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Type erasure на примере RPG-игры.
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‎README.md

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- [Сэндвич](syncfusion/cpp_succinctly/PimplSample)
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## [Type Erasure](type-erasure)
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- [RPG game](type-erasure/rpg-game)
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# Стандартная библиотека
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‎type-erasure/rpg-game/.gitignore

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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/C++.gitignore
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# Prerequisites
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*.d
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*.slo
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‎type-erasure/rpg-game/.idea/.gitignore

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‎type-erasure/rpg-game/.idea/rpg-game.iml

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‎type-erasure/rpg-game/CMakeLists.txt

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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.23)
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project(RPG_game)
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set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
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add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cc Object.cc)

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/Object.cc

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#include "Object.h"
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#include "items/Weapon.h"
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#include "items/Armor.h"
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#include "items/Potion.h"
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#include "items/Scroll.h"
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#include "items/FireScroll.h"
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#include "items/PoisonPotion.h"
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#include "ObjectConcept.h"
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/**
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* just done the inheritance thing. How is this better?
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* It is better not because it affords you more functionality than the inheritance approach,
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* but because it does not tighly couple Weapons and Armors etc through a common base class.
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* It gives me the power of retaining type as templates do.
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*/
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template<typename T>
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struct ObjectModel
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: ObjectConcept
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{
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ObjectModel(T const& t)
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: object(t)
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{}
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~ObjectModel() override = default;
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bool has_attack_concept() const override
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{
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return object.can_attack();
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}
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std::string name() const override
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{
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return typeid(object).name();
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}
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private:
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T object;
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};
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#pragma mark - Object
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template<typename T>
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Object::Object(T const& obj )
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: object_(new ObjectModel<T>(obj))
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{}
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template Object::Object(Weapon const&);
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template Object::Object(Armor const&);
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template Object::Object(Potion const&);
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template Object::Object(Scroll const&);
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template Object::Object(FireScroll const&);
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template Object::Object(PoisonPotion const&);
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std::string Object::name() const
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{
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return object_->name();
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}
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bool Object::has_attack_concept() const
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{
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return object_->has_attack_concept();
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}

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/Object.h

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#pragma once
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#include <memory>
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#include <typeinfo>
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#pragma mark - 1
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//*
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#include <string>
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struct ObjectConcept;
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// Object is a simple "passthrough" object that becomes transparent
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class Object
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{
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public:
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template<typename T>
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Object(T const&);
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std::string name() const;
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bool has_attack_concept() const;
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private:
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std::shared_ptr<ObjectConcept> object_;
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};
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//*/
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#pragma mark - 2
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/*
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#include "ObjectConcept.h"
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// Object is a simple "passthrough" object that becomes transparent
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class Object
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: public ObjectConcept
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{
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public:
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template<typename T>
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Object(T const&);
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std::string name() const override;
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bool has_attack_concept() const override;
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private:
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std::shared_ptr<ObjectConcept> object_;
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};
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//*/

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/ObjectConcept.h

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#pragma once
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#include <string>
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// concept
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// 1. An abstract and general idea; an abstraction.
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// 2. (generic programming) A description of supported operations on a type, including their syntax and semantics.
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struct ObjectConcept
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{
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virtual ~ObjectConcept() = default;
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virtual bool has_attack_concept() const = 0;
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virtual std::string name() const = 0;
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};

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/REFERENCES.md

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- [C++ type erasure](http://www.cplusplus.com/articles/oz18T05o/)
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- [Makefile Tutorial](https://courses.engr.illinois.edu/cs225/fa2018/resources/maketutorial/)
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- Wiki
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- [concept](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/concept)
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- ["All problems in computer science can be solved by another level of indirection" (David Wheeler)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Wheeler_%28computer_scientist%29#Quotes)
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- [Fundamental theorem of software engineering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_software_engineering)

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/items/Armor.h

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#pragma once
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struct Armor
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{
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bool can_attack() const { return false; } // Cannot attack with armor...
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};

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/items/FireScroll.h

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#pragma once
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struct FireScroll
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{
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bool can_attack() const { return true; }
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};

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/items/Helmet.h

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#pragma once
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struct Helmet
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{
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bool can_attack() const { return false; } // Cannot attack with helmet...
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};

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/items/PoisonPotion.h

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#pragma once
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struct PoisonPotion
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{
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bool can_attack() const { return true; }
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};

‎type-erasure/rpg-game/items/Potion.h

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#pragma once
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struct Potion
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{
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bool can_attack() const { return false; }
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};

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