abstract-english.tex

\abstract
% Introduction, som i conclusion fast ännu mer sammanfattat
% Dagsläget, problemet, lösningen (pqc)
\noindent\textbf{Background.} People use the Internet for communication, work, online banking and more. Public-key cryptography enables this use to be secure by providing confidentiality and trust online. Though these algorithms may be secure from attacks from classical computers, future quantum computers may break them using Shor's algorithm. Post-quantum algorithms are therefore being developed to mitigate this issue. The \acrfull{nist} has started a standardization process for these algorithms.\newline
% Sammanfatta våra research questions. "We analyze prestanda o.s.v., ej nämna rqs"
\textbf{Objectives.} In this work, we analyze what specialized features applicable for \gls{post-quantum} algorithms are available in the mainframe architecture \gls{ibmz}. Furthermore, we study the performance of these algorithms on various hardware in order to understand what techniques may increase their performance.\newline
% Litterature study, experimental study - lite sammanfattning från metoden? Vi har ett stycke om våra metod
\textbf{Methods.} We apply a literature study to identify the performance characteristics of \gls{post-quantum} algorithms as well as what features of \gls{ibmz} may accommodate and accelerate these. We further apply an experimental study to analyze the practical performance of the two prominent finalists \gls{ntru} and \gls{mceliece} on consumer, cloud and mainframe hardware.\newline
% Kortfattat från rq1-3 i conclusions
\textbf{Results.} \gls{ibmz} was found to be able to accelerate several key symmetric primitives such as \gls{sha3} and \gls{aes} via the \gls{cpacf}. Though the available \acrlong{hsm}s (\acrshort{hsm}s) did not support any of the studied algorithms, they were found to be able to accelerate them via a \gls{fpga}. Based on our experimental study, we found that computers with support for the Advanced Vector Extensions (\gls{avx}) were able to significantly accelerate the execution of \gls{post-quantum} algorithms. Lastly, we identified that vector extensions, \glspl{asic} and \glspl{fpga} are key techniques for accelerating these algorithms.\newline
% Outlook-stycket?
\textbf{Conclusions.} When considering the readiness of hardware for the transition to \gls{post-quantum} algorithms, we find that the proposed algorithms do not perform nearly as well as classical algorithms. Though the algorithms are likely to improve until the \gls{post-quantum} transition occurs, improved hardware support via faster vector instructions, increased cache sizes and the addition of polynomial instructions may significantly help reduce the impact of the transition.

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\noindent
\textbf{Keywords:} Public-Key Cryptography, Benchmark, \gls{x86}, \gls{ibmz}, \gls{z15}

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