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| 1 | +--- |
| 2 | +title: speak-as |
| 3 | +slug: Web/CSS/speak-as |
| 4 | +page-type: css-property |
| 5 | +browser-compat: css.properties.speak-as |
| 6 | +--- |
| 7 | + |
| 8 | +{{CSSRef}} |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | +The **`speak-as`** [CSS](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) property is used to define how [HTML](/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) content is spoken. The one to three enumerated key terms determine the manner by which elements and text get rendered by aural technologies, such as {{glossary("screen reader", "screen readers")}} and digital assistants. |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +This property applies to all content, including pseudo-elements, with the exception {{cssxref("::marker")}} pseudo-elements constructed via a {{cssxref("@counter-style")}} with a defined [`speak-as`](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@counter-style/speak-as) descriptor, which takes precedence over any inherited `speak-as` property value. |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +## Syntax |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +```css |
| 17 | +/* single value syntax */ |
| 18 | +speak-as: normal; |
| 19 | +speak-as: spell-out; |
| 20 | +speak-as: literal-punctuation; |
| 21 | +speak-as: digits; |
| 22 | +speak-as: no-punctuation; |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | +/* multiple value syntax */ |
| 25 | +speak-as: spell-out literal-punctuation; |
| 26 | +speak-as: spell-out no-punctuation; |
| 27 | +speak-as: digits literal-punctuation; |
| 28 | +speak-as: digits no-punctuation; |
| 29 | +speak-as: spell-out digits literal-punctuation; |
| 30 | +speak-as: spell-out digits no-punctuation; |
| 31 | +``` |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +### Values |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +- `normal` |
| 36 | + - : Normal pronunciation rules with punctuation replaced by pauses. For example, "Hello, world!" would be pronounced as "Hello (pause) world (pause)". This is the default value. |
| 37 | +- `spell-out` |
| 38 | + - : Content is spelled out letter by letter. For example, "role" would be pronounced as "r" "o" "l" "e". |
| 39 | +- `literal-punctuation` |
| 40 | + - : Punctuation marks are spelled out literally. For example, "Hello, world!" would be pronounced as "Hello comma world exclamation mark." |
| 41 | +- `digits` |
| 42 | + - : Numbers are pronounced as individual digits. For example, "31" would be pronounced as "three one". |
| 43 | +- `no-punctuation` |
| 44 | + - : Content is pronounced normally without any punctuation. For example, "Hello, world!" would be pronounced as "Hello" "world". |
| 45 | + |
| 46 | +> [!NOTE] |
| 47 | +> Support of the `speak-as` property is limited and inconsistently implemented across different assistive technologies, such as screen readers or speech synthesizers. To ensure any pronunciation-dependent critical information remains user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience, do not rely solely on this CSS property to define how this information content is presented aurally. |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +## Formal definition |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +{{CSSInfo}} |
| 52 | + |
| 53 | +## Formal syntax |
| 54 | + |
| 55 | +{{CSSSyntax}} |
| 56 | + |
| 57 | +## Examples |
| 58 | + |
| 59 | +### HTML |
| 60 | + |
| 61 | +```HTML |
| 62 | + <p class="normal">Hello, world! I'm 25.</p> |
| 63 | + <p class="spell-out">Hello, world! I'm 25.</p> |
| 64 | + <p class="literal-punctuation">Hello, world! I'm 25.</p> |
| 65 | + <p class="no-punctuation">Hello, world! I'm 25.</p> |
| 66 | + <p class="digits">Hello, world! I'm 25.</p> |
| 67 | + <p class="multi">Hello, world! I'm 25.</p> |
| 68 | +``` |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | +### CSS |
| 71 | + |
| 72 | +```CSS |
| 73 | + .normal { |
| 74 | + speak-as: normal; |
| 75 | + } |
| 76 | + |
| 77 | + .spell-out { |
| 78 | + speak-as: spell-out; |
| 79 | + } |
| 80 | + |
| 81 | + .literal-punctuation { |
| 82 | + speak-as: literal-punctuation; |
| 83 | + } |
| 84 | + |
| 85 | + .no-punctuation { |
| 86 | + speak-as: no-punctuation; |
| 87 | + } |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | + .digits { |
| 90 | + speak-as: digits; |
| 91 | + } |
| 92 | + .multi { |
| 93 | + speak-as: literal-punctuation digits; |
| 94 | + } |
| 95 | +``` |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | +## Specifications |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | +{{Specifications}} |
| 100 | + |
| 101 | +## Browser compatibility |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +{{Compat}} |
| 104 | + |
| 105 | +## See also |
| 106 | + |
| 107 | +- {{cssxref("@counter-style")}} at-rule {{cssxref("@counter-style/speak-as", "speak-as")}} descriptor |
| 108 | +- [CSS counter styles](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_counter_styles) module |
| 109 | +- [CSS lists and counters](/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_lists) module |
| 110 | +- [Web Speech API](/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Speech_API) |
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