n"
"'230 Anonymous login ok, restrictions apply.'\n"
"dr-xr-xr-x   9 ftp      ftp           154 May  6 10:43 .\n"
"dr-xr-xr-x   9 ftp      ftp           154 May  6 10:43 ..\n"
"dr-xr-xr-x   5 ftp      ftp          4096 May  6 10:43 CentOS\n"
"dr-xr-xr-x   3 ftp      ftp            18 Jul 10  2008 Fedora"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1363
msgid ""
"Other file-like objects such as :class:`mmap.mmap` and :func:`fileinput."
"input` also grew auto-closing context managers::"
msgstr ""
"ちなみに :class:`mmap.mmap` や :func:`fileinput.input`  のようなほかのファイ"
"ルライクなオブジェクトも自動クローズするコンテキスト管理プロトコルをサポート"
"するようになっていたりします::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1366
msgid ""
"with fileinput.input(files=('log1.txt', 'log2.txt')) as f:\n"
"    for line in f:\n"
"        process(line)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1370
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Tarek Ziadé and Giampaolo Rodolà in :issue:`4972`, and by "
"Georg Brandl in :issue:`8046` and :issue:`1286`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Tarek Ziadé and Giampaolo Rodolà in :issue:`4972`, and by "
"Georg Brandl in :issue:`8046` and :issue:`1286`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1373
msgid ""
"The :class:`~ftplib.FTP_TLS` class now accepts a *context* parameter, which "
"is a :class:`ssl.SSLContext` object allowing bundling SSL configuration "
"options, certificates and private keys into a single (potentially long-"
"lived) structure."
msgstr ""
":class:`~ftplib.FTP_TLS` クラスが *context* パラメータを受け取れるようになり"
"ました。これには :class:`ssl.SSLContext` オブジェクトを渡します。これは SSL "
"コンフィグレーションオプション、証明書、秘密鍵を単一の (たぶん長生きの) 構造"
"にまとめあげてくれるものです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1377
msgid "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`8806`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`8806`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1380
msgid "popen"
msgstr "popen"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1382
msgid ""
"The :func:`os.popen` and :func:`subprocess.Popen` functions now support :"
"keyword:`with` statements for auto-closing of the file descriptors."
msgstr ""
":func:`os.popen` ならびに :func:`subprocess.Popen` 関数が自動的にファイル記述"
"子を閉じる :keyword:`with` 文をサポートしました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1385
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou and Brian Curtin in :issue:`7461` and :issue:"
"`10554`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou and Brian Curtin in :issue:`7461` and :issue:"
"`10554`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1389
msgid "select"
msgstr "select"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1391
msgid ""
"The :mod:`select` module now exposes a new, constant attribute, :const:"
"`~select.PIPE_BUF`, which gives the minimum number of bytes which are "
"guaranteed not to block when :func:`select.select` says a pipe is ready for "
"writing."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1400
msgid "(Available on Unix systems. Patch by Sébastien Sablé in :issue:`9862`)"
msgstr "(Available on Unix systems. Patch by Sébastien Sablé in :issue:`9862`)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1403
msgid "gzip and zipfile"
msgstr "gzip と zipfile"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1405
msgid ""
":class:`gzip.GzipFile` now implements the :class:`io.BufferedIOBase` :term:"
"`abstract base class` (except for ``truncate()``).  It also has a :meth:"
"`~gzip.GzipFile.peek` method and supports unseekable as well as zero-padded "
"file objects."
msgstr ""
":class:`gzip.GzipFile` が :class:`io.BufferedIOBase` :term:`抽象基底クラス "
"<abstract base class>` を継承しました (``truncate()`` をのぞく)。\n"
":meth:`~gzip.GzipFile.peek` メソッドが追加され、シーク不能なファイルオブジェ"
"クトならびにゼロ埋めされたファイルオブジェクトをサポートしました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1410
msgid ""
"The :mod:`gzip` module also gains the :func:`~gzip.compress` and :func:"
"`~gzip.decompress` functions for easier in-memory compression and "
"decompression.  Keep in mind that text needs to be encoded as :class:`bytes` "
"before compressing and decompressing:"
msgstr ""
"また、:mod:`gzip` モジュールにより簡便でインメモリな圧縮および解凍を行う  :"
"func:`~gzip.compress` ならびに :func:`~gzip.decompress` 関数が追加されまし"
"た。\n"
"圧縮や解凍の前に :class:`bytes` としてエンコードしなければならない点に注意し"
"てください:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1427
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Anand B. Pillai in :issue:`3488`; and by Antoine Pitrou, Nir "
"Aides and Brian Curtin in :issue:`9962`, :issue:`1675951`, :issue:`7471` "
"and :issue:`2846`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Anand B. Pillai in :issue:`3488`; and by Antoine Pitrou, Nir "
"Aides and Brian Curtin in :issue:`9962`, :issue:`1675951`, :issue:`7471` "
"and :issue:`2846`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1431
msgid ""
"Also, the :class:`zipfile.ZipExtFile <zipfile.ZipFile.open>` class was "
"reworked internally to represent files stored inside an archive.  The new "
"implementation is significantly faster and can be wrapped in an :class:`io."
"BufferedReader` object for more speedups.  It also solves an issue where "
"interleaved calls to *read* and *readline* gave the wrong results."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1437
msgid "(Patch submitted by Nir Aides in :issue:`7610`.)"
msgstr "(Patch submitted by Nir Aides in :issue:`7610`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1440
msgid "tarfile"
msgstr "tarfile"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1442
msgid ""
"The :class:`~tarfile.TarFile` class can now be used as a context manager.  "
"In addition, its :meth:`~tarfile.TarFile.add` method has a new option, "
"*filter*, that controls which files are added to the archive and allows the "
"file metadata to be edited."
msgstr ""
":class:`~tarfile.TarFile` クラスは今ではコンテキストマネージャとして使えま"
"す。加えて、その :meth:`~tarfile.TarFile.add` メソッドに新しいオプション "
"*filter* が追加されました。これはファイルをアーカイブに追加するかどうかを制御"
"し、また、ファイルのメタデータを編集するのにも使えます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1447
msgid ""
"The new *filter* option replaces the older, less flexible *exclude* "
"parameter which is now deprecated.  If specified, the optional *filter* "
"parameter needs to be a :term:`keyword argument`.  The user-supplied filter "
"function accepts a :class:`~tarfile.TarInfo` object and returns an updated :"
"class:`~tarfile.TarInfo` object, or if it wants the file to be excluded, the "
"function can return ``None``::"
msgstr ""
"*filter* オプションは古くて柔軟性に欠ける *exclude* パラメータを置き換えるも"
"のであり、 *exclude* は非推奨となりました。 *filter* を指定する場合は :term:"
"`keyword argument` として渡さなければなりません。ユーザ指定の filter 関数は :"
"class:`~tarfile.TarInfo` オブジェクトを受け取り、更新した :class:`~tarfile."
"TarInfo` オブジェクトを返すか、あるいはアーカイブから除外したければ ``None`` "
"を返してください。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1454
msgid ""
">>> import tarfile, glob\n"
"\n"
">>> def myfilter(tarinfo):\n"
"...     if tarinfo.isfile():             # only save real files\n"
"...         tarinfo.uname = 'monty'      # redact the user name\n"
"...         return tarinfo\n"
"\n"
">>> with tarfile.open(name='myarchive.tar.gz', mode='w:gz') as tf:\n"
"...     for filename in glob.glob('*.txt'):\n"
"...         tf.add(filename, filter=myfilter)\n"
"...     tf.list()\n"
"-rw-r--r-- monty/501        902 2011-01-26 17:59:11 annotations.txt\n"
"-rw-r--r-- monty/501        123 2011-01-26 17:59:11 general_questions.txt\n"
"-rw-r--r-- monty/501       3514 2011-01-26 17:59:11 prion.txt\n"
"-rw-r--r-- monty/501        124 2011-01-26 17:59:11 py_todo.txt\n"
"-rw-r--r-- monty/501       1399 2011-01-26 17:59:11 semaphore_notes.txt"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1471
msgid ""
"(Proposed by Tarek Ziadé and implemented by Lars Gustäbel in :issue:`6856`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Proposed by Tarek Ziadé and implemented by Lars Gustäbel in :issue:`6856`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1474
msgid "hashlib"
msgstr "hashlib"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1476
msgid ""
"The :mod:`hashlib` module has two new constant attributes listing the "
"hashing algorithms guaranteed to be present in all implementations and those "
"available on the current implementation::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`hashlib` モジュールに、2 つの定数属性が追加されました。全ての実装で利用"
"可能であることが保障されているハッシュアルゴリズムのリストと、現在の実装で利"
"用可能なそれらリストの 2 つです::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1480
msgid ""
">>> import hashlib\n"
"\n"
">>> hashlib.algorithms_guaranteed\n"
"{'sha1', 'sha224', 'sha384', 'sha256', 'sha512', 'md5'}\n"
"\n"
">>> hashlib.algorithms_available\n"
"{'md2', 'SHA256', 'SHA512', 'dsaWithSHA', 'mdc2', 'SHA224', 'MD4', "
"'sha256',\n"
"'sha512', 'ripemd160', 'SHA1', 'MDC2', 'SHA', 'SHA384', 'MD2',\n"
"'ecdsa-with-SHA1','md4', 'md5', 'sha1', 'DSA-SHA', 'sha224',\n"
"'dsaEncryption', 'DSA', 'RIPEMD160', 'sha', 'MD5', 'sha384'}"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1491
msgid "(Suggested by Carl Chenet in :issue:`7418`.)"
msgstr "(Suggested by Carl Chenet in :issue:`7418`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1494
msgid "ast"
msgstr "ast"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1496
msgid ""
"The :mod:`ast` module has a wonderful a general-purpose tool for safely "
"evaluating expression strings using the Python literal syntax.  The :func:"
"`ast.literal_eval` function serves as a secure alternative to the builtin :"
"func:`eval` function which is easily abused.  Python 3.2 adds :class:`bytes` "
"and :class:`set` literals to the list of supported types: strings, bytes, "
"numbers, tuples, lists, dicts, sets, booleans, and ``None``."
msgstr ""
":mod:`ast` モジュールには、Python リテラル構文を使った式文字列を安全に評価で"
"きる、汎用目的の素晴らしい道具が含まれています。その :func:`ast."
"literal_eval` 関数は、悪用されやすい組み込み関数 :func:`eval` の安全な代替品"
"として働いてくれます。Python 3.2 はこれのサポート型に :class:`bytes` と :"
"class:`set` を加えました。結果サポートする型は全部でこれらになりました: 文字"
"列型、バイト列文字列型、数値型、タプル型、リスト型、辞書型、集合型、真偽値"
"型、``None``。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1505
msgid ""
">>> from ast import literal_eval\n"
"\n"
">>> request = \"{'req': 3, 'func': 'pow', 'args': (2, 0.5)}\"\n"
">>> literal_eval(request)\n"
"{'args': (2, 0.5), 'req': 3, 'func': 'pow'}\n"
"\n"
">>> request = \"os.system('do something harmful')\"\n"
">>> literal_eval(request)\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"ValueError: malformed node or string: <_ast.Call object at 0x101739a10>"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1517
msgid "(Implemented by Benjamin Peterson and Georg Brandl.)"
msgstr "(Implemented by Benjamin Peterson and Georg Brandl.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1520
msgid "os"
msgstr "os"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1522
msgid ""
"Different operating systems use various encodings for filenames and "
"environment variables.  The :mod:`os` module provides two new functions, :"
"func:`~os.fsencode` and :func:`~os.fsdecode`, for encoding and decoding "
"filenames:"
msgstr ""
"ファイル名と環境変数に使われるエンコーディングは OS ごとに様々です。 :mod:"
"`os` モジュールは新たに 2 つの関数 :func:`~os.fsencode` と :func:`~os."
"fsdecode` を追加しました。それぞれファイル名のエンコード、デコードを行います:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1532
msgid ""
"Some operating systems allow direct access to encoded bytes in the "
"environment.  If so, the :const:`os.supports_bytes_environ` constant will be "
"true."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1536
msgid ""
"For direct access to encoded environment variables (if available), use the "
"new :func:`os.getenvb` function or use :data:`os.environb` which is a bytes "
"version of :data:`os.environ`."
msgstr ""
"エンコードされた環境変数への直接アクセス (可能な場合) には、新規関数 :func:"
"`os.getenvb` または :data:`os.environb` を使ってください。これは :data:`os."
"environ` のバイト列バージョンです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1540
msgid "(Contributed by Victor Stinner.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Victor Stinner.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1543
msgid "shutil"
msgstr "shutil"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1545
msgid "The :func:`shutil.copytree` function has two new options:"
msgstr ":func:`shutil.copytree` 関数に新たに 2 つのオプションが追加されました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1547
msgid ""
"*ignore_dangling_symlinks*: when ``symlinks=False`` so that the function "
"copies a file pointed to by a symlink, not the symlink itself. This option "
"will silence the error raised if the file doesn't exist."
msgstr ""
"*ignore_dangling_symlinks*: ``symlinks=False`` とするとこの関数は、ファイルが"
"シンボリックリンクだった場合にリンクそのものではなくそれが指しているファイル"
"をコピーします。 *ignore_dangling_symlinks* を真にすると、そのファイルが存在"
"しない場合のエラーを無視します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1551
msgid ""
"*copy_function*: is a callable that will be used to copy files. :func:"
"`shutil.copy2` is used by default."
msgstr ""
"*copy_function*: これはファイルをコピーするのに使われる呼び出し可能オブジェク"
"トです。デフォルトでは :func:`shutil.copy2` が使われます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1554 ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1592
msgid "(Contributed by Tarek Ziadé.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Tarek Ziadé.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1556
msgid ""
"In addition, the :mod:`shutil` module now supports :ref:`archiving "
"operations <archiving-operations>` for zipfiles, uncompressed tarfiles, "
"gzipped tarfiles, and bzipped tarfiles.  And there are functions for "
"registering additional archiving file formats (such as xz compressed "
"tarfiles or custom formats)."
msgstr ""
"これらに加え、 :mod:`shutil` モジュールは ZIP ファイル、未圧縮の tar ファイ"
"ル、gzip 圧縮の tar、 bzip 圧縮の tar のための :ref:`archiving operations "
"<archiving-operations>` を新たにサポートします。また、追加のアーカイブファイ"
"ルフォーマットを登録する関数もあります (例えば xz 圧縮の tar やカスタムフォー"
"マット)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1561
msgid ""
"The principal functions are :func:`~shutil.make_archive` and :func:`~shutil."
"unpack_archive`.  By default, both operate on the current directory (which "
"can be set by :func:`os.chdir`) and on any sub-directories. The archive "
"filename needs to be specified with a full pathname.  The archiving step is "
"non-destructive (the original files are left unchanged)."
msgstr ""
"そのメインとなるのが :func:`~shutil.make_archive` と :func:`~shutil."
"unpack_archive` です。デフォルトではカレントディレクトリ (:func:`os.chdir` で"
"変えれます) とそのサブディレクトリの両方を処理します。アーカイブファイル名は"
"フルパス名で指定しなければなりません(訳注: これの真偽不明。リファレンスに対応"
"する記述なし)。アーカイブするステップは非破壊的です (つまりオリジナルのファイ"
"ルは変更されずにそのままにされます)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1569
msgid ""
">>> import shutil, pprint\n"
"\n"
">>> os.chdir('mydata')  # change to the source directory\n"
">>> f = shutil.make_archive('/var/backup/mydata',\n"
"...                         'zip')      # archive the current directory\n"
">>> f                                   # show the name of archive\n"
"'/var/backup/mydata.zip'\n"
">>> os.chdir('tmp')                     # change to an unpacking\n"
">>> shutil.unpack_archive('/var/backup/mydata.zip')  # recover the data\n"
"\n"
">>> pprint.pprint(shutil.get_archive_formats())  # display known formats\n"
"[('bztar', \"bzip2'ed tar-file\"),\n"
" ('gztar', \"gzip'ed tar-file\"),\n"
" ('tar', 'uncompressed tar file'),\n"
" ('zip', 'ZIP file')]\n"
"\n"
">>> shutil.register_archive_format(     # register a new archive format\n"
"...     name='xz',\n"
"...     function=xz.compress,           # callable archiving function\n"
"...     extra_args=[('level', 8)],      # arguments to the function\n"
"...     description='xz compression'\n"
"... )"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1595
msgid "sqlite3"
msgstr "sqlite3"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1597
msgid ""
"The :mod:`sqlite3` module was updated to pysqlite version 2.6.0.  It has two "
"new capabilities."
msgstr ""
":mod:`sqlite3` モジュールが pysqlite バージョン 2.6.0 に更新されました。これ"
"には 2 つの新機能があります。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1599
msgid ""
"The :attr:`!sqlite3.Connection.in_transit` attribute is true if there is an "
"active transaction for uncommitted changes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1602
msgid ""
"The :meth:`sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension` and :meth:`sqlite3."
"Connection.load_extension` methods allows you to load SQLite extensions from "
"\".so\" files.  One well-known extension is the fulltext-search extension "
"distributed with SQLite."
msgstr ""
":meth:`sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension` メソッドと :meth:`sqlite3."
"Connection.load_extension` メソッドにより \".so\" ファイルから SQLite 拡張を"
"ロードできます。良く知られた拡張の一つとして、SQLite と一緒に配布されている全"
"文検索拡張があります。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1607
msgid "(Contributed by R. David Murray and Shashwat Anand; :issue:`8845`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by R. David Murray and Shashwat Anand; :issue:`8845`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1610
msgid "html"
msgstr "html"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1612
msgid ""
"A new :mod:`html` module was introduced with only a single function, :func:"
"`~html.escape`, which is used for escaping reserved characters from HTML "
"markup:"
msgstr ""
"ただ一つの関数 :func:`~html.escape` が提供される、新しい :mod:`html` モジュー"
"ルが導入されました。これは HTML マークアップから予約されている文字をエスケー"
"プするのに使います:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1621
msgid "socket"
msgstr "socket"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1623
msgid "The :mod:`socket` module has two new improvements."
msgstr ":mod:`socket` モジュールに新たに二つの改善がありました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1625
msgid ""
"Socket objects now have a :meth:`~socket.socket.detach` method which puts "
"the socket into closed state without actually closing the underlying file "
"descriptor.  The latter can then be reused for other purposes. (Added by "
"Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`8524`.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1630
msgid ""
":func:`socket.create_connection` now supports the context management "
"protocol to unconditionally consume :exc:`socket.error` exceptions and to "
"close the socket when done. (Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`9794`.)"
msgstr ""
":func:`socket.create_connection` がコンテキスト管理プロトコルをサポートするよ"
"うになりました。with ブロックを抜ける際に無条件にソケットをクローズします (ク"
"ローズ処理で発生する :exc:`socket.error` は無視されます)。 (Contributed by "
"Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`9794`.) (---訳注: リファレンスもそうなのですが、"
"「 :func:`socket.create_connection` が with をサポート」というのは実態とは違"
"うんじゃないかと思います(この関数のユーザからは同じにみえたとしても)。実際に"
"は :class:`socket.socket` がコンテキストマネージャをサポートしています。 "
"`socket.py <https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/3.2/Lib/socket.py>`_ 参照。--)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1636
msgid "ssl"
msgstr "ssl"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1638
msgid ""
"The :mod:`ssl` module added a number of features to satisfy common "
"requirements for secure (encrypted, authenticated) internet connections:"
msgstr ""
":mod:`ssl` モジュールは、セキュアな (暗号化され、認証された) インターネット接"
"続のために共通の要求を満足するための数多くの機能を追加しています:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1641
msgid ""
"A new class, :class:`~ssl.SSLContext`, serves as a container for persistent "
"SSL data, such as protocol settings, certificates, private keys, and various "
"other options. It includes a :meth:`~ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket` for "
"creating an SSL socket from an SSL context."
msgstr ""
"新規クラス :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` は、プロトコル設定や証明書、秘密鍵やその"
"た色々なオプションのような、永続的 SSL データの容器として働きます。その中のメ"
"ソッド :meth:`~ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket` を使うと、 SSL コンテキストから "
"SSL ソケットを作れます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1646
msgid ""
"A new function, :func:`!ssl.match_hostname`, supports server identity "
"verification for higher-level protocols by implementing the rules of HTTPS "
"(from :rfc:`2818`) which are also suitable for other protocols."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1650
msgid ""
"The :func:`ssl.wrap_socket() <ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket>` constructor "
"function now takes a *ciphers* argument.  The *ciphers* string lists the "
"allowed encryption algorithms using the format described in the `OpenSSL "
"documentation <https://docs.openssl.org/1.0.2/man1/ciphers/#cipher-list-"
"format>`__."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1655
msgid ""
"When linked against recent versions of OpenSSL, the :mod:`ssl` module now "
"supports the Server Name Indication extension to the TLS protocol, allowing "
"multiple \"virtual hosts\" using different certificates on a single IP port. "
"This extension is only supported in client mode, and is activated by passing "
"the *server_hostname* argument to :meth:`ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket`."
msgstr ""
"最新版の OpenSSL にリンクしていれば、 :mod:`ssl` モジュールは TLS プロトコル"
"に対する Server Name Indication 拡張 (訳注: SNI, :rfc:`4366`) をサポートしま"
"す。これは単一の IP ポートで異なった証明書を使った複数「バーチャルホスト」を"
"もたらすものです。この拡張はクライアントモードでのみサポートされ、 :meth:"
"`ssl.SSLContext.wrap_socket` の *server_hostname* を渡すことで活性化されま"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1661
msgid ""
"Various options have been added to the :mod:`ssl` module, such as :data:"
"`~ssl.OP_NO_SSLv2` which disables the insecure and obsolete SSLv2 protocol."
msgstr ""
":mod:`ssl` モジュールに色々オプションが追加されました。例えば :data:`~ssl."
"OP_NO_SSLv2` は安全でなく時代遅れの SSLv2 を無効にします。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1665
msgid ""
"The extension now loads all the OpenSSL ciphers and digest algorithms.  If "
"some SSL certificates cannot be verified, they are reported as an \"unknown "
"algorithm\" error."
msgstr ""
"拡張はOpenSSL の全ての暗号とメッセージダイジェストアルゴリズムをロードしま"
"す。SSL 証明書の中に検証できないものがある場合、\"unknown algorithm\" エラー"
"を報告します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1669
msgid ""
"The version of OpenSSL being used is now accessible using the module "
"attributes :const:`ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION` (a string), :const:`ssl."
"OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO` (a 5-tuple), and :const:`ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER` "
"(an integer)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1674
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`8850`, :issue:`1589`, :issue:"
"`8322`, :issue:`5639`, :issue:`4870`, :issue:`8484`, and :issue:`8321`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`8850`, :issue:`1589`, :issue:"
"`8322`, :issue:`5639`, :issue:`4870`, :issue:`8484`, and :issue:`8321`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1678
msgid "nntp"
msgstr "nntp"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1680
msgid ""
"The :mod:`!nntplib` module has a revamped implementation with better bytes "
"and text semantics as well as more practical APIs.  These improvements break "
"compatibility with the nntplib version in Python 3.1, which was partly "
"dysfunctional in itself."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1685
msgid ""
"Support for secure connections through both implicit (using :class:`!nntplib."
"NNTP_SSL`) and explicit (using :meth:`!nntplib.NNTP.starttls`) TLS has also "
"been added."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1689
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`9360` and Andrew Vant in :issue:"
"`1926`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`9360` and Andrew Vant in :issue:"
"`1926`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1692
msgid "certificates"
msgstr "certificates"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1694
msgid ""
":class:`http.client.HTTPSConnection`, :class:`urllib.request.HTTPSHandler` "
"and :func:`urllib.request.urlopen` now take optional arguments to allow for "
"server certificate checking against a set of Certificate Authorities, as "
"recommended in public uses of HTTPS."
msgstr ""
":class:`http.client.HTTPSConnection`, :class:`urllib.request.HTTPSHandler` :"
"func:`urllib.request.urlopen` はサーバ証明書を証明書認証局 (Certification "
"Authority (CA)) セットと照合するためのオプショナル引数を取るようになりまし"
"た。これは HTTPS の公共利用で推奨されるものです。(---訳注: これは "
"*check_hostname* パラメータのことを指していますが、3.4.3 でこれの扱いが変わっ"
"ているのでリファレンスを注意深く読んで下さい。--)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1699
msgid "(Added by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`9003`.)"
msgstr "(Added by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`9003`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1702
msgid "imaplib"
msgstr "imaplib"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1704
msgid ""
"Support for explicit TLS on standard IMAP4 connections has been added "
"through the new :mod:`imaplib.IMAP4.starttls` method."
msgstr ""
"標準 IMAP4 接続での明示的な TLS 使用を新規メソッド :mod:`imaplib.IMAP4."
"starttls` で出来るようになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1707
msgid "(Contributed by Lorenzo M. Catucci and Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`4471`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Lorenzo M. Catucci and Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`4471`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1710
msgid "http.client"
msgstr "http.client"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1712
msgid ""
"There were a number of small API improvements in the :mod:`http.client` "
"module. The old-style HTTP 0.9 simple responses are no longer supported and "
"the *strict* parameter is deprecated in all classes."
msgstr ""
":mod:`http.client` モジュールに数多くの小さな API 改善がなされています。旧式 "
"HTTP 0.9 の単純な応答 (HTTP 0.9 simple responses) はもうサポートされず、ま"
"た、 *strict* パラメータは全てのクラスで非推奨となりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1716
msgid ""
"The :class:`~http.client.HTTPConnection` and :class:`~http.client."
"HTTPSConnection` classes now have a *source_address* parameter for a (host, "
"port) tuple indicating where the HTTP connection is made from."
msgstr ""
":class:`~http.client.HTTPConnection` クラスと :class:`~http.client."
"HTTPSConnection` クラスが *source_address* パラメータを取るようになりました。"
"これには HTTP(S) 接続の接続元を表す (host, port) のタプルを渡します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1721
msgid ""
"Support for certificate checking and HTTPS virtual hosts were added to :"
"class:`~http.client.HTTPSConnection`."
msgstr ""
":class:`~http.client.HTTPSConnection` に、証明書検証と HTTPS バーチャルホスト"
"のサポートが追加されました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1724
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~http.client.HTTPConnection.request` method on connection objects "
"allowed an optional *body* argument so that a :term:`file object` could be "
"used to supply the content of the request.  Conveniently, the *body* "
"argument now also accepts an :term:`iterable` object so long as it includes "
"an explicit ``Content-Length`` header.  This extended interface is much more "
"flexible than before."
msgstr ""
"接続オブジェクトの :meth:`~http.client.HTTPConnection.request` メソッドのオプ"
"ショナルな *body* 引数には、リクエストのコンテンツを与えるために :term:`file "
"object` を渡すことが出来ました。便利のためにこれに :term:`iterable` も渡すこ"
"とが出来るようになりました。ただしこの場合は明示的に ``Content-Length`` ヘッ"
"ダを加えなければなりません。この拡張されたインターフェイスは以前よりも遥かに"
"柔軟です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1731
msgid ""
"To establish an HTTPS connection through a proxy server, there is a new :"
"meth:`~http.client.HTTPConnection.set_tunnel` method that sets the host and "
"port for HTTP Connect tunneling."
msgstr ""
"プロキシサーバ経由で HTTPS 接続を確立するために、新規メソッド :meth:`~http."
"client.HTTPConnection.set_tunnel` が追加されています。これにより HTTP 接続ト"
"ンネリングのためのホストとポートをセットします。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1735
msgid ""
"To match the behavior of :mod:`http.server`, the HTTP client library now "
"also encodes headers with ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1) encoding.  It was already "
"doing that for incoming headers, so now the behavior is consistent for both "
"incoming and outgoing traffic. (See work by Armin Ronacher in :issue:"
"`10980`.)"
msgstr ""
":mod:`http.server` の振る舞いと合わせ、HTTP クライアントライブラリもヘッダを "
"ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1) エンコーディングでエンコードするようになりました。これは"
"既に incoming (外から来る方) ヘッダに対して行われていますが、今ではこの振る舞"
"いは incoming、outgoing (外へ向かう方) トラフィックの両方で一貫しています (:"
"issue:`10980` 内の Armin Ronacher による仕事を参照)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1741
msgid "unittest"
msgstr "unittest"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1743
msgid ""
"The unittest module has a number of improvements supporting test discovery "
"for packages, easier experimentation at the interactive prompt, new testcase "
"methods, improved diagnostic messages for test failures, and better method "
"names."
msgstr ""
"unittest モジュールに数多くの改善がありました。パッケージに対する test "
"discovery のサポートが追加され、対話プロンプトから実験しやすくなり、新しいメ"
"ソッドが追加され、テスト失敗時の診断メッセージが改善され、そしてメソッド名が"
"より良いものになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1748
msgid ""
"The command-line call ``python -m unittest`` can now accept file paths "
"instead of module names for running specific tests (:issue:`10620`).  The "
"new test discovery can find tests within packages, locating any test "
"importable from the top-level directory.  The top-level directory can be "
"specified with the ``-t`` option, a pattern for matching files with ``-p``, "
"and a directory to start discovery with ``-s``:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1755
msgid "$ python -m unittest discover -s my_proj_dir -p _test.py"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1759 ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1768
#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1924
msgid "(Contributed by Michael Foord.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Michael Foord.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1761
msgid ""
"Experimentation at the interactive prompt is now easier because the :class:"
"`unittest.TestCase` class can now be instantiated without arguments:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1770
msgid ""
"The :mod:`unittest` module has two new methods, :meth:`~unittest.TestCase."
"assertWarns` and :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.assertWarnsRegex` to verify that "
"a given warning type is triggered by the code under test::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`unittest` モジュールは 2 つの新メソッド :meth:`~unittest.TestCase."
"assertWarns` と :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.assertWarnsRegex` を持ちます。これ"
"らはテストのもとでコードによって所与の警告が発行されるかどうかを検証します::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1775
msgid ""
"with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):\n"
"    legacy_function('XYZ')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1778
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`9754`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`9754`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1780
msgid ""
"Another new method, :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.assertCountEqual` is used to "
"compare two iterables to determine if their element counts are equal "
"(whether the same elements are present with the same number of occurrences "
"regardless of order)::"
msgstr ""
"もう一つの新メソッド :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.assertCountEqual` は 2 つのイ"
"テラブルを比較して、要素の出現回数が同じか (順序に関わらず同じ要素が同じ数だ"
"け出現するかどうか) をテストします::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1785
msgid ""
"def test_anagram(self):\n"
"    self.assertCountEqual('algorithm', 'logarithm')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1790
msgid ""
"A principal feature of the unittest module is an effort to produce "
"meaningful diagnostics when a test fails.  When possible, the failure is "
"recorded along with a diff of the output.  This is especially helpful for "
"analyzing log files of failed test runs. However, since diffs can sometime "
"be voluminous, there is a new :attr:`~unittest.TestCase.maxDiff` attribute "
"that sets maximum length of diffs displayed."
msgstr ""
"unittest モジュールの大事な特長は、テスト失敗時の有意義な診断を生成するよう腐"
"心してくれることです。可能ならば失敗は期待値と実際の出力との差分と一緒に記録"
"されます。これは失敗したテスト実行の解析に特に役に立ちますが、差分は時々とて"
"つもなく大きくもなりますので、新たに追加した属性 :attr:`~unittest.TestCase."
"maxDiff` に差分の最大長をセットすることで表示を制御できるようになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1797
msgid ""
"In addition, the method names in the module have undergone a number of clean-"
"ups."
msgstr "さらにモジュールのメソッド名に数多くのクリーンアップを行いました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1799
msgid ""
"For example, :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.assertRegex` is the new name for :"
"meth:`!assertRegexpMatches` which was misnamed because the test uses :func:"
"`re.search`, not :func:`re.match`.  Other methods using regular expressions "
"are now named using short form \"Regex\" in preference to \"Regexp\" -- this "
"matches the names used in other unittest implementations, matches Python's "
"old name for the :mod:`re` module, and it has unambiguous camel-casing."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1807
msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and implemented by Ezio Melotti.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and implemented by Ezio Melotti.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1809
msgid ""
"To improve consistency, some long-standing method aliases are being "
"deprecated in favor of the preferred names:"
msgstr ""
"一貫性を向上させるために、長年使用されたメソッドエイリアスが推奨名に対し非推"
"奨になりました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1813
msgid "Old Name"
msgstr "以前の名前"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1813
msgid "Preferred Name"
msgstr "推奨名"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1815
msgid ":meth:`!assert_`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1815
msgid ":meth:`.assertTrue`"
msgstr ":meth:`.assertTrue`"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1816
msgid ":meth:`!assertEquals`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1816
msgid ":meth:`.assertEqual`"
msgstr ":meth:`.assertEqual`"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1817
msgid ":meth:`!assertNotEquals`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1817
msgid ":meth:`.assertNotEqual`"
msgstr ":meth:`.assertNotEqual`"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1818
msgid ":meth:`!assertAlmostEquals`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1818
msgid ":meth:`.assertAlmostEqual`"
msgstr ":meth:`.assertAlmostEqual`"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1819
msgid ":meth:`!assertNotAlmostEquals`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1819
msgid ":meth:`.assertNotAlmostEqual`"
msgstr ":meth:`.assertNotAlmostEqual`"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1822
msgid ""
"Likewise, the ``TestCase.fail*`` methods deprecated in Python 3.1 are "
"expected to be removed in Python 3.3."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1825
msgid "(Contributed by Ezio Melotti; :issue:`9424`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Ezio Melotti; :issue:`9424`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1827
msgid ""
"The :meth:`!assertDictContainsSubset` method was deprecated because it was "
"misimplemented with the arguments in the wrong order.  This created hard-to-"
"debug optical illusions where tests like ``TestCase()."
"assertDictContainsSubset({'a':1, 'b':2}, {'a':1})`` would fail."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1835
msgid "random"
msgstr "random"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1837
msgid ""
"The integer methods in the :mod:`random` module now do a better job of "
"producing uniform distributions.  Previously, they computed selections with "
"``int(n*random())`` which had a slight bias whenever *n* was not a power of "
"two. Now, multiple selections are made from a range up to the next power of "
"two and a selection is kept only when it falls within the range ``0 <= x < "
"n``.  The functions and methods affected are :func:`~random.randrange`, :"
"func:`~random.randint`, :func:`~random.choice`, :func:`~random.shuffle` and :"
"func:`~random.sample`."
msgstr ""
":mod:`random` モジュールの整数メソッドの一様分布の生成が改善されました。\n"
"以前は ``int(n*random())`` を計算していました。\n"
"この方法では *n* が2の冪乗でない限り僅かにバイアスがあります。\n"
"現在の方法では次の2の冪乗の範囲まで複数の選択肢を作成し、``0 <= x < n`` の範"
"囲に入ったもののみを保持します。\n"
"影響を受ける関数やメソッドは :func:`~random.randrange`、:func:`~random."
"randint`、:func:`~random.choice`、:func:`~random.shuffle` ならびに :func:"
"`~random.sample` です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1846
msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; :issue:`9025`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; :issue:`9025`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1849
msgid "poplib"
msgstr "poplib"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1851
msgid ""
":class:`~poplib.POP3_SSL` class now accepts a *context* parameter, which is "
"a :class:`ssl.SSLContext` object allowing bundling SSL configuration "
"options, certificates and private keys into a single (potentially long-"
"lived) structure."
msgstr ""
":class:`~poplib.POP3_SSL` クラスが *context* パラメータを受け取れるようになり"
"ました。これには :class:`ssl.SSLContext` オブジェクトを渡します。これは SSL "
"コンフィグレーションオプション、証明書、秘密鍵を単一の (たぶん長生きの) 構造"
"にまとめあげてくれるものです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1856
msgid "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`8807`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`8807`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1859
msgid "asyncore"
msgstr "asyncore"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1861
msgid ""
":class:`!asyncore.dispatcher` now provides a :meth:`!handle_accepted` method "
"returning a ``(sock, addr)`` pair which is called when a connection has "
"actually been established with a new remote endpoint. This is supposed to be "
"used as a replacement for old :meth:`!handle_accept` and avoids the user  to "
"call :meth:`!accept` directly."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1868
msgid "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`6706`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà; :issue:`6706`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1871
msgid "tempfile"
msgstr "tempfile"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1873
msgid ""
"The :mod:`tempfile` module has a new context manager, :class:`~tempfile."
"TemporaryDirectory` which provides easy deterministic cleanup of temporary "
"directories::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`tempfile` モジュールに新たなコンテキストマネージャ :class:`~tempfile."
"TemporaryDirectory` が追加されました。一時ディレクトリの確実な後片付けを容易"
"に行えます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1877
msgid ""
"with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:\n"
"    print('created temporary dir:', tmpdirname)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1880
msgid "(Contributed by Neil Schemenauer and Nick Coghlan; :issue:`5178`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Neil Schemenauer and Nick Coghlan; :issue:`5178`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1883
msgid "inspect"
msgstr "inspect"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1885
msgid ""
"The :mod:`inspect` module has a new function :func:`~inspect."
"getgeneratorstate` to easily identify the current state of a generator-"
"iterator::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`inspect` モジュールに新たな関数 :func:`~inspect.getgeneratorstate` が追"
"加されました。これで簡単にジェネレータイテレータの現在状態を識別出来ます (---"
"訳注: generator-iterator という用語を使っている箇所は Python ドキュメント全体"
"通して多くはないのですが 2.x の :ref:`yield` 説明中に登場します。ジェネレータ"
"と同じ意味です。なお getgeneratorstate はジェネレータでないイテレータには使え"
"ません。---)::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1889
msgid ""
">>> from inspect import getgeneratorstate\n"
">>> def gen():\n"
"...     yield 'demo'\n"
"...\n"
">>> g = gen()\n"
">>> getgeneratorstate(g)\n"
"'GEN_CREATED'\n"
">>> next(g)\n"
"'demo'\n"
">>> getgeneratorstate(g)\n"
"'GEN_SUSPENDED'\n"
">>> next(g, None)\n"
">>> getgeneratorstate(g)\n"
"'GEN_CLOSED'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1904
msgid "(Contributed by Rodolpho Eckhardt and Nick Coghlan, :issue:`10220`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Rodolpho Eckhardt and Nick Coghlan, :issue:`10220`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1906
msgid ""
"To support lookups without the possibility of activating a dynamic "
"attribute, the :mod:`inspect` module has a new function, :func:`~inspect."
"getattr_static`. Unlike :func:`hasattr`, this is a true read-only search, "
"guaranteed not to change state while it is searching::"
msgstr ""
"動的な属性を活性化することなく検索するのをサポートするために、 :mod:"
"`inspect` モジュールに :func:`~inspect.getattr_static` 関数が追加されまし"
"た。 :func:`hasattr` とは違ってこれは本当に読み出しのみの検索であり、検索中に"
"状態変更しないことが保障されています::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1911
msgid ""
">>> class A:\n"
"...     @property\n"
"...     def f(self):\n"
"...         print('Running')\n"
"...         return 10\n"
"...\n"
">>> a = A()\n"
">>> getattr(a, 'f')\n"
"Running\n"
"10\n"
">>> inspect.getattr_static(a, 'f')\n"
"<property object at 0x1022bd788>"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1927
msgid "pydoc"
msgstr "pydoc"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1929
msgid ""
"The :mod:`pydoc` module now provides a much-improved web server interface, "
"as well as a new command-line option ``-b`` to automatically open a browser "
"window to display that server:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1933
msgid "$ pydoc3.2 -b"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1937
msgid "(Contributed by Ron Adam; :issue:`2001`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Ron Adam; :issue:`2001`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1940
msgid "dis"
msgstr "dis"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1942
msgid ""
"The :mod:`dis` module gained two new functions for inspecting code, :func:"
"`~dis.code_info` and :func:`~dis.show_code`.  Both provide detailed code "
"object information for the supplied function, method, source code string or "
"code object.  The former returns a string and the latter prints it::"
msgstr ""
":mod:`dis` モジュールに、コードを調べるための 2 つの新しい関数 :func:`~dis."
"code_info` と :func:`~dis.show_code` が追加されました。ともに、与えられた関"
"数、メソッド、ソースコード文字列、コードオブジェクトについての詳細なコードオ"
"ブジェクト情報を提供します。前者はそれを文字列で返し、後者は印字します::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1947
msgid ""
">>> import dis, random\n"
">>> dis.show_code(random.choice)\n"
"Name:              choice\n"
"Filename:          /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/lib/"
"python3.2/random.py\n"
"Argument count:    2\n"
"Kw-only arguments: 0\n"
"Number of locals:  3\n"
"Stack size:        11\n"
"Flags:             OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, NOFREE\n"
"Constants:\n"
"   0: 'Choose a random element from a non-empty sequence.'\n"
"   1: 'Cannot choose from an empty sequence'\n"
"Names:\n"
"   0: _randbelow\n"
"   1: len\n"
"   2: ValueError\n"
"   3: IndexError\n"
"Variable names:\n"
"   0: self\n"
"   1: seq\n"
"   2: i"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1969
msgid ""
"In addition, the :func:`~dis.dis` function now accepts string arguments so "
"that the common idiom ``dis(compile(s, '', 'eval'))`` can be shortened to "
"``dis(s)``::"
msgstr ""
"また、 :func:`~dis.dis` 関数が文字列引数を取れるようになり、これによって、よ"
"くあるイディオム ``dis(compile(s, '', 'eval'))`` は ``dis(s)`` で一撃です::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1973
msgid ""
">>> dis('3*x+1 if x%2==1 else x//2')\n"
"  1           0 LOAD_NAME                0 (x)\n"
"              3 LOAD_CONST               0 (2)\n"
"              6 BINARY_MODULO\n"
"              7 LOAD_CONST               1 (1)\n"
"             10 COMPARE_OP               2 (==)\n"
"             13 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE       28\n"
"             16 LOAD_CONST               2 (3)\n"
"             19 LOAD_NAME                0 (x)\n"
"             22 BINARY_MULTIPLY\n"
"             23 LOAD_CONST               1 (1)\n"
"             26 BINARY_ADD\n"
"             27 RETURN_VALUE\n"
"        >>   28 LOAD_NAME                0 (x)\n"
"             31 LOAD_CONST               0 (2)\n"
"             34 BINARY_FLOOR_DIVIDE\n"
"             35 RETURN_VALUE"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1991
msgid ""
"Taken together, these improvements make it easier to explore how CPython is "
"implemented and to see for yourself what the language syntax does under-the-"
"hood."
msgstr ""
"要はこれらによって、CPython がどう実装されているか探索してみたり、言語構文が"
"裏方で何をするのか見てみたりすることがより簡単になったということです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1995
msgid "(Contributed by Nick Coghlan in :issue:`9147`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Nick Coghlan in :issue:`9147`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:1998
msgid "dbm"
msgstr "dbm"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2000
msgid ""
"All database modules now support the :meth:`!get` and :meth:`!setdefault` "
"methods."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2002
msgid "(Suggested by Ray Allen in :issue:`9523`.)"
msgstr "(Suggested by Ray Allen in :issue:`9523`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2005
msgid "ctypes"
msgstr "ctypes"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2007
msgid ""
"A new type, :class:`ctypes.c_ssize_t` represents the C :c:type:`ssize_t` "
"datatype."
msgstr ""
"C :c:type:`ssize_t` データ型を表現する新たな型 :class:`ctypes.c_ssize_t` が追"
"加されました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2010
msgid "site"
msgstr "site"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2012
msgid ""
"The :mod:`site` module has three new functions useful for reporting on the "
"details of a given Python installation."
msgstr ""
":mod:`site` モジュールに、Python インストレーションの詳細を報告するのに有益な"
"3つの新たな関数が追加されました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2015
msgid ""
":func:`~site.getsitepackages` lists all global site-packages directories."
msgstr ""
":func:`~site.getsitepackages` は全てのグローバルな site-packages ディレクトリ"
"を一覧します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2017
msgid ""
":func:`~site.getuserbase` reports on the user's base directory where data "
"can be stored."
msgstr ""
":func:`~site.getuserbase` は、ユーザのデータを格納できるベースディレクトリを"
"報告します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2020
msgid ""
":func:`~site.getusersitepackages` reveals the user-specific site-packages "
"directory path."
msgstr ""
":func:`~site.getusersitepackages` はユーザ固有の site-packages ディレクトリの"
"パスを明らかにします。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2025
msgid ""
">>> import site\n"
">>> site.getsitepackages()\n"
"['/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/lib/python3.2/site-"
"packages',\n"
" '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/lib/site-python',\n"
" '/Library/Python/3.2/site-packages']\n"
">>> site.getuserbase()\n"
"'/Users/raymondhettinger/Library/Python/3.2'\n"
">>> site.getusersitepackages()\n"
"'/Users/raymondhettinger/Library/Python/3.2/lib/python/site-packages'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2035
msgid ""
"Conveniently, some of site's functionality is accessible directly from the "
"command-line:"
msgstr ""
"便宜のために、いくつかの site の機能はコマンドラインから直接アクセス可能です:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2038
msgid ""
"$ python -m site --user-base\n"
"/Users/raymondhettinger/.local\n"
"$ python -m site --user-site\n"
"/Users/raymondhettinger/.local/lib/python3.2/site-packages"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2045
msgid "(Contributed by Tarek Ziadé in :issue:`6693`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Tarek Ziadé in :issue:`6693`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2048
msgid "sysconfig"
msgstr "sysconfig"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2050
msgid ""
"The new :mod:`sysconfig` module makes it straightforward to discover "
"installation paths and configuration variables that vary across platforms "
"and installations."
msgstr ""
"新しい :mod:`sysconfig` モジュールは、プラットフォームやインストレーションご"
"とに変わるインストールパスや環境設定変数への、直接的なアクセスを提供します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2054
msgid ""
"The module offers access simple access functions for platform and version "
"information:"
msgstr ""
"このモジュールはプラットフォームとバージョンの情報へのシンプルなアクセス関数"
"を持っています:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2057
msgid ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_platform` returning values like *linux-i586* or "
"*macosx-10.6-ppc*."
msgstr ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_platform` は *linux-i586* や *macosx-10.6-ppc* といった"
"値を返します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2059
msgid ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_python_version` returns a Python version string such "
"as \"3.2\"."
msgstr ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_python_version` は Python バージョンを文字列で \"3.2\" "
"のように返します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2062
msgid ""
"It also provides access to the paths and variables corresponding to one of "
"seven named schemes used by ``distutils``.  Those include *posix_prefix*, "
"*posix_home*, *posix_user*, *nt*, *nt_user*, *os2*, *os2_home*:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2066
msgid ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_paths` makes a dictionary containing installation "
"paths for the current installation scheme."
msgstr ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_paths` は現在のインストールスキームに関するインストール"
"パスを含むディレクトリ名を作ります。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2068
msgid ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_config_vars` returns a dictionary of platform specific "
"variables."
msgstr ""
":func:`~sysconfig.get_config_vars` はプラットフォーム依存変数の辞書を返しま"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2071
msgid "There is also a convenient command-line interface:"
msgstr "便利なコマンドラインインターフェースもあります:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2073
msgid ""
"C:\\Python32>python -m sysconfig\n"
"Platform: \"win32\"\n"
"Python version: \"3.2\"\n"
"Current installation scheme: \"nt\"\n"
"\n"
"Paths:\n"
"        data = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        include = \"C:\\Python32\\Include\"\n"
"        platinclude = \"C:\\Python32\\Include\"\n"
"        platlib = \"C:\\Python32\\Lib\\site-packages\"\n"
"        platstdlib = \"C:\\Python32\\Lib\"\n"
"        purelib = \"C:\\Python32\\Lib\\site-packages\"\n"
"        scripts = \"C:\\Python32\\Scripts\"\n"
"        stdlib = \"C:\\Python32\\Lib\"\n"
"\n"
"Variables:\n"
"        BINDIR = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        BINLIBDEST = \"C:\\Python32\\Lib\"\n"
"        EXE = \".exe\"\n"
"        INCLUDEPY = \"C:\\Python32\\Include\"\n"
"        LIBDEST = \"C:\\Python32\\Lib\"\n"
"        SO = \".pyd\"\n"
"        VERSION = \"32\"\n"
"        abiflags = \"\"\n"
"        base = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        exec_prefix = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        platbase = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        prefix = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        projectbase = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        py_version = \"3.2\"\n"
"        py_version_nodot = \"32\"\n"
"        py_version_short = \"3.2\"\n"
"        srcdir = \"C:\\Python32\"\n"
"        userbase = \"C:\\Documents and Settings\\Raymond\\Application "
"Data\\Python\""
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2110
msgid "(Moved out of Distutils by Tarek Ziadé.)"
msgstr "(Moved out of Distutils by Tarek Ziadé.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2113
msgid "pdb"
msgstr "pdb"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2115
msgid ""
"The :mod:`pdb` debugger module gained a number of usability improvements:"
msgstr ""
":mod:`pdb` デバッガモジュールに数多くのユーザビリティの改善がなされました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2117
msgid ""
":file:`pdb.py` now has a ``-c`` option that executes commands as given in a :"
"file:`.pdbrc` script file."
msgstr ""
":file:`pdb.py` は ``-c`` オプションで指定した :file:`.pdbrc` スクリプトファイ"
"ルを実行できるようになっています。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2119
msgid ""
"A :file:`.pdbrc` script file can contain ``continue`` and ``next`` commands "
"that continue debugging."
msgstr ""
":file:`.pdbrc` スクリプトファイルにはデバッグを継続する ``continue`` コマンド"
"と ``next`` コマンドを含むことができます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2121
msgid ""
"The :class:`~pdb.Pdb` class constructor now accepts a *nosigint* argument."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2122
msgid ""
"New commands: ``l(list)``, ``ll(long list)`` and ``source`` for listing "
"source code."
msgstr ""
"新コマンド: ``l(list)``, ``ll(long list)``, ``source`` はソースコードを出力し"
"ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2124
msgid ""
"New commands: ``display`` and ``undisplay`` for showing or hiding the value "
"of an expression if it has changed."
msgstr ""
"新コマンド:  ``display``, ``undisplay`` は、変更があった場合の式の値の表示/非"
"表示を切り替えます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2126
msgid ""
"New command: ``interact`` for starting an interactive interpreter containing "
"the global and local  names found in the current scope."
msgstr ""
"新コマンド: ``interact`` は現在のスコープで見つかったグローバルおよびローカル"
"名を含む対話型インタプリタを開始します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2128
msgid "Breakpoints can be cleared by breakpoint number."
msgstr "ブレイクポイントをブレイクポイント番号指定でクリア出来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2130
msgid "(Contributed by Georg Brandl, Antonio Cuni and Ilya Sandler.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Georg Brandl, Antonio Cuni and Ilya Sandler.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2133
msgid "configparser"
msgstr "configparser"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2135
msgid ""
"The :mod:`configparser` module was modified to improve usability and "
"predictability of the default parser and its supported INI syntax.  The old :"
"class:`!ConfigParser` class was removed in favor of :class:`!"
"SafeConfigParser` which has in turn been renamed to :class:`~configparser."
"ConfigParser`. Support for inline comments is now turned off by default and "
"section or option duplicates are not allowed in a single configuration "
"source."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2142
msgid "Config parsers gained a new API based on the mapping protocol::"
msgstr ""
"Config parsers はマッピングプロトコルにもとづく新しい API を獲得しました::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2144
msgid ""
">>> parser = ConfigParser()\n"
">>> parser.read_string(\"\"\"\n"
"... [DEFAULT]\n"
"... location = upper left\n"
"... visible = yes\n"
"... editable = no\n"
"... color = blue\n"
"...\n"
"... [main]\n"
"... title = Main Menu\n"
"... color = green\n"
"...\n"
"... [options]\n"
"... title = Options\n"
"... \"\"\")\n"
">>> parser['main']['color']\n"
"'green'\n"
">>> parser['main']['editable']\n"
"'no'\n"
">>> section = parser['options']\n"
">>> section['title']\n"
"'Options'\n"
">>> section['title'] = 'Options (editable: %(editable)s)'\n"
">>> section['title']\n"
"'Options (editable: no)'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2170
msgid ""
"The new API is implemented on top of the classical API, so custom parser "
"subclasses should be able to use it without modifications."
msgstr ""
"新しい API は旧式 API の上に実装されているので、カスタムなパーサーサブクラス"
"は変更なしで使えるはずです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2173
msgid ""
"The INI file structure accepted by config parsers can now be customized. "
"Users can specify alternative option/value delimiters and comment prefixes, "
"change the name of the *DEFAULT* section or switch the interpolation syntax."
msgstr ""
"config parser によって受け付けられる INI ファイルの構造は今ではカスタマイズ出"
"来ます。ユーザは、オプションと値を区切る代替のデリミタやコメントのプレフィク"
"スを指定でき、 *DEFAULT* セクションの名前を変えることができ、あるいは補間の構"
"文を切り替えられます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2177
msgid ""
"There is support for pluggable interpolation including an additional "
"interpolation handler :class:`~configparser.ExtendedInterpolation`::"
msgstr ""
"抜き挿し可能 (pluggable) な補間サポートがあって、これには追加の補間ハンドラ :"
"class:`~configparser.ExtendedInterpolation` が含まれています::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2180
msgid ""
">>> parser = ConfigParser(interpolation=ExtendedInterpolation())\n"
">>> parser.read_dict({'buildout': {'directory': '/home/ambv/zope9'},\n"
"...                   'custom': {'prefix': '/usr/local'}})\n"
">>> parser.read_string(\"\"\"\n"
"... [buildout]\n"
"... parts =\n"
"...   zope9\n"
"...   instance\n"
"... find-links =\n"
"...   ${buildout:directory}/downloads/dist\n"
"...\n"
"... [zope9]\n"
"... recipe = plone.recipe.zope9install\n"
"... location = /opt/zope\n"
"...\n"
"... [instance]\n"
"... recipe = plone.recipe.zope9instance\n"
"... zope9-location = ${zope9:location}\n"
"... zope-conf = ${custom:prefix}/etc/zope.conf\n"
"... \"\"\")\n"
">>> parser['buildout']['find-links']\n"
"'\\n/home/ambv/zope9/downloads/dist'\n"
">>> parser['instance']['zope-conf']\n"
"'/usr/local/etc/zope.conf'\n"
">>> instance = parser['instance']\n"
">>> instance['zope-conf']\n"
"'/usr/local/etc/zope.conf'\n"
">>> instance['zope9-location']\n"
"'/opt/zope'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2210
msgid ""
"A number of smaller features were also introduced, like support for "
"specifying encoding in read operations, specifying fallback values for get-"
"functions, or reading directly from dictionaries and strings."
msgstr ""
"小さな機能もたくさん導入されています。例えば読み込み操作内でのエンコーディン"
"グ指定のサポート、取得関数でのフォールバック値の指定、あるいは辞書や文字列か"
"ら直接的に読むことなどです。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2214
msgid "(All changes contributed by Łukasz Langa.)"
msgstr "(All changes contributed by Łukasz Langa.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2219
msgid "urllib.parse"
msgstr "urllib.parse"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2221
msgid ""
"A number of usability improvements were made for the :mod:`urllib.parse` "
"module."
msgstr ""
"数多くのユーザビリティーの改善が :mod:`urllib.parse` モジュールになされまし"
"た。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2223
msgid ""
"The :func:`~urllib.parse.urlparse` function now supports `IPv6 <https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6>`_ addresses as described in :rfc:`2732`:"
msgstr ""
":func:`~urllib.parse.urlparse` 関数が :rfc:`2732` にて記述されている `IPv6 "
"<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6>`_ アドレスをサポートするようになりまし"
"た:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2235
msgid ""
"The :func:`~urllib.parse.urldefrag` function now returns a :term:`named "
"tuple`::"
msgstr ""
":func:`~urllib.parse.urldefrag` 関数は、今や :term:`named tuple` を返します::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2237
msgid ""
">>> r = urllib.parse.urldefrag('http://python.org/about/#target')\n"
">>> r\n"
"DefragResult(url='http://python.org/about/', fragment='target')\n"
">>> r[0]\n"
"'http://python.org/about/'\n"
">>> r.fragment\n"
"'target'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2245
msgid ""
"And, the :func:`~urllib.parse.urlencode` function is now much more flexible, "
"accepting either a string or bytes type for the *query* argument.  If it is "
"a string, then the *safe*, *encoding*, and *error* parameters are sent to :"
"func:`~urllib.parse.quote_plus` for encoding::"
msgstr ""
"また、  :func:`~urllib.parse.urlencode` 関数はさらに柔軟になり、 *query* 引数"
"としては文字列とバイト列のどちらも受け付けます。文字列で渡した場合、パラメー"
"タ  *safe*, *encoding*, *error* がエンコードのために :func:`~urllib.parse."
"quote_plus` に送られます::"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2250
msgid ""
">>> urllib.parse.urlencode([\n"
"...      ('type', 'telenovela'),\n"
"...      ('name', '¿Dónde Está Elisa?')],\n"
"...      encoding='latin-1')\n"
"'type=telenovela&name=%BFD%F3nde+Est%E1+Elisa%3F'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2256
msgid ""
"As detailed in :ref:`parsing-ascii-encoded-bytes`, all the :mod:`urllib."
"parse` functions now accept ASCII-encoded byte strings as input, so long as "
"they are not mixed with regular strings.  If ASCII-encoded byte strings are "
"given as parameters, the return types will also be an ASCII-encoded byte "
"strings:"
msgstr ""
":ref:`parsing-ascii-encoded-bytes` に詳細に書きましたが、全ての :mod:`urllib."
"parse` 関数は今では ASCII エンコードされたバイト文字列を (通常の文字列と混ぜ"
"ない限り) 入力として受け付けます。ASCII エンコードされたバイト文字列がパラ"
"メータとして与えられると、戻り値の型も ASCII エンコードされたバイト文字列にな"
"ります:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2265
msgid ""
"(Work by Nick Coghlan, Dan Mahn, and Senthil Kumaran in :issue:`2987`, :"
"issue:`5468`, and :issue:`9873`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Work by Nick Coghlan, Dan Mahn, and Senthil Kumaran in :issue:`2987`, :"
"issue:`5468`, and :issue:`9873`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2269
msgid "mailbox"
msgstr "mailbox"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2271
msgid ""
"Thanks to a concerted effort by R. David Murray, the :mod:`mailbox` module "
"has been fixed for Python 3.2.  The challenge was that mailbox had been "
"originally designed with a text interface, but email messages are best "
"represented with :class:`bytes` because various parts of a message may have "
"different encodings."
msgstr ""
"R. David Murray がコミュニティの調整に尽力したおかげで、 :mod:`mailbox` が "
"Python 3.2 のために修正されました。闘いを挑んだ相手はもともとの mailbox 設計"
"のテキストインターフェイスでした。ですが email メッセージは個々の異なるパート"
"が異なるエンコーディングを持ち得ますから、 :class:`bytes` が最良の表現です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2276
msgid ""
"The solution harnessed the :mod:`email` package's binary support for parsing "
"arbitrary email messages.  In addition, the solution required a number of "
"API changes."
msgstr ""
"解決のためには任意の email メッセージをパースするために、 :mod:`email` パッ"
"ケージのバイナリサポートが利用されました (---訳注: :class:`~email.generator."
"BytesGenerator` や :func:`~email.message_from_bytes` など)。また、API の変更"
"も必要となりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2280
msgid ""
"As expected, the :meth:`~mailbox.Mailbox.add` method for :class:`mailbox."
"Mailbox` objects now accepts binary input."
msgstr ""
":class:`mailbox.Mailbox` オブジェクトの :meth:`~mailbox.Mailbox.add` メソッド"
"は、今や期待通りにバイナリ入力を受け付けます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2283
msgid ""
":class:`~io.StringIO` and text file input are deprecated.  Also, string "
"input will fail early if non-ASCII characters are used.  Previously it would "
"fail when the email was processed in a later step."
msgstr ""
":class:`~io.StringIO` とテキストファイルでの入力は非推奨となりました。また、"
"文字列での入力は、非 ASCII 文字が使用されていると早々に失敗します。以前は後の"
"ほうのステップで email が処理される際にようやく失敗していました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2287
msgid ""
"There is also support for binary output.  The :meth:`~mailbox.Mailbox."
"get_file` method now returns a file in the binary mode (where it used to "
"incorrectly set the file to text-mode).  There is also a new :meth:`~mailbox."
"Mailbox.get_bytes` method that returns a :class:`bytes` representation of a "
"message corresponding to a given *key*."
msgstr ""
"バイナリ出力のサポートもあります。 :meth:`~mailbox.Mailbox.get_file` メソッド"
"は今ではバイナリモードのファイルを返します (これまでは不適切にテキストモード"
"が使われていました)。また、新しい :meth:`~mailbox.Mailbox.get_bytes` メソッド"
"は、指定した *key* に対応するメッセージの :class:`bytes` 表現を返します。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2293
msgid ""
"It is still possible to get non-binary output using the old API's :meth:"
"`~mailbox.Mailbox.get_string` method, but that approach is not very useful.  "
"Instead, it is best to extract messages from a :class:`~mailbox.Message` "
"object or to load them from binary input."
msgstr ""
"今でも古い API の :meth:`~mailbox.Mailbox.get_string` を使って非バイナリ出力"
"は可能ですが、そのアプローチはあまり役に立ちません。そうではなく :class:"
"`~mailbox.Message` オブジェクトからメッセージを抽出するか、それらをバイナリ入"
"力からロードするのが最善です。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2298
msgid ""
"(Contributed by R. David Murray, with efforts from Steffen Daode Nurpmeso "
"and an initial patch by Victor Stinner in :issue:`9124`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by R. David Murray, with efforts from Steffen Daode Nurpmeso "
"and an initial patch by Victor Stinner in :issue:`9124`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2302
msgid "turtledemo"
msgstr "turtledemo"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2304
msgid ""
"The demonstration code for the :mod:`turtle` module was moved from the "
"*Demo* directory to main library.  It includes over a dozen sample scripts "
"with lively displays.  Being on :data:`sys.path`, it can now be run directly "
"from the command-line:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2309
msgid "$ python -m turtledemo"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2313
msgid ""
"(Moved from the Demo directory by Alexander Belopolsky in :issue:`10199`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Moved from the Demo directory by Alexander Belopolsky in :issue:`10199`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2316
msgid "Multi-threading"
msgstr "マルチスレッディング"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2318
msgid ""
"The mechanism for serializing execution of concurrently running Python "
"threads (generally known as the :term:`GIL` or Global Interpreter Lock) has "
"been rewritten.  Among the objectives were more predictable switching "
"intervals and reduced overhead due to lock contention and the number of "
"ensuing system calls.  The notion of a \"check interval\" to allow thread "
"switches has been abandoned and replaced by an absolute duration expressed "
"in seconds.  This parameter is tunable through :func:`sys."
"setswitchinterval`. It currently defaults to 5 milliseconds."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2327
msgid ""
"Additional details about the implementation can be read from a `python-dev "
"mailing-list message <https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2009-"
"October/093321.html>`_ (however, \"priority requests\" as exposed in this "
"message have not been kept for inclusion)."
msgstr ""
"この実装に関するさらなる詳細は `python-dev mailing-list message <https://"
"mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2009-October/093321.html>`_ で読むことが"
"出来ます (ただしこのメッセージで言っている \"priority requests\" は含められま"
"せんでした)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2333
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2335
msgid ""
"Regular and recursive locks now accept an optional *timeout* argument to "
"their :meth:`~threading.Lock.acquire` method.  (Contributed by Antoine "
"Pitrou; :issue:`7316`.)"
msgstr ""
"通常のロックと再帰的なロックが、:meth:`~threading.Lock.acquire` メソッドでオ"
"プションで *timeout* 引数を受け取るようになりました。\n"
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`7316`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2339
msgid ""
"Similarly, :meth:`threading.Semaphore.acquire` also gained a *timeout* "
"argument.  (Contributed by Torsten Landschoff; :issue:`850728`.)"
msgstr ""
"同様に、:meth:`threading.Semaphore.acquire` にも *timeout* 引数が追加されまし"
"た。\n"
"(Contributed by Torsten Landschoff; :issue:`850728`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2342
msgid ""
"Regular and recursive lock acquisitions can now be interrupted by signals on "
"platforms using Pthreads.  This means that Python programs that deadlock "
"while acquiring locks can be successfully killed by repeatedly sending "
"SIGINT to the process (by pressing :kbd:`Ctrl+C` in most shells). "
"(Contributed by Reid Kleckner; :issue:`8844`.)"
msgstr ""
"通常のロックと再帰的なロックの獲得に、 Pthreads を使用するプラットフォームで"
"シグナルが割り込めるようになりました。これでロック獲得時にデッドロックしてい"
"た Python プログラムは、プロセスに SIGINT (ほとんどのシェルでは :kbd:"
"`Ctrl+C` で) を繰り返し送ることで殺せます。(Contributed by Reid Kleckner; :"
"issue:`8844`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2350
msgid "Optimizations"
msgstr "最適化"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2352
msgid "A number of small performance enhancements have been added:"
msgstr "小さな性能向上が多く追加されました:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2354
msgid ""
"Python's peephole optimizer now recognizes patterns such ``x in {1, 2, 3}`` "
"as being a test for membership in a set of constants.  The optimizer recasts "
"the :class:`set` as a :class:`frozenset` and stores the pre-built constant."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2358
msgid ""
"Now that the speed penalty is gone, it is practical to start writing "
"membership tests using set-notation.  This style is both semantically clear "
"and operationally fast::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2362
msgid ""
"extension = name.rpartition('.')[2]\n"
"if extension in {'xml', 'html', 'xhtml', 'css'}:\n"
"    handle(name)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2366
msgid ""
"(Patch and additional tests contributed by Dave Malcolm; :issue:`6690`)."
msgstr ""
"(Patch and additional tests contributed by Dave Malcolm; :issue:`6690`)."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2368
msgid ""
"Serializing and unserializing data using the :mod:`pickle` module is now "
"several times faster."
msgstr ""
":mod:`pickle` モジュールを用いたデータのシリアライズ・デシリアライズが数倍速"
"くなりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2371
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Alexandre Vassalotti, Antoine Pitrou and the Unladen Swallow "
"team in :issue:`9410` and :issue:`3873`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Alexandre Vassalotti, Antoine Pitrou and the Unladen Swallow "
"team in :issue:`9410` and :issue:`3873`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2374
msgid ""
"The `Timsort algorithm <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timsort>`_ used in :"
"meth:`list.sort` and :func:`sorted` now runs faster and uses less memory "
"when called with a :term:`key function`.  Previously, every element of a "
"list was wrapped with a temporary object that remembered the key value "
"associated with each element.  Now, two arrays of keys and values are sorted "
"in parallel.  This saves the memory consumed by the sort wrappers, and it "
"saves time lost to delegating comparisons."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2382
msgid "(Patch by Daniel Stutzbach in :issue:`9915`.)"
msgstr "(Patch by Daniel Stutzbach in :issue:`9915`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2384
msgid ""
"JSON decoding performance is improved and memory consumption is reduced "
"whenever the same string is repeated for multiple keys.  Also, JSON encoding "
"now uses the C speedups when the ``sort_keys`` argument is true."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2388
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`7451` and by Raymond Hettinger and "
"Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`10314`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`7451` and by Raymond Hettinger and "
"Antoine Pitrou in :issue:`10314`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2391
msgid ""
"Recursive locks (created with the :func:`threading.RLock` API) now benefit "
"from a C implementation which makes them as fast as regular locks, and "
"between 10x and 15x faster than their previous pure Python implementation."
msgstr ""
"再帰的ロック (:func:`threading.RLock` API により生成) は C で実装されたことに"
"より、以前の純粋な Python 実装より10から15倍速くなり、通常のロックと同じくら"
"いになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2395
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`3001`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`3001`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2397
msgid ""
"The fast-search algorithm in stringlib is now used by the :meth:`~str."
"split`, :meth:`~str.rsplit`, :meth:`~str.splitlines` and :meth:`~str."
"replace` methods on :class:`bytes`, :class:`bytearray` and :class:`str` "
"objects. Likewise, the algorithm is also used by :meth:`~str.rfind`, :meth:"
"`~str.rindex`, :meth:`~str.rsplit` and :meth:`~str.rpartition`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2403
msgid "(Patch by Florent Xicluna in :issue:`7622` and :issue:`7462`.)"
msgstr "(Patch by Florent Xicluna in :issue:`7622` and :issue:`7462`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2406
msgid ""
"Integer to string conversions now work two \"digits\" at a time, reducing "
"the number of division and modulo operations."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2409
msgid "(:issue:`6713` by Gawain Bolton, Mark Dickinson, and Victor Stinner.)"
msgstr "(:issue:`6713` by Gawain Bolton, Mark Dickinson, and Victor Stinner.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2411
msgid ""
"There were several other minor optimizations. Set differencing now runs "
"faster when one operand is much larger than the other (patch by Andress "
"Bennetts in :issue:`8685`).  The :meth:`!array.repeat` method has a faster "
"implementation (:issue:`1569291` by Alexander Belopolsky). The :class:`~http."
"server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler` has more efficient buffering (:issue:`3709` "
"by Andrew Schaaf).  The :func:`operator.attrgetter` function has been sped-"
"up (:issue:`10160` by Christos Georgiou).  And :class:`~configparser."
"ConfigParser` loads multi-line arguments a bit faster (:issue:`7113` by "
"Łukasz Langa)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2422
msgid "Unicode"
msgstr "Unicode 文字列型"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2424
msgid ""
"Python has been updated to `Unicode 6.0.0 <https://unicode.org/versions/"
"Unicode6.0.0/>`_.  The update to the standard adds over 2,000 new characters "
"including `emoji <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji>`_ symbols which are "
"important for mobile phones."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2429
msgid ""
"In addition, the updated standard has altered the character properties for "
"two Kannada characters (U+0CF1, U+0CF2) and one New Tai Lue numeric "
"character (U+19DA), making the former eligible for use in identifiers while "
"disqualifying the latter.  For more information, see `Unicode Character "
"Database Changes <https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.0.0/"
"#Database_Changes>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2437
msgid "Codecs"
msgstr "Codecs"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2439
msgid "Support was added for *cp720* Arabic DOS encoding (:issue:`1616979`)."
msgstr ""
"*cp720* アラビア DOS エンコードがサポートされました (:issue:`1616979`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2441
msgid ""
"MBCS encoding no longer ignores the error handler argument. In the default "
"strict mode, it raises an :exc:`UnicodeDecodeError` when it encounters an "
"undecodable byte sequence and an :exc:`UnicodeEncodeError` for an "
"unencodable character."
msgstr ""
"MBCS エンコーディングはもうエラーハンドラ引数を無視することはありません。デ"
"フォルトの strict モードでは、デコード出来ないバイト列に対して :exc:"
"`UnicodeDecodeError` を、エンコードできない文字に対して :exc:"
"`UnicodeEncodeError` を投げます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2446
msgid ""
"The MBCS codec supports ``'strict'`` and ``'ignore'`` error handlers for "
"decoding, and ``'strict'`` and ``'replace'`` for encoding."
msgstr ""
"MBCS コーデックはエラーハンドラとして、デコードでの ``'strict'`` と "
"``'ignore'`` 、エンコードでの ``'strict'`` と ``'replace'`` をサポートしま"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2449
msgid ""
"To emulate Python3.1 MBCS encoding, select the ``'ignore'`` handler for "
"decoding and the ``'replace'`` handler for encoding."
msgstr ""
"Python 3.1 での MBCS エンコーディングを模擬したければデコードでは "
"``'ignore'`` ハンドラを、エンコードでは ``'replace'`` ハンドラを選んでくださ"
"い。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2452
msgid ""
"On Mac OS X, Python decodes command line arguments with ``'utf-8'`` rather "
"than the locale encoding."
msgstr ""
"Mac OS X では Python は、コマンドライン引数をロケールのエンコーディングではな"
"く ``'utf-8'`` でデコードします。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2455
msgid ""
"By default, :mod:`tarfile` uses ``'utf-8'`` encoding on Windows (instead of "
"``'mbcs'``) and the ``'surrogateescape'`` error handler on all operating "
"systems."
msgstr ""
":mod:`tarfile` はデフォルトで、Windows では (``'mbcs'`` ではなく) "
"``'utf-8'`` エンコーディングを使い、また、全ての OS でエラーハンドラ "
"``'surrogateescape'`` を使います。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2461
msgid "Documentation"
msgstr "ドキュメント"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2463
msgid "The documentation continues to be improved."
msgstr "ドキュメントの改善が引き続き行われています。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2465
msgid ""
"A table of quick links has been added to the top of lengthy sections such "
"as :ref:`built-in-funcs`.  In the case of :mod:`itertools`, the links are "
"accompanied by tables of cheatsheet-style summaries to provide an overview "
"and memory jog without having to read all of the docs."
msgstr ""
":ref:`built-in-funcs` のような長大なセクションには先頭にクイックリンクの表が"
"追加されました。 :mod:`itertools` のようなケースでは `cheatsheet <https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheat_sheet>`_ スタイルの表からリンクが張られていて、これ"
"で要約がわかりますし、ドキュメント全体を読む必要なく記憶を呼び覚ますことが出"
"来ます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2470
msgid ""
"In some cases, the pure Python source code can be a helpful adjunct to the "
"documentation, so now many modules now feature quick links to the latest "
"version of the source code.  For example, the :mod:`functools` module "
"documentation has a quick link at the top labeled:"
msgstr ""
"ある種のケースではピュア Python のソースコードが文書化の助手として便利に働い"
"てくれますので、今では多くのモジュールがソースコードの最新バージョンへのク"
"イックリンクを客演させています。例えば :mod:`functools` モジュールのドキュメ"
"ントは先頭にこのようにクイックリンクを置いています:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2475
msgid "**Source code** :source:`Lib/functools.py`."
msgstr "**ソースコード** :source:`Lib/functools.py`."

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2477
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; see `rationale <https://rhettinger."
"wordpress.com/2011/01/28/open-your-source-more/>`_.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; see `rationale <https://rhettinger."
"wordpress.com/2011/01/28/open-your-source-more/>`_.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2480
msgid ""
"The docs now contain more examples and recipes.  In particular, :mod:`re` "
"module has an extensive section, :ref:`re-examples`.  Likewise, the :mod:"
"`itertools` module continues to be updated with new :ref:`itertools-recipes`."
msgstr ""
"ドキュメントには今ではもっと実例とレシピが含まれています。特に :mod:`re` モ"
"ジュールのものには大掛かりなセクション :ref:`re-examples` があります。同じよ"
"うに :mod:`itertools` では新しい :ref:`itertools-recipes` で更新され続けま"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2485
msgid ""
"The :mod:`datetime` module now has an auxiliary implementation in pure "
"Python. No functionality was changed.  This just provides an easier-to-read "
"alternate implementation."
msgstr ""
":mod:`datetime` モジュールは今ではピュア Python による補助実装を持っていま"
"す。機能に違いはありません。これは読みやすい代替の実装を提供するだけのもので"
"す。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2489
msgid "(Contributed by Alexander Belopolsky in :issue:`9528`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Alexander Belopolsky in :issue:`9528`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2491
msgid ""
"The unmaintained :file:`Demo` directory has been removed.  Some demos were "
"integrated into the documentation, some were moved to the :file:`Tools/demo` "
"directory, and others were removed altogether."
msgstr ""
"保守されていなかった :file:`Demo` ディレクトリは削除されました。いくつかのデ"
"モはドキュメントに統合され、いくつかは :file:`Tools/demo` ディレクトリに移動"
"し、ほかのものは一緒に削除されました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2495
msgid "(Contributed by Georg Brandl in :issue:`7962`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Georg Brandl in :issue:`7962`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2499
msgid "IDLE"
msgstr "IDLE"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2501
msgid ""
"The format menu now has an option to clean source files by stripping "
"trailing whitespace."
msgstr ""
"IDLE のフォーマットメニューに、ソースコードから末尾の空白を取り除くことが出来"
"るオプションが追加されました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2504
msgid "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; :issue:`5150`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger; :issue:`5150`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2506
msgid "IDLE on Mac OS X now works with both Carbon AquaTk and Cocoa AquaTk."
msgstr ""
"Mac OS X 上の IDLE が Carbon AquaTk と Cocoa AquaTk の両方で動くようになりま"
"した。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2508
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Kevin Walzer, Ned Deily, and Ronald Oussoren; :issue:`6075`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Contributed by Kevin Walzer, Ned Deily, and Ronald Oussoren; :issue:`6075`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2511
msgid "Code Repository"
msgstr "コードリポジトリ"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2513
msgid ""
"In addition to the existing Subversion code repository at https://svn.python."
"org there is now a `Mercurial <https://www.mercurial-scm.org/>`_ repository "
"at https://hg.python.org/\\ ."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2517
msgid ""
"After the 3.2 release, there are plans to switch to Mercurial as the primary "
"repository.  This distributed version control system should make it easier "
"for members of the community to create and share external changesets.  See :"
"pep:`385` for details."
msgstr ""
"3.2 のリリース後に、主要なリポジトリを Mercurial に移行する計画があります。\n"
"この分散バージョン管理システムによってコミュニティメンバが容易に外部 "
"changeset を作成したり共有したりすることが出来ます。\n"
"詳細は :pep:`385` を参照してください。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2522
msgid ""
"To learn to use the new version control system, see the `Quick Start "
"<https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/QuickStart>`_ or the `Guide to Mercurial "
"Workflows <https://www.mercurial-scm.org/guide>`_."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2528
msgid "Build and C API Changes"
msgstr "ビルドならびに C API の変更"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2530
msgid "Changes to Python's build process and to the C API include:"
msgstr "Python のビルド過程と C API の変更は以下の通りです:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2532
msgid ""
"The *idle*, *pydoc* and *2to3* scripts are now installed with a version-"
"specific suffix on ``make altinstall`` (:issue:`10679`)."
msgstr ""
"スクリプト *idle*, *pydoc*, *2to3* が ``make altinstall`` 時にバージョン固有"
"のサフィックスを付けてインストールされるようになりました (:issue:`10679`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2535
msgid ""
"The C functions that access the Unicode Database now accept and return "
"characters from the full Unicode range, even on narrow unicode builds "
"(Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER, Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL, and others).  A visible "
"difference in Python is that :func:`unicodedata.numeric` now returns the "
"correct value for large code points, and :func:`repr` may consider more "
"characters as printable."
msgstr ""
"Unicode データベースにアクセスする関数 (Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER, "
"Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL, ほか) が、たとえ narrow Unicode ビルドであっても full "
"Unicode 範囲を受け付け、返すようになりました。Python から目に見える違いとして"
"は、大きなコードポイントについて :func:`unicodedata.numeric` が正しい値を返"
"し、 :func:`repr` はより多くの文字を表示可能と考えるようになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2542
msgid ""
"(Reported by Bupjoe Lee and fixed by Amaury Forgeot D'Arc; :issue:`5127`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Reported by Bupjoe Lee and fixed by Amaury Forgeot D'Arc; :issue:`5127`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2544
msgid ""
"Computed gotos are now enabled by default on supported compilers (which are "
"detected by the configure script).  They can still be disabled selectively "
"by specifying ``--without-computed-gotos``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2548
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`9203`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou; :issue:`9203`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2550
msgid ""
"The option ``--with-wctype-functions`` was removed.  The built-in unicode "
"database is now used for all functions."
msgstr ""
"オプション ``--with-wctype-functions`` は削除されました。今では組み込みの "
"Unicode データベースが全ての関数のために使われます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2553
msgid "(Contributed by Amaury Forgeot D'Arc; :issue:`9210`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Amaury Forgeot D'Arc; :issue:`9210`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2555
msgid ""
"Hash values are now values of a new type, :c:type:`Py_hash_t`, which is "
"defined to be the same size as a pointer.  Previously they were of type "
"long, which on some 64-bit operating systems is still only 32 bits long.  As "
"a result of this fix, :class:`set` and :class:`dict` can now hold more than "
"``2**32`` entries on builds with 64-bit pointers (previously, they could "
"grow to that size but their performance degraded catastrophically)."
msgstr ""
"ハッシュ値として新しい型 :c:type:`Py_hash_t` を使うようになりました。これはポ"
"インタと同じサイズになるように定義されています。以前は long 型を使っていまし"
"たが、これはいくつかの 64 ビット OS でも 32 ビット長のままでした。この修正の"
"結果、64 ビットポインタでビルドすれば :class:`set` と :class:`dict` が "
"``2**32`` 以上のエントリを持てるようになりました (以前もそのサイズを入れるこ"
"とは出来ましたが、悲劇的なパフォーマンス低下を起こしていました)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2562
msgid ""
"(Suggested by Raymond Hettinger and implemented by Benjamin Peterson; :issue:"
"`9778`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Suggested by Raymond Hettinger and implemented by Benjamin Peterson; :issue:"
"`9778`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2565
msgid ""
"A new macro :c:macro:`!Py_VA_COPY` copies the state of the variable argument "
"list.  It is equivalent to C99 *va_copy* but available on all Python "
"platforms (:issue:`2443`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2569
msgid ""
"A new C API function :c:func:`!PySys_SetArgvEx` allows an embedded "
"interpreter to set :data:`sys.argv` without also modifying :data:`sys.path` "
"(:issue:`5753`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2573
msgid ""
":c:func:`!PyEval_CallObject` is now only available in macro form.  The "
"function declaration, which was kept for backwards compatibility reasons, is "
"now removed -- the macro was introduced in 1997 (:issue:`8276`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2577
msgid ""
"There is a new function :c:func:`PyLong_AsLongLongAndOverflow` which is "
"analogous to :c:func:`PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow`.  They both serve to convert "
"Python :class:`int` into a native fixed-width type while providing detection "
"of cases where the conversion won't fit (:issue:`7767`)."
msgstr ""
":c:func:`PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow` の姉妹品の :c:func:"
"`PyLong_AsLongLongAndOverflow` 関数が追加されました。両方とも Python :class:"
"`int` を C ネイティブの固定幅型に変換しますが、変換が幅に合わないことを検出し"
"ます (:issue:`7767`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2582
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString` function now returns *not "
"equal* if the Python string is *NUL* terminated."
msgstr ""
":c:func:`PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString` 関数が、Python 文字列が *NUL* 終端"
"である場合に「 *等しくない* 」を返すようになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2585
msgid ""
"There is a new function :c:func:`PyErr_NewExceptionWithDoc` that is like :c:"
"func:`PyErr_NewException` but allows a docstring to be specified. This lets "
"C exceptions have the same self-documenting capabilities as their pure "
"Python counterparts (:issue:`7033`)."
msgstr ""
"新しい関数 :c:func:`PyErr_NewExceptionWithDoc` は :c:func:"
"`PyErr_NewException` と似ていますが、ドキュメンテーション文字列を受け付けま"
"す。これは C 拡張に、対応するピュア Python と同じ自己文書化 (self-"
"documenting) 能力を与えます (:issue:`7033`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2590
msgid ""
"When compiled with the ``--with-valgrind`` option, the pymalloc allocator "
"will be automatically disabled when running under Valgrind.  This gives "
"improved memory leak detection when running under Valgrind, while taking "
"advantage of pymalloc at other times (:issue:`2422`)."
msgstr ""
"``--with-valgrind`` オプションとともにコンパイル時、 Valgrind のもとでの実行"
"時に自動的に pymalloc アロケータが無効になるようになりました。ほかの状況では "
"pymalloc は有利ですが、Valgrind 配下での実行時のメモリリーク検出では無効化し"
"たほうが良い結果が得られます (:issue:`2422`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2595
msgid ""
"Removed the ``O?`` format from the *PyArg_Parse* functions.  The format is "
"no longer used and it had never been documented (:issue:`8837`)."
msgstr ""
"*PyArg_Parse* 関数から書式文字列 ``O?`` が削除されました。これはもう使われて"
"いませんし、今まで一度も文書化されたことはありません (:issue:`8837`)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2598
msgid ""
"There were a number of other small changes to the C-API.  See the `Misc/NEWS "
"<https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.2.6/Misc/NEWS>`__ file for a "
"complete list."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2602
msgid ""
"Also, there were a number of updates to the Mac OS X build, see `Mac/"
"BuildScript/README.txt <https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.2.6/Mac/"
"BuildScript/README.txt>`_ for details.  For users running a 32/64-bit build, "
"there is a known problem with the default Tcl/Tk on Mac OS X 10.6. "
"Accordingly, we recommend installing an updated alternative such as "
"`ActiveState Tcl/Tk 8.5.9 <https://web.archive.org/web/20101208191259/"
"https://www.activestate.com/activetcl/downloads>`_\\. See https://www.python."
"org/download/mac/tcltk/ for additional details."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2611
msgid "Porting to Python 3.2"
msgstr "Python 3.2 への移植"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2613
msgid ""
"This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes that may "
"require changes to your code:"
msgstr ""
"このセクションでは前述の変更とバグフィックスにより必要となるかもしれないコー"
"ドの変更を列挙します:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2616
msgid ""
"The :mod:`configparser` module has a number of clean-ups.  The major change "
"is to replace the old :class:`!ConfigParser` class with long-standing "
"preferred alternative :class:`!SafeConfigParser`.  In addition there are a "
"number of smaller incompatibilities:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2621
msgid ""
"The interpolation syntax is now validated on :meth:`~configparser."
"ConfigParser.get` and :meth:`~configparser.ConfigParser.set` operations. In "
"the default interpolation scheme, only two tokens with percent signs are "
"valid: ``%(name)s`` and ``%%``, the latter being an escaped percent sign."
msgstr ""
"補間 (interpolation) の構文は今では :meth:`~configparser.ConfigParser.get` "
"と :meth:`~configparser.ConfigParser.set` の操作で検証されます。デフォルトの"
"補間スキームでは、パーセント記号を使ったただ二つのトークンのみが正当です: "
"``%(name)s`` と ``%%`` 、後者はエスケープされたパーセント記号自身。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2627
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~configparser.ConfigParser.set` and :meth:`~configparser."
"ConfigParser.add_section` methods now verify that values are actual "
"strings.  Formerly, unsupported types could be introduced unintentionally."
msgstr ""
":meth:`~configparser.ConfigParser.set` メソッドと :meth:`~configparser."
"ConfigParser.add_section` メソッドは今ではその値が実際に文字列かどうかを検証"
"します。以前はサポートされない型が意図せず持ち込まれる可能性がありました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2632
msgid ""
"Duplicate sections or options from a single source now raise either :exc:"
"`~configparser.DuplicateSectionError` or :exc:`~configparser."
"DuplicateOptionError`.  Formerly, duplicates would silently overwrite a "
"previous entry."
msgstr ""
"単一ソースからのセクションまたはオプションの複製 (重複) に対し、今では :exc:"
"`~configparser.DuplicateSectionError` もしくは :exc:`~configparser."
"DuplicateOptionError` を投げます。以前は重複は黙って以前のエントリを上書きし"
"ていました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2637
msgid ""
"Inline comments are now disabled by default so now the **;** character can "
"be safely used in values."
msgstr ""
"インラインコメントは今ではデフォルトで無効なので、 **;** 文字を安全に値のなか"
"で使えます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2640
msgid ""
"Comments now can be indented.  Consequently, for **;** or **#** to appear at "
"the start of a line in multiline values, it has to be interpolated.  This "
"keeps comment prefix characters in values from being mistaken as comments."
msgstr ""
"コメントを字下げ出来るようになっています。このことにより、値が継続行となる場"
"合の後続行の字下げ開始位置に **;** または **#** を置くには、補間を使う必要が"
"あります。こうすればコメントのプレフィクス文字が値内に現れて誤ってコメントと"
"解釈されるのを防げます。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2644
msgid ""
"``\"\"`` is now a valid value and is no longer automatically converted to an "
"empty string. For empty strings, use ``\"option =\"`` in a line."
msgstr ""
"``\"\"`` は今では合法な値なので、もはや自動的に空文字列に変換されることはあり"
"ません。空文字列のためには行内で ``\"option =\"`` と書いてください。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2647
msgid ""
"The :mod:`!nntplib` module was reworked extensively, meaning that its APIs "
"are often incompatible with the 3.1 APIs."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2650
msgid ""
":class:`bytearray` objects can no longer be used as filenames; instead, they "
"should be converted to :class:`bytes`."
msgstr ""
":class:`bytearray` オブジェクトはもうファイル名には使えません。代わりに :"
"class:`bytes` に変換しなければいけません。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2653
msgid ""
"The :meth:`!array.tostring` and :meth:`!array.fromstring` have been renamed "
"to :meth:`array.tobytes() <array.array.tobytes>` and :meth:`array."
"frombytes() <array.array.frombytes>` for clarity.  The old names have been "
"deprecated. (See :issue:`8990`.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2658
msgid "``PyArg_Parse*()`` functions:"
msgstr "``PyArg_Parse*()`` 系関数:"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2660
msgid "\"t#\" format has been removed: use \"s#\" or \"s*\" instead"
msgstr ""
"書式文字列 \"t#\" の削除: 代わりに \"s#\" もしくは \"s*\" を使ってください。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2661
msgid "\"w\" and \"w#\" formats has been removed: use \"w*\" instead"
msgstr ""
"書式文字列 \"w\" および \"w#\" の削除: 代わりに \"w*\" を使ってください。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2663
msgid ""
"The :c:type:`!PyCObject` type, deprecated in 3.1, has been removed.  To wrap "
"opaque C pointers in Python objects, the :c:type:`PyCapsule` API should be "
"used instead; the new type has a well-defined interface for passing typing "
"safety information and a less complicated signature for calling a destructor."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2668
msgid ""
"The :func:`!sys.setfilesystemencoding` function was removed because it had a "
"flawed design."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2671
msgid ""
"The :func:`random.seed` function and method now salt string seeds with an "
"sha512 hash function.  To access the previous version of *seed* in order to "
"reproduce Python 3.1 sequences, set the *version* argument to *1*, ``random."
"seed(s, version=1)``."
msgstr ""
":func:`random.seed` 関数とメソッドが、salt に文字列やバイト列を与えた場合に内"
"部で sha512 ハッシュ関数を使うようになりました。Python 3.1 シーケンスを再現す"
"るのに以前のバージョンの *seed* が必要であれば、 *version* 引数を *1* にして"
"ください。 ``random.seed(s, version=1)`` のように。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2676
msgid ""
"The previously deprecated :func:`!string.maketrans` function has been "
"removed in favor of the static methods :meth:`bytes.maketrans` and :meth:"
"`bytearray.maketrans`.  This change solves the confusion around which types "
"were supported by the :mod:`string` module.  Now, :class:`str`, :class:"
"`bytes`, and :class:`bytearray` each have their own **maketrans** and "
"**translate** methods with intermediate translation tables of the "
"appropriate type."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2684
msgid "(Contributed by Georg Brandl; :issue:`5675`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Georg Brandl; :issue:`5675`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2686
msgid ""
"The previously deprecated :func:`!contextlib.nested` function has been "
"removed in favor of a plain :keyword:`with` statement which can accept "
"multiple context managers.  The latter technique is faster (because it is "
"built-in), and it does a better job finalizing multiple context managers "
"when one of them raises an exception::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2692
msgid ""
"with open('mylog.txt') as infile, open('a.out', 'w') as outfile:\n"
"    for line in infile:\n"
"        if '<critical>' in line:\n"
"            outfile.write(line)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2697
msgid ""
"(Contributed by Georg Brandl and Mattias Brändström; `appspot issue 53094 "
"<https://codereview.appspot.com/53094>`_.)"
msgstr ""
"(Georg Brandl と Mattias Brändström の貢献; `appspot issue 53094 <https://"
"codereview.appspot.com/53094>`_.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2700
msgid ""
":func:`struct.pack` now only allows bytes for the ``s`` string pack code. "
"Formerly, it would accept text arguments and implicitly encode them to bytes "
"using UTF-8.  This was problematic because it made assumptions about the "
"correct encoding and because a variable-length encoding can fail when "
"writing to fixed length segment of a structure."
msgstr ""
":func:`struct.pack` は、文字列パックコード ``s`` で bytes のみを許容するよう"
"になりました。以前はテキスト引数を受け取って暗黙に UTF-8 でエンコードして "
"bytes に変換していました。特定のエンコーディングを前提にするのは間違っていま"
"すし、可変長のエンコーディングは構造体の固定長セグメントへの書き込みで失敗し"
"うるので、これは問題でした。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2706
msgid ""
"Code such as ``struct.pack('<6sHHBBB', 'GIF87a', x, y)`` should be rewritten "
"with to use bytes instead of text, ``struct.pack('<6sHHBBB', b'GIF87a', x, "
"y)``."
msgstr ""
"例えば ``struct.pack('<6sHHBBB', 'GIF87a', x, y)`` としているならば、テキスト"
"ではなく bytes を使うように ``struct.pack('<6sHHBBB', b'GIF87a', x, y)`` と書"
"き換えなければなりません。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2709
msgid ""
"(Discovered by David Beazley and fixed by Victor Stinner; :issue:`10783`.)"
msgstr ""
"(Discovered by David Beazley and fixed by Victor Stinner; :issue:`10783`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2711
msgid ""
"The :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree` class now raises an :exc:`xml.etree."
"ElementTree.ParseError` when a parse fails. Previously it raised an :exc:"
"`xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError`."
msgstr ""
"パース失敗時に :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree` クラスが :exc:`xml.etree."
"ElementTree.ParseError` を投げるようになりました。以前は :exc:`xml.parsers."
"expat.ExpatError` を投げていました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2715
msgid ""
"The new, longer :func:`str` value on floats may break doctests which rely on "
"the old output format."
msgstr ""
"浮動小数点数と複素数に対する :func:`str` が以前より長い表現をするようになった"
"ことで、古いフォーマットに依存する doctest は壊れるかもしれません。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2718
msgid ""
"In :class:`subprocess.Popen`, the default value for *close_fds* is now "
"``True`` under Unix; under Windows, it is ``True`` if the three standard "
"streams are set to ``None``, ``False`` otherwise.  Previously, *close_fds* "
"was always ``False`` by default, which produced difficult to solve bugs or "
"race conditions when open file descriptors would leak into the child process."
msgstr ""
":class:`subprocess.Popen` の *close_fds* のデフォルトが、Unix では ``True`` "
"になりました。Windows では 3 つの標準ストリームに ``None`` がセットされている"
"場合には ``True`` 、以外の場合は ``False`` になりました。以前は *close_fds* "
"のデフォルトはいつでも ``False`` でした。これは開いているファイル記述子が子プ"
"ロセスに漏れた場合に解決が難しいバグや競合状態を生み出していました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2725
msgid ""
"Support for legacy HTTP 0.9 has been removed from :mod:`urllib.request` and :"
"mod:`http.client`.  Such support is still present on the server side (in :"
"mod:`http.server`)."
msgstr ""
"レガシーな HTTP 0.9 のサポートが :mod:`urllib.request` と :mod:`http.client` "
"から削除されました。このサポートはサーバサイドではまだ健在です (:mod:`http."
"server` 内)。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2729
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`10711`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`10711`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2731
msgid ""
"SSL sockets in timeout mode now raise :exc:`socket.timeout` when a timeout "
"occurs, rather than a generic :exc:`~ssl.SSLError`."
msgstr ""
"タイムアウトモード時の SSL ソケットでタイムアウトした場合に、汎用の :exc:"
"`~ssl.SSLError` ではなく :exc:`socket.timeout` を投げるようになりました。"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2734
msgid "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`10272`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Antoine Pitrou, :issue:`10272`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2736
msgid ""
"The misleading functions :c:func:`!PyEval_AcquireLock` and :c:func:`!"
"PyEval_ReleaseLock` have been officially deprecated.  The thread-state aware "
"APIs (such as :c:func:`PyEval_SaveThread` and :c:func:"
"`PyEval_RestoreThread`) should be used instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2741
msgid ""
"Due to security risks, :func:`!asyncore.handle_accept` has been deprecated, "
"and a new function, :func:`!asyncore.handle_accepted`, was added to replace "
"it."
msgstr ""

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2744
msgid "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodola in :issue:`6706`.)"
msgstr "(Contributed by Giampaolo Rodola in :issue:`6706`.)"

#: ../../whatsnew/3.2.rst:2746
msgid ""
"Due to the new :term:`GIL` implementation, :c:func:`!PyEval_InitThreads` "
"cannot be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize` anymore."
msgstr ""