sieve: sync (#115)

* Sync the `sieve` exercise's docs with the latest data.

* Sync the `sieve` exercise's metadata with the latest data.

Author: ErikSchierboom

exercises/practice/sieve/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -1,30 +1,42 @@
 # Instructions
 
-Use the Sieve of Eratosthenes to find all the primes from 2 up to a given
-number.
-
-The Sieve of Eratosthenes is a simple, ancient algorithm for finding all
-prime numbers up to any given limit. It does so by iteratively marking as
-composite (i.e. not prime) the multiples of each prime, starting with the
-multiples of 2. It does not use any division or remainder operation.
-
-Create your range, starting at two and continuing up to and including the given limit. (i.e. [2, limit])
-
-The algorithm consists of repeating the following over and over:
-
-- take the next available unmarked number in your list (it is prime)
-- mark all the multiples of that number (they are not prime)
-
-Repeat until you have processed each number in your range.
-
-When the algorithm terminates, all the numbers in the list that have not
-been marked are prime.
-
-The wikipedia article has a useful graphic that explains the algorithm:
-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_of_Eratosthenes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_of_Eratosthenes)
-
-Notice that this is a very specific algorithm, and the tests don't check
-that you've implemented the algorithm, only that you've come up with the
-correct list of primes. A good first test is to check that you do not use
-division or remainder operations (div, /, mod or % depending on the
-language).
+Your task is to create a program that implements the Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm to find all prime numbers less than or equal to a given number.
+
+A prime number is a number larger than 1 that is only divisible by 1 and itself.
+For example, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13 are prime numbers.
+By contrast, 6 is _not_ a prime number as it not only divisible by 1 and itself, but also by 2 and 3.
+
+To use the Sieve of Eratosthenes, you first create a list of all the numbers between 2 and your given number.
+Then you repeat the following steps:
+
+1. Find the next unmarked number in your list (skipping over marked numbers).
+   This is a prime number.
+2. Mark all the multiples of that prime number as **not** prime.
+
+You keep repeating these steps until you've gone through every number in your list.
+At the end, all the unmarked numbers are prime.
+
+~~~~exercism/note
+The tests don't check that you've implemented the algorithm, only that you've come up with the correct list of primes.
+To check you are implementing the Sieve correctly, a good first test is to check that you do not use division or remainder operations.
+~~~~
+
+## Example
+
+Let's say you're finding the primes less than or equal to 10.
+
+- List out 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, leaving them all unmarked.
+- 2 is unmarked and is therefore a prime.
+  Mark 4, 6, 8 and 10 as "not prime".
+- 3 is unmarked and is therefore a prime.
+  Mark 6 and 9 as not prime _(marking 6 is optional - as it's already been marked)_.
+- 4 is marked as "not prime", so we skip over it.
+- 5 is unmarked and is therefore a prime.
+  Mark 10 as not prime _(optional - as it's already been marked)_.
+- 6 is marked as "not prime", so we skip over it.
+- 7 is unmarked and is therefore a prime.
+- 8 is marked as "not prime", so we skip over it.
+- 9 is marked as "not prime", so we skip over it.
+- 10 is marked as "not prime", so we stop as there are no more numbers to check.
+
+You've examined all numbers and found 2, 3, 5, and 7 are still unmarked, which means they're the primes less than or equal to 10.

exercises/practice/sieve/.docs/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Introduction
+
+You bought a big box of random computer parts at a garage sale.
+You've started putting the parts together to build custom computers.
+
+You want to test the performance of different combinations of parts, and decide to create your own benchmarking program to see how your computers compare.
+You choose the famous "Sieve of Eratosthenes" algorithm, an ancient algorithm, but one that should push your computers to the limits.

exercises/practice/sieve/.meta/config.json

@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
   },
   "blurb": "Use the Sieve of Eratosthenes to find all the primes from 2 up to a given number.",
   "source": "Sieve of Eratosthenes at Wikipedia",
-  "source_url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_of_Eratosthenes"
+  "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_of_Eratosthenes"
 }