diff --git a/pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/row_level_security b/pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/row_level_security
index 7d3304cc1329..601229d98ab4 100644
--- a/pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/row_level_security
+++ b/pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/row_level_security
@@ -323,6 +323,9 @@ GRANT ALL ON db1.* to testuser;
 statement ok
 GRANT ALL ON db1.* to john;
 
+statement ok
+ALTER TABLE target OWNER TO john;
+
 statement ok
 GRANT SYSTEM MODIFYCLUSTERSETTING TO testuser;
 
@@ -1236,6 +1239,78 @@ DROP FUNCTION my_non_sec_definer_reader_function;
 statement ok
 DROP TABLE sensitive_data_table CASCADE;
 
+# Verify that you need to be the table owner to do any of the RLS DDLs
+subtest table_owner_and_rls_ddl
+
+statement ok
+CREATE USER tab_owner;
+
+statement ok
+CREATE USER nontab_owner;
+
+statement ok
+CREATE TABLE table_owner_test ();
+
+statement ok
+ALTER TABLE table_owner_test OWNER TO tab_owner;
+
+statement ok
+GRANT ALL ON table_owner_test TO nontab_owner;
+
+statement ok
+SET ROLE tab_owner;
+
+statement ok
+ALTER TABLE table_owner_test ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY, FORCE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
+
+statement ok
+CREATE POLICY p1 on table_owner_test;
+
+statement ok
+DROP POLICY p1 on table_owner_test;
+
+statement ok
+CREATE POLICY new_p1 on table_owner_test;
+
+statement error pq: unimplemented: ALTER POLICY is not yet implemented
+ALTER POLICY new_p1 on table_owner_test RENAME TO p1;
+
+statement error pq: unimplemented: ALTER POLICY is not yet implemented
+ALTER POLICY p1 on table_owner_test RENAME TO new_p1;
+
+statement error pq: unimplemented: ALTER POLICY is not yet implemented
+ALTER POLICY p1 on table_owner_test USING (true);
+
+statement ok
+SET ROLE nontab_owner;
+
+statement error pq: must be owner of relation table_owner_test
+ALTER TABLE table_owner_test DISABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
+
+statement error pq: must be owner of relation table_owner_test
+ALTER TABLE table_owner_test NO FORCE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
+
+statement error pq: must be owner of relation table_owner_test
+CREATE POLICY p2 on table_owner_test;
+
+statement error pq: must be owner of relation table_owner_test
+DROP POLICY new_p1 on table_owner_test;
+
+statement error pq: unimplemented: ALTER POLICY is not yet implemented
+ALTER POLICY new_p1 on table_owner_test WITH CHECK (true);
+
+statement error pq: unimplemented: ALTER POLICY is not yet implemented
+ALTER POLICY new_p1 on table_owner_test RENAME TO p1;
+
+statement ok
+SET ROLE root
+
+statement ok
+DROP TABLE table_owner_test;
+
+statement ok
+DROP ROLE nontab_owner, tab_owner;
+
 subtest force
 
 statement ok
@@ -1366,10 +1441,16 @@ SELECT c1, c2 FROM force_check WHERE c1 > 0 ORDER BY c1;
 ----
 50 fifty
 
+statement ok
+SET ROLE root;
+
 # Turn on force again, but it shouldn't matter because we aren't the owner anymore
 statement ok
 ALTER TABLE force_check FORCE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
 
+statement ok
+SET ROLE forcer;
+
 # q2 - should not reuse because table version change
 query IT
 SELECT c1, c2 FROM force_check WHERE c1 > 0 ORDER BY c1;
diff --git a/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/alter_table_set_rls_mode.go b/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/alter_table_set_rls_mode.go
index 7240b5c94291..6ada3c8c1a56 100644
--- a/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/alter_table_set_rls_mode.go
+++ b/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/alter_table_set_rls_mode.go
@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@ func alterTableSetRLSMode(
 ) {
 	failIfRLSIsNotEnabled(b)
 
+	// The table is already known to exist, and we would have checked for
+	// the CREATE privilege. However, changing the RLS mode is different,
+	// as it can only be done by the table owner.
+	_ = b.ResolveTable(tn.ToUnresolvedObjectName(), ResolveParams{
+		RequireOwnership: true,
+	})
+
 	switch n.Mode {
 	case tree.TableRLSEnable:
 		b.Add(&scpb.RowLevelSecurityEnabled{
diff --git a/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/create_policy.go b/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/create_policy.go
index 6b042f0164b3..eef554c6ecf5 100644
--- a/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/create_policy.go
+++ b/pkg/sql/schemachanger/scbuild/internal/scbuildstmt/create_policy.go
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func CreatePolicy(b BuildCtx, n *tree.CreatePolicy) {
 	b.IncrementSchemaChangeCreateCounter("policy")
 
 	tableElems := b.ResolveTable(n.TableName, ResolveParams{
-		RequiredPrivilege: privilege.CREATE,
+		RequireOwnership: true,
 	})
 	panicIfSchemaChangeIsDisallowed(tableElems, n)
 	tbl := tableElems.FilterTable().MustGetOneElement()