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cockroach-commands.md

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Cockroach Commands
Learn the commands for configuring, starting, and managing a CockroachDB cluster.
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This page introduces the cockroach commands for configuring, starting, and managing a CockroachDB cluster, as well as logging flags that can be set on any command and environment variables that can be used in place of certain flags.

You can run cockroach help in your shell to get similar guidance.

Commands

Command Usage
start Start a node.
cert Create CA, node, and client certificates.
quit Drain and shutdown a node.
sql Use the built-in SQL client.
user Get, set, list, and remove users.
zone Configure the number and location of replicas for specific sets of data.
node List node IDs and show their status.
dump Back up a table by outputting the SQL statements required to recreate the table and all its rows.
gen Generate manpages, a bash completion file, and example data.
version Output CockroachDB version and dependency details.

Logging Flags

By default, cockroach start logs all messages to files, and client commands log messages to stderr (see --log-dir).

Flag Description
--alsologtostderr Copy log messages at or above this severity level to stderr in addition to log files. Possible values: info, warning, error, fatal, and none. If this flag is set without a value, it uses the info level.

Default: none
--log-dir Write log files in this directory. Log files are named as follows:

cockroach.<host>.<user>.<start date/time + process ID>.<severity level>.log

Default: For the start command, this defaults to <first store dir>/logs; for all client commands, if this flag is empty, CockroachDB logs to stderr.
--logtostderr Write log messages of all severities to stderr and not to log files. If this flag is set to true, --log-dir and --alsologtostderr are ignored. Possible values: true or false.

Default: false
--no-color Do not colorize stderr based on severity. Possible values: true or false.

Default: false

The --log-backtrace-at, --verbosity, and --vmodule flags are intended for internal debugging.

Environment Variables

For many common cockroach flags, such as --port and --user, you can set environment variables once instead of manually passing the flags each time you execute commands.

  • To find out which flags support environment variables, see the documentation for each command.
  • To output the current configuration of CockroachDB and other environment variables, run env.
  • When a node uses environment variables on startup, the variable names are printed to the node's logs; however, the variable values are not.

CockroachDB prioritizes command flags, environment variables, and defaults as follows:

  1. If a flag is set for a command, CockroachDB uses it.
  2. If a flag is not set for a command, CockroachDB uses the corresponding environment variable.
  3. If neither the flag nor environment variable is set, CockroachDB uses the default for the flag.
  4. If there's no flag default, CockroachDB gives an error.