chore: improve CI by making it a workflow graph (typescript-eslint#4959)

Author: bradzacher

Diff for: .github/actions/prepare-build/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: "Prepare: Build"
+description: "Prepares the repo for a job by running the build"
+# inputs:  - no inputs
+# outputs: - no outputs
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+    - uses: actions/cache@v3
+      id: build-cache
+      with:
+        path: "**/dist/**"
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-build-${{ github.ref }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-build-
+
+    # if the cache was hit - this will run in <1s
+    - name: Build
+      shell: bash
+      # Website will be built by the Netlify GitHub App
+      run: |
+        yarn build --exclude website

Diff for: .github/actions/prepare-install/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: "Prepare: Checkout and Install"
+description: "Prepares the repo for a job by checking out and installing dependencies"
+inputs:
+  node-version:
+    description: "The node version to setup"
+    required: true
+# outputs: - no outputs
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+    - name: echo github.ref
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo ${{ github.ref }}
+
+    - name: Use Node.js ${{ inputs.node-version }}
+      uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+      with:
+        node-version: ${{ inputs.node-version }}
+
+    - name: Get yarn cache directory path
+      shell: bash
+      id: yarn-cache-dir-path
+      run: echo "::set-output name=dir::$(yarn cache dir)"
+
+    - uses: actions/cache@v3
+      id: yarn-cache
+      with:
+        path: ${{ steps.yarn-cache-dir-path.outputs.dir }}
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-yarn-${{ hashFiles('**/yarn.lock') }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-yarn-
+
+    # if the cache was hit - this will run in <1s
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        yarn --ignore-engines --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
+        yarn check-clean-workspace-after-install