diff --git a/.cargo/config.toml b/.cargo/config.toml
index 9c99fc9e3b..ead4944de9 100644
--- a/.cargo/config.toml
+++ b/.cargo/config.toml
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 [alias]
 compiletest = "run --release -p compiletests --"
+difftest = "run --release -p difftests --"
 
 [target.'cfg(all())']
 rustflags = [
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
index 2972f5cc4a..94db6f8cc2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yaml
@@ -42,6 +42,13 @@ jobs:
       - if: ${{ runner.os == 'Linux' }}
         name: Linux - Install native dependencies
         run: sudo apt install libwayland-cursor0 libxkbcommon-dev libwayland-dev
+      - if: ${{ runner.os == 'Linux' }}
+        name: Install xvfb, llvmpipe and lavapipe
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update -y -qq
+          sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kisak/turtle -y
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt install -y xvfb libgl1-mesa-dri libxcb-xfixes0-dev mesa-vulkan-drivers
       # cargo version is a random command that forces the installation of rust-toolchain
       - name: install rust-toolchain
         run: cargo version
@@ -64,6 +71,10 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ matrix.target != 'aarch64-linux-android' }}
         run: cargo run -p compiletests --release --no-default-features --features "use-installed-tools" -- --target-env vulkan1.1,vulkan1.2,spv1.3
 
+      - name: difftest
+        if: ${{ matrix.target != 'aarch64-linux-android' }}
+        run: cargo run -p difftests --release --no-default-features --features "use-installed-tools"
+
       - name: workspace test
         if: ${{ matrix.target != 'aarch64-linux-android' }}
         run: cargo test --release
@@ -145,8 +156,10 @@ jobs:
         run: cargo fetch --locked
       - name: Rustfmt
         run: cargo fmt --all -- --check
-      - name: Rustfmt tests
-        run: rustfmt --check tests/ui/**/*.rs
+      - name: Rustfmt compiletests
+        run: shopt -s globstar && rustfmt --check tests/compiletests/ui/**/*.rs
+      - name: Rustfmt difftests
+        run: cargo fmt --check --all --manifest-path tests/difftests/tests/Cargo.toml
       - name: Check docs are valid
         run: RUSTDOCFLAGS=-Dwarnings cargo doc --no-deps
       - name: Check docs for `spirv-std` and `spirv-builder` on stable (for docs.rs)
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index da6f67b17b..bc2bc35cf8 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e89da841a80418a9b391ebaea17f5c112ffaaa96f621d2c285b5174da76b9011"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
- "getrandom",
+ "getrandom 0.2.15",
  "once_cell",
  "version_check",
  "zerocopy",
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ef6978589202a00cd7e118380c448a08b6ed394c3a8df3a430d0898e3a42d046"
 dependencies = [
  "android-properties",
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "cc",
  "cesu8",
  "jni",
@@ -146,11 +146,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-wincon"
-version = "3.0.6"
+version = "3.0.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2109dbce0e72be3ec00bed26e6a7479ca384ad226efdd66db8fa2e3a38c83125"
+checksum = "ca3534e77181a9cc07539ad51f2141fe32f6c3ffd4df76db8ad92346b003ae4e"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
+ "once_cell",
  "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
@@ -257,9 +258,9 @@ checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.6.0"
+version = "2.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b048fb63fd8b5923fc5aa7b340d8e156aec7ec02f0c78fa8a6ddc2613f6f71de"
+checksum = "8f68f53c83ab957f72c32642f3868eec03eb974d1fb82e453128456482613d36"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "block"
@@ -278,9 +279,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bumpalo"
-version = "3.16.0"
+version = "3.17.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "79296716171880943b8470b5f8d03aa55eb2e645a4874bdbb28adb49162e012c"
+checksum = "1628fb46dfa0b37568d12e5edd512553eccf6a22a78e8bde00bb4aed84d5bdbf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytemuck"
@@ -304,9 +305,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes"
-version = "1.9.0"
+version = "1.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "325918d6fe32f23b19878fe4b34794ae41fc19ddbe53b10571a4874d44ffd39b"
+checksum = "f61dac84819c6588b558454b194026eb1f09c293b9036ae9b159e74e73ab6cf9"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bytesize"
+version = "2.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a3c8f83209414aacf0eeae3cf730b18d6981697fba62f200fcfb92b9f082acba"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "calloop"
@@ -314,7 +321,7 @@ version = "0.13.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b99da2f8558ca23c71f4fd15dc57c906239752dd27ff3c00a1d56b685b7cbfec"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "log",
  "polling",
  "rustix",
@@ -331,14 +338,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "calloop",
  "rustix",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.7",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.2.6"
+version = "1.2.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8d6dbb628b8f8555f86d0323c2eb39e3ec81901f4b83e091db8a6a76d316a333"
+checksum = "e4730490333d58093109dc02c23174c3f4d490998c3fed3cc8e82d57afedb9cf"
 dependencies = [
  "jobserver",
  "libc",
@@ -371,9 +378,9 @@ checksum = "613afe47fcd5fac7ccf1db93babcb082c5994d996f20b8b159f2ad1658eb5724"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
-version = "4.5.23"
+version = "4.5.28"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3135e7ec2ef7b10c6ed8950f0f792ed96ee093fa088608f1c76e569722700c84"
+checksum = "3e77c3243bd94243c03672cb5154667347c457ca271254724f9f393aee1c05ff"
 dependencies = [
  "clap_builder",
  "clap_derive",
@@ -381,9 +388,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_builder"
-version = "4.5.23"
+version = "4.5.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "30582fc632330df2bd26877bde0c1f4470d57c582bbc070376afcd04d8cb4838"
+checksum = "1b26884eb4b57140e4d2d93652abfa49498b938b3c9179f9fc487b0acc3edad7"
 dependencies = [
  "anstream",
  "anstyle",
@@ -393,9 +400,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_derive"
-version = "4.5.18"
+version = "4.5.28"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4ac6a0c7b1a9e9a5186361f67dfa1b88213572f427fb9ab038efb2bd8c582dab"
+checksum = "bf4ced95c6f4a675af3da73304b9ac4ed991640c36374e4b46795c49e17cf1ed"
 dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -653,9 +660,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "derive_more"
-version = "0.99.18"
+version = "0.99.19"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5f33878137e4dafd7fa914ad4e259e18a4e8e532b9617a2d0150262bf53abfce"
+checksum = "3da29a38df43d6f156149c9b43ded5e018ddff2a855cf2cfd62e8cd7d079c69f"
 dependencies = [
  "convert_case",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -670,6 +677,41 @@ version = "0.1.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "56254986775e3233ffa9c4d7d3faaf6d36a2c09d30b20687e9f88bc8bafc16c8"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "difftest"
+version = "0.9.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytemuck",
+ "futures",
+ "rustc_codegen_spirv",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "spirv-builder",
+ "tempfile",
+ "thiserror",
+ "wgpu",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "difftests"
+version = "0.9.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "bytemuck",
+ "bytesize",
+ "futures",
+ "rustc_codegen_spirv",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "spirv-builder",
+ "tempfile",
+ "tester",
+ "thiserror",
+ "toml",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "dirs-next"
 version = "2.0.0"
@@ -735,9 +777,9 @@ checksum = "60b1af1c220855b6ceac025d3f6ecdd2b7c4894bfe9cd9bda4fbb4bc7c0d4cf0"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "elsa"
-version = "1.10.0"
+version = "1.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d98e71ae4df57d214182a2e5cb90230c0192c6ddfcaa05c36453d46a54713e10"
+checksum = "2343daaeabe09879d4ea058bb4f1e63da3fc07dadc6634e01bda1b3d6a9d9d2b"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
  "stable_deref_trait",
@@ -1033,7 +1075,19 @@ checksum = "c4567c8db10ae91089c99af84c68c38da3ec2f087c3f82960bcdbf3656b6f4d7"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
- "wasi",
+ "wasi 0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "getrandom"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "43a49c392881ce6d5c3b8cb70f98717b7c07aabbdff06687b9030dbfbe2725f8"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "libc",
+ "wasi 0.13.3+wasi-0.2.2",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1082,9 +1136,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "glutin_wgl_sys"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.6.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0a4e1951bbd9434a81aa496fe59ccc2235af3820d27b85f9314e279609211e2c"
+checksum = "2c4ee00b289aba7a9e5306d57c2d05499b2e5dc427f84ac708bd2c090212cf3e"
 dependencies = [
  "gl_generator",
 ]
@@ -1095,7 +1149,7 @@ version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fbcd2dba93594b227a1f57ee09b8b9da8892c34d55aa332e034a228d0fe6a171"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "gpu-alloc-types",
 ]
 
@@ -1105,7 +1159,7 @@ version = "0.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "98ff03b468aa837d70984d55f5d3f846f6ec31fe34bbb97c4f85219caeee1ca4"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1126,7 +1180,7 @@ version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dcf29e94d6d243368b7a56caa16bc213e4f9f8ed38c4d9557069527b5d5281ca"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "gpu-descriptor-types",
  "hashbrown 0.15.2",
 ]
@@ -1137,7 +1191,7 @@ version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fdf242682df893b86f33a73828fb09ca4b2d3bb6cc95249707fc684d27484b91"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1191,9 +1245,9 @@ checksum = "9a3a5bfb195931eeb336b2a7b4d761daec841b97f947d34394601737a7bba5e4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "indexmap"
-version = "2.7.0"
+version = "2.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "62f822373a4fe84d4bb149bf54e584a7f4abec90e072ed49cda0edea5b95471f"
+checksum = "8c9c992b02b5b4c94ea26e32fe5bccb7aa7d9f390ab5c1221ff895bc7ea8b652"
 dependencies = [
  "equivalent",
  "hashbrown 0.15.2",
@@ -1291,9 +1345,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
-version = "0.3.76"
+version = "0.3.77"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6717b6b5b077764fb5966237269cb3c64edddde4b14ce42647430a78ced9e7b7"
+checksum = "1cfaf33c695fc6e08064efbc1f72ec937429614f25eef83af942d0e227c3a28f"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -1370,16 +1424,16 @@ version = "0.1.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c0ff37bd590ca25063e35af745c343cb7a0271906fb7b37e4813e8f79f00268d"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "libc",
  "redox_syscall 0.5.8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "linux-raw-sys"
-version = "0.4.14"
+version = "0.4.15"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "78b3ae25bc7c8c38cec158d1f2757ee79e9b3740fbc7ccf0e59e4b08d793fa89"
+checksum = "d26c52dbd32dccf2d10cac7725f8eae5296885fb5703b261f7d0a0739ec807ab"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "litrs"
@@ -1399,9 +1453,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
-version = "0.4.22"
+version = "0.4.25"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a7a70ba024b9dc04c27ea2f0c0548feb474ec5c54bba33a7f72f873a39d07b24"
+checksum = "04cbf5b083de1c7e0222a7a51dbfdba1cbe1c6ab0b15e29fff3f6c077fd9cd9f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "longest-increasing-subsequence"
@@ -1457,7 +1511,7 @@ version = "0.29.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7ecfd3296f8c56b7c1f6fbac3c71cefa9d78ce009850c45000015f206dc7fa21"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block",
  "core-graphics-types",
  "foreign-types",
@@ -1494,9 +1548,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "miniz_oxide"
-version = "0.8.2"
+version = "0.8.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4ffbe83022cedc1d264172192511ae958937694cd57ce297164951b8b3568394"
+checksum = "b8402cab7aefae129c6977bb0ff1b8fd9a04eb5b51efc50a70bea51cda0c7924"
 dependencies = [
  "adler2",
 ]
@@ -1509,7 +1563,7 @@ checksum = "2886843bf800fba2e3377cff24abf6379b4c4d5c6681eaf9ea5b0d15090450bd"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
- "wasi",
+ "wasi 0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1",
  "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
@@ -1545,7 +1599,7 @@ checksum = "364f94bc34f61332abebe8cad6f6cd82a5b65cff22c828d05d0968911462ca4f"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
  "bit-set",
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "cfg_aliases 0.1.1",
  "codespan-reporting",
  "hexf-parse",
@@ -1565,7 +1619,7 @@ version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c3f42e7bbe13d351b6bead8286a43aac9534b82bd3cc43e47037f012ebfd62d4"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "jni-sys",
  "log",
  "ndk-sys 0.6.0+11769913",
@@ -1617,7 +1671,7 @@ version = "7.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c533b4c39709f9ba5005d8002048266593c1cfaf3c5f0739d5b8ab0c6c504009"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "filetime",
  "fsevent-sys",
  "inotify",
@@ -1736,7 +1790,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e4e89ad9e3d7d297152b17d39ed92cd50ca8063a89a9fa569046d41568891eff"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "libc",
  "objc2",
@@ -1752,7 +1806,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "74dd3b56391c7a0596a295029734d3c1c5e7e510a4cb30245f8221ccea96b009"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "objc2",
  "objc2-core-location",
@@ -1776,7 +1830,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "617fbf49e071c178c0b24c080767db52958f716d9eabdf0890523aeae54773ef"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "objc2",
  "objc2-foundation",
@@ -1808,9 +1862,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "objc2-encode"
-version = "4.0.3"
+version = "4.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7891e71393cd1f227313c9379a26a584ff3d7e6e7159e988851f0934c993f0f8"
+checksum = "ef25abbcd74fb2609453eb695bd2f860d389e457f67dc17cafc8b8cbc89d0c33"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "objc2-foundation"
@@ -1818,7 +1872,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0ee638a5da3799329310ad4cfa62fbf045d5f56e3ef5ba4149e7452dcf89d5a8"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "dispatch",
  "libc",
@@ -1843,7 +1897,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dd0cba1276f6023976a406a14ffa85e1fdd19df6b0f737b063b95f6c8c7aadd6"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "objc2",
  "objc2-foundation",
@@ -1855,7 +1909,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e42bee7bff906b14b167da2bac5efe6b6a07e6f7c0a21a7308d40c960242dc7a"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "objc2",
  "objc2-foundation",
@@ -1878,7 +1932,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b8bb46798b20cd6b91cbd113524c490f1686f4c4e8f49502431415f3512e2b6f"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "objc2",
  "objc2-cloud-kit",
@@ -1910,7 +1964,7 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "76cfcbf642358e8689af64cee815d139339f3ed8ad05103ed5eaf73db8d84cb3"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "objc2",
  "objc2-core-location",
@@ -2012,18 +2066,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project"
-version = "1.1.7"
+version = "1.1.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "be57f64e946e500c8ee36ef6331845d40a93055567ec57e8fae13efd33759b95"
+checksum = "dfe2e71e1471fe07709406bf725f710b02927c9c54b2b5b2ec0e8087d97c327d"
 dependencies = [
  "pin-project-internal",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project-internal"
-version = "1.1.7"
+version = "1.1.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3c0f5fad0874fc7abcd4d750e76917eaebbecaa2c20bde22e1dbeeba8beb758c"
+checksum = "f6e859e6e5bd50440ab63c47e3ebabc90f26251f7c73c3d3e837b74a1cc3fa67"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -2032,9 +2086,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project-lite"
-version = "0.2.15"
+version = "0.2.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "915a1e146535de9163f3987b8944ed8cf49a18bb0056bcebcdcece385cece4ff"
+checksum = "3b3cff922bd51709b605d9ead9aa71031d81447142d828eb4a6eba76fe619f9b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-utils"
@@ -2118,9 +2172,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.92"
+version = "1.0.93"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "37d3544b3f2748c54e147655edb5025752e2303145b5aefb3c3ea2c78b973bb0"
+checksum = "60946a68e5f9d28b0dc1c21bb8a97ee7d018a8b322fa57838ba31cc878e22d99"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -2142,9 +2196,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "quick-xml"
-version = "0.36.2"
+version = "0.37.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f7649a7b4df05aed9ea7ec6f628c67c9953a43869b8bc50929569b2999d443fe"
+checksum = "165859e9e55f79d67b96c5d96f4e88b6f2695a1972849c15a6a3f5c59fc2c003"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
@@ -2160,9 +2214,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "range-alloc"
-version = "0.1.3"
+version = "0.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9c8a99fddc9f0ba0a85884b8d14e3592853e787d581ca1816c91349b10e4eeab"
+checksum = "c3d6831663a5098ea164f89cff59c6284e95f4e3c76ce9848d4529f5ccca9bde"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "raw-string"
@@ -2238,7 +2292,7 @@ version = "0.5.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "03a862b389f93e68874fbf580b9de08dd02facb9a788ebadaf4a3fd33cf58834"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2247,7 +2301,7 @@ version = "0.4.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ba009ff324d1fc1b900bd1fdb31564febe58a8ccc8a6fdbb93b543d33b13ca43"
 dependencies = [
- "getrandom",
+ "getrandom 0.2.15",
  "libredox",
  "thiserror",
 ]
@@ -2394,11 +2448,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustix"
-version = "0.38.42"
+version = "0.38.44"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f93dc38ecbab2eb790ff964bb77fa94faf256fd3e73285fd7ba0903b76bedb85"
+checksum = "fdb5bc1ae2baa591800df16c9ca78619bf65c0488b41b96ccec5d11220d8c154"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "errno",
  "itoa",
  "libc",
@@ -2424,9 +2478,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ryu"
-version = "1.0.18"
+version = "1.0.19"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f3cb5ba0dc43242ce17de99c180e96db90b235b8a9fdc9543c96d2209116bd9f"
+checksum = "6ea1a2d0a644769cc99faa24c3ad26b379b786fe7c36fd3c546254801650e6dd"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "same-file"
@@ -2497,9 +2551,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "semver"
-version = "1.0.24"
+version = "1.0.25"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3cb6eb87a131f756572d7fb904f6e7b68633f09cca868c5df1c4b8d1a694bbba"
+checksum = "f79dfe2d285b0488816f30e700a7438c5a73d816b5b7d3ac72fbc48b0d185e03"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
@@ -2523,9 +2577,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_json"
-version = "1.0.134"
+version = "1.0.138"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d00f4175c42ee48b15416f6193a959ba3a0d67fc699a0db9ad12df9f83991c7d"
+checksum = "d434192e7da787e94a6ea7e9670b26a036d0ca41e0b7efb2676dd32bae872949"
 dependencies = [
  "itoa",
  "memchr",
@@ -2533,6 +2587,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_spanned"
+version = "0.6.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "87607cb1398ed59d48732e575a4c28a7a8ebf2454b964fe3f224f2afc07909e1"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "sharded-slab"
 version = "0.1.7"
@@ -2605,7 +2668,7 @@ version = "0.19.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3457dea1f0eb631b4034d61d4d8c32074caa6cd1ab2d59f2327bd8461e2c0016"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "calloop",
  "calloop-wayland-source",
  "cursor-icon",
@@ -2615,12 +2678,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustix",
  "thiserror",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.7",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.8",
  "wayland-csd-frame",
- "wayland-cursor 0.31.7",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
+ "wayland-cursor 0.31.8",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.6",
  "wayland-protocols-wlr",
- "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
+ "wayland-scanner 0.31.6",
  "xkeysym",
 ]
 
@@ -2660,7 +2723,7 @@ version = "0.3.0+sdk-1.3.268.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "eda41003dc44290527a59b13432d4a0379379fa074b70174882adfbdfd917844"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2770,9 +2833,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.94"
+version = "2.0.98"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "987bc0be1cdea8b10216bd06e2ca407d40b9543468fafd3ddfb02f36e77f71f3"
+checksum = "36147f1a48ae0ec2b5b3bc5b537d267457555a10dc06f3dbc8cb11ba3006d3b1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -2781,12 +2844,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tempfile"
-version = "3.14.0"
+version = "3.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "28cce251fcbc87fac86a866eeb0d6c2d536fc16d06f184bb61aeae11aa4cee0c"
+checksum = "38c246215d7d24f48ae091a2902398798e05d978b24315d6efbc00ede9a8bb91"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "fastrand",
+ "getrandom 0.3.1",
  "once_cell",
  "rustix",
  "windows-sys 0.59.0",
@@ -2923,19 +2987,36 @@ dependencies = [
  "strict-num",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "toml"
+version = "0.8.20"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cd87a5cdd6ffab733b2f74bc4fd7ee5fff6634124999ac278c35fc78c6120148"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "serde_spanned",
+ "toml_datetime",
+ "toml_edit",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_datetime"
 version = "0.6.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0dd7358ecb8fc2f8d014bf86f6f638ce72ba252a2c3a2572f2a795f1d23efb41"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_edit"
-version = "0.22.22"
+version = "0.22.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4ae48d6208a266e853d946088ed816055e556cc6028c5e8e2b84d9fa5dd7c7f5"
+checksum = "02a8b472d1a3d7c18e2d61a489aee3453fd9031c33e4f55bd533f4a7adca1bee"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_spanned",
  "toml_datetime",
  "winnow",
 ]
@@ -3044,9 +3125,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
-version = "1.0.14"
+version = "1.0.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "adb9e6ca4f869e1180728b7950e35922a7fc6397f7b641499e8f3ef06e50dc83"
+checksum = "a210d160f08b701c8721ba1c726c11662f877ea6b7094007e1ca9a1041945034"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-segmentation"
@@ -3074,9 +3155,9 @@ checksum = "06abde3611657adf66d383f00b093d7faecc7fa57071cce2578660c9f1010821"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "valuable"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "830b7e5d4d90034032940e4ace0d9a9a057e7a45cd94e6c007832e39edb82f6d"
+checksum = "ba73ea9cf16a25df0c8caa16c51acb937d5712a8429db78a3ee29d5dcacd3a65"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "version-compare"
@@ -3106,22 +3187,32 @@ version = "0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9c8d87e72b64a3b4db28d11ce29237c246188f4f51057d65a7eab63b7987e423"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wasi"
+version = "0.13.3+wasi-0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "26816d2e1a4a36a2940b96c5296ce403917633dff8f3440e9b236ed6f6bacad2"
+dependencies = [
+ "wit-bindgen-rt",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.2.99"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a474f6281d1d70c17ae7aa6a613c87fce69a127e2624002df63dcb39d6cf6396"
+checksum = "1edc8929d7499fc4e8f0be2262a241556cfc54a0bea223790e71446f2aab1ef5"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "once_cell",
+ "rustversion",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-backend"
-version = "0.2.99"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5f89bb38646b4f81674e8f5c3fb81b562be1fd936d84320f3264486418519c79"
+checksum = "2f0a0651a5c2bc21487bde11ee802ccaf4c51935d0d3d42a6101f98161700bc6"
 dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "log",
@@ -3133,9 +3224,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-futures"
-version = "0.4.49"
+version = "0.4.50"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "38176d9b44ea84e9184eff0bc34cc167ed044f816accfe5922e54d84cf48eca2"
+checksum = "555d470ec0bc3bb57890405e5d4322cc9ea83cebb085523ced7be4144dac1e61"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "js-sys",
@@ -3146,9 +3237,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
-version = "0.2.99"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2cc6181fd9a7492eef6fef1f33961e3695e4579b9872a6f7c83aee556666d4fe"
+checksum = "7fe63fc6d09ed3792bd0897b314f53de8e16568c2b3f7982f468c0bf9bd0b407"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
@@ -3156,9 +3247,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
-version = "0.2.99"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "30d7a95b763d3c45903ed6c81f156801839e5ee968bb07e534c44df0fcd330c2"
+checksum = "8ae87ea40c9f689fc23f209965b6fb8a99ad69aeeb0231408be24920604395de"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -3169,9 +3260,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
-version = "0.2.99"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "943aab3fdaaa029a6e0271b35ea10b72b943135afe9bffca82384098ad0e06a6"
+checksum = "1a05d73b933a847d6cccdda8f838a22ff101ad9bf93e33684f39c1f5f0eece3d"
+dependencies = [
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasmparser"
@@ -3179,21 +3273,21 @@ version = "0.222.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4adf50fde1b1a49c1add6a80d47aea500c88db70551805853aa8b88f3ea27ab5"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-backend"
-version = "0.3.7"
+version = "0.3.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "056535ced7a150d45159d3a8dc30f91a2e2d588ca0b23f70e56033622b8016f6"
+checksum = "b7208998eaa3870dad37ec8836979581506e0c5c64c20c9e79e9d2a10d6f47bf"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "downcast-rs",
  "rustix",
  "scoped-tls",
  "smallvec",
- "wayland-sys 0.31.5",
+ "wayland-sys 0.31.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3214,14 +3308,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-client"
-version = "0.31.7"
+version = "0.31.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b66249d3fc69f76fd74c82cc319300faa554e9d865dab1f7cd66cc20db10b280"
+checksum = "c2120de3d33638aaef5b9f4472bff75f07c56379cf76ea320bd3a3d65ecaf73f"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "rustix",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
+ "wayland-scanner 0.31.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3242,7 +3336,7 @@ version = "0.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "625c5029dbd43d25e6aa9615e88b829a5cad13b2819c4ae129fdbb7c31ab4c7e"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "cursor-icon",
  "wayland-backend",
 ]
@@ -3260,12 +3354,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-cursor"
-version = "0.31.7"
+version = "0.31.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "32b08bc3aafdb0035e7fe0fdf17ba0c09c268732707dca4ae098f60cb28c9e4c"
+checksum = "a93029cbb6650748881a00e4922b076092a6a08c11e7fbdb923f064b23968c5d"
 dependencies = [
  "rustix",
- "wayland-client 0.31.7",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.8",
  "xcursor",
 ]
 
@@ -3283,40 +3377,40 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-protocols"
-version = "0.32.5"
+version = "0.32.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7cd0ade57c4e6e9a8952741325c30bf82f4246885dca8bf561898b86d0c1f58e"
+checksum = "0781cf46869b37e36928f7b432273c0995aa8aed9552c556fb18754420541efc"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.7",
- "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.8",
+ "wayland-scanner 0.31.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-protocols-plasma"
-version = "0.3.5"
+version = "0.3.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9b31cab548ee68c7eb155517f2212049dc151f7cd7910c2b66abfd31c3ee12bd"
+checksum = "7ccaacc76703fefd6763022ac565b590fcade92202492381c95b2edfdf7d46b3"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.7",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
- "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.8",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.6",
+ "wayland-scanner 0.31.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-protocols-wlr"
-version = "0.3.5"
+version = "0.3.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "782e12f6cd923c3c316130d56205ebab53f55d6666b7faddfad36cecaeeb4022"
+checksum = "248a02e6f595aad796561fa82d25601bd2c8c3b145b1c7453fc8f94c1a58f8b2"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.7",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
- "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.8",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.6",
+ "wayland-scanner 0.31.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3332,12 +3426,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-scanner"
-version = "0.31.5"
+version = "0.31.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "597f2001b2e5fc1121e3d5b9791d3e78f05ba6bfa4641053846248e3a13661c3"
+checksum = "896fdafd5d28145fce7958917d69f2fd44469b1d4e861cb5961bcbeebc6d1484"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
- "quick-xml 0.36.2",
+ "quick-xml 0.37.2",
  "quote",
 ]
 
@@ -3354,9 +3448,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-sys"
-version = "0.31.5"
+version = "0.31.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "efa8ac0d8e8ed3e3b5c9fc92c7881406a268e11555abe36493efabe649a29e09"
+checksum = "dbcebb399c77d5aa9fa5db874806ee7b4eba4e73650948e8f93963f128896615"
 dependencies = [
  "dlib",
  "log",
@@ -3366,9 +3460,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "web-sys"
-version = "0.3.76"
+version = "0.3.77"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "04dd7223427d52553d3702c004d3b2fe07c148165faa56313cb00211e31c12bc"
+checksum = "33b6dd2ef9186f1f2072e409e99cd22a975331a6b3591b12c764e0e55c60d5d2"
 dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -3417,7 +3511,7 @@ checksum = "d63c3c478de8e7e01786479919c8769f62a22eec16788d8c2ac77ce2c132778a"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
  "bit-vec",
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "bytemuck",
  "cfg_aliases 0.1.1",
  "document-features",
@@ -3445,7 +3539,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
  "ash",
  "bit-set",
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block",
  "bytemuck",
  "cfg_aliases 0.1.1",
@@ -3486,7 +3580,7 @@ version = "23.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "610f6ff27778148c31093f3b03abc4840f9636d58d597ca2f5977433acfe0068"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "js-sys",
  "web-sys",
 ]
@@ -3793,14 +3887,14 @@ checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winit"
-version = "0.30.7"
+version = "0.30.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dba50bc8ef4b6f1a75c9274fb95aa9a8f63fbc66c56f391bd85cf68d51e7b1a3"
+checksum = "f5d74280aabb958072864bff6cfbcf9025cf8bfacdde5e32b5e12920ef703b0f"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash",
  "android-activity",
  "atomic-waker",
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "block2",
  "bytemuck",
  "calloop",
@@ -3833,8 +3927,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
  "wasm-bindgen-futures",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.7",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.8",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.6",
  "wayland-protocols-plasma",
  "web-sys",
  "web-time",
@@ -3846,13 +3940,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winnow"
-version = "0.6.21"
+version = "0.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e6f5bb5257f2407a5425c6e749bfd9692192a73e70a6060516ac04f889087d68"
+checksum = "86e376c75f4f43f44db463cf729e0d3acbf954d13e22c51e26e4c264b4ab545f"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-bindgen-rt"
+version = "0.33.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3268f3d866458b787f390cf61f4bbb563b922d091359f9608842999eaee3943c"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "x11-dl"
 version = "2.21.0"
@@ -3897,7 +4000,7 @@ version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d039de8032a9a8856a6be89cea3e5d12fdd82306ab7c94d74e6deab2460651c5"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.6.0",
+ "bitflags 2.8.0",
  "dlib",
  "log",
  "once_cell",
@@ -3912,9 +4015,9 @@ checksum = "b9cc00251562a284751c9973bace760d86c0276c471b4be569fe6b068ee97a56"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "xml-rs"
-version = "0.8.24"
+version = "0.8.25"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ea8b391c9a790b496184c29f7f93b9ed5b16abb306c05415b68bcc16e4d06432"
+checksum = "c5b940ebc25896e71dd073bad2dbaa2abfe97b0a391415e22ad1326d9c54e3c4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "yansi"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index d733803889..49de9ce7ad 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ members = [
     "crates/spirv-std/shared",
     "crates/spirv-std/macros",
 
-    "tests",
-    "tests/deps-helper",
+    "tests/compiletests",
+    "tests/compiletests/deps-helper",
+    "tests/difftests/bin",
+    "tests/difftests/lib",
 ]
 
 [workspace.package]
diff --git a/deny.toml b/deny.toml
index 66205b1108..4d99a3c874 100644
--- a/deny.toml
+++ b/deny.toml
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ skip-tree = [
     { name = "num_cpus", version = "=1.16.0", depth = 2 },
     # HACK(LegNeato) `tracing-tree` uses newer dependencies of `tracing`.
     { name = "tracing-tree", version = "=0.3.1" },
+    # HACK(LegNeato) `thorin` has not yet released the version that bumps this.
+    { name = "gimli", version = "=0.30.0" },
 ]
 
 
diff --git a/docs/src/testing.md b/docs/src/testing.md
index 40ad1378e2..b85e54e54b 100644
--- a/docs/src/testing.md
+++ b/docs/src/testing.md
@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
 # Testing Rust-GPU
 
 Rust-GPU has a couple of different kinds of tests, most can be ran through
-`cargo test`, however Rust-GPU also has end-to-end tests for compiling Rust and
-validating its SPIR-V output, which can ran by running `cargo compiletest`.
+`cargo test`. Rust-GPU also has end-to-end tests for compiling Rust and
+validating its SPIR-V output, which can ran by running `cargo compiletest`. Finally,
+Rust-GPU has differential tests, which runs Rust and WGSL shaders and
+makes sure they have the same output. These can be run with `cargo difftest`.
 
 ```bash
-cargo test && cargo compiletest
+cargo test && cargo compiletest && cargo difftest
 ```
 
-## Adding Tests
+## Compile Tests
+
+### Adding Tests
 
 Rust-GPU's end-to-end test's use an external version of the [`compiletest`] tool
 as a testing framework. Be sure to check out the [repository][`compiletest`] and
diff --git a/tests/Cargo.toml b/tests/compiletests/Cargo.toml
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/Cargo.toml
rename to tests/compiletests/Cargo.toml
diff --git a/tests/README.md b/tests/compiletests/README.md
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/README.md
rename to tests/compiletests/README.md
diff --git a/tests/deps-helper/Cargo.toml b/tests/compiletests/deps-helper/Cargo.toml
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/deps-helper/Cargo.toml
rename to tests/compiletests/deps-helper/Cargo.toml
diff --git a/tests/deps-helper/src/lib.rs b/tests/compiletests/deps-helper/src/lib.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/deps-helper/src/lib.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/deps-helper/src/lib.rs
diff --git a/tests/src/main.rs b/tests/compiletests/src/main.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from tests/src/main.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/src/main.rs
index 551e6eb92f..d77af49b47 100644
--- a/tests/src/main.rs
+++ b/tests/compiletests/src/main.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const SPIRV_TARGET_PREFIX: &str = "spirv-unknown-";
 
 fn target_spec_json(target: &str) -> String {
     format!(
-        "{}/../crates/spirv-builder/target-specs/{target}.json",
+        "{}/../../crates/spirv-builder/target-specs/{target}.json",
         env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")
     )
 }
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/all.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/all.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/all.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/all.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/all_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/any.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/any.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/any.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/any.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/any.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/any.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/any.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/any.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/atomic_i_increment.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/atomic_i_increment.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/atomic_i_increment.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/atomic_i_increment.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/control_barrier.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/control_barrier.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/control_barrier.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/control_barrier.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/convert_u_to_acceleration_structure_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/convert_u_to_acceleration_structure_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/convert_u_to_acceleration_structure_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/convert_u_to_acceleration_structure_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/debug_printf.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/debug_printf.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/debug_printf.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/debug_printf.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/debug_printf_type_checking.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/demote_to_helper_invocation.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/demote_to_helper_invocation.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/demote_to_helper_invocation.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/demote_to_helper_invocation.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/device_memory_barrier_with_group_sync.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/emit_stream_vertex.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/emit_stream_vertex.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/emit_stream_vertex.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/emit_stream_vertex.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/emit_vertex.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/emit_vertex.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/emit_vertex.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/emit_vertex.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/end_primitive.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/end_primitive.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/end_primitive.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/end_primitive.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/end_stream_primitive.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/end_stream_primitive.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/end_stream_primitive.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/end_stream_primitive.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/execute_callable.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/execute_callable.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/execute_callable.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/execute_callable.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ignore_intersection_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ignore_intersection_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ignore_intersection_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ignore_intersection_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/index_unchecked.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/index_unchecked.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/index_unchecked.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/index_unchecked.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/integer_min_and_max.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/integer_min_and_max.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/integer_min_and_max.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/integer_min_and_max.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/kill.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/kill.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/kill.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/kill.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/memory_barrier.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/memory_barrier.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/memory_barrier.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/memory_barrier.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_lines.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_lines.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_lines.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_lines.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_points.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_points.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_points.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_points.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_triangles.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_triangles.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_triangles.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_output_triangles.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_payload.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_payload.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_payload.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_payload.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_per_primitive.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_per_primitive.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_per_primitive.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/mesh_shader_per_primitive.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_confirm_intersection_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_confirm_intersection_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_confirm_intersection_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_confirm_intersection_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_barycentrics_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_barycentrics_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_barycentrics_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_barycentrics_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_candidate_aabb_opaque_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_candidate_aabb_opaque_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_candidate_aabb_opaque_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_candidate_aabb_opaque_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_front_face_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_front_face_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_front_face_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_front_face_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_geometry_index_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_geometry_index_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_geometry_index_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_geometry_index_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_custom_index_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_custom_index_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_custom_index_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_custom_index_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_id_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_id_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_id_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_instance_id_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_direction_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_direction_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_direction_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_direction_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_origin_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_origin_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_origin_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_ray_origin_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_to_world_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_to_world_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_to_world_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_object_to_world_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_primitive_index_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_primitive_index_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_primitive_index_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_primitive_index_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_shader_binding_table_record_offset_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_shader_binding_table_record_offset_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_shader_binding_table_record_offset_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_shader_binding_table_record_offset_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_t_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_t_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_t_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_t_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_type_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_type_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_type_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_intersection_type_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_flags_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_flags_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_flags_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_flags_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_t_min_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_t_min_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_t_min_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_ray_t_min_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_direction_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_direction_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_direction_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_direction_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_origin_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_origin_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_origin_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_get_world_ray_origin_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_initialize_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_initialize_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_initialize_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_initialize_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/ray_query_terminate_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_terminate_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/ray_query_terminate_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/ray_query_terminate_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/read_clock_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/read_clock_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/read_clock_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/read_clock_khr.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/arch/report_intersection_khr.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/arch/report_intersection_khr.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/arch/report_intersection_khr.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/arch/report_intersection_khr.rs
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rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ops/logical_and.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ops/logical_and.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ops/range-contains.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ops/range-contains.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ops/range-contains.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ops/range-contains.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_const_scalar.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_null.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_null.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_null.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_null.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ptr/allocate_vec_like.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg-broken.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/member_ref_arg.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg-broken.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/ref/zst_member_ref_arg.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/core/unwrap_or.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/f32/packing.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/f32/packing.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/f32/packing.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/f32/packing.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/f32/signum.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/f32/signum.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/f32/signum.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/f32/signum.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/issue-415.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-415.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/issue-415.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-415.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/issue-46.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-46.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/issue-46.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-46.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/issue-46.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-46.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/issue-46.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-46.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/issue-836.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-836.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/issue-836.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/issue-836.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/panic/builtin.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/builtin.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/panic/builtin.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/builtin.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/panic/builtin_bounds_check.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/builtin_bounds_check.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/panic/builtin_bounds_check.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/builtin_bounds_check.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/panic/simple.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/simple.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/panic/simple.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/simple.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/lang/panic/track_caller.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/all-builtins.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/all-builtins.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/all-builtins.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/all-builtins.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bad-deduce-storage-class.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs-err.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/bool-inputs.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/int-without-flat.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type-empty.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-matrix-type.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-storage-class.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invalid-target.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant-invalid.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/invariant.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/matrix-type.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/matrix-type.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/matrix-type.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/matrix-type.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/spirv-attr/multiple.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/mutability-errors.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/push_constant.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/push_constant.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/push_constant.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/push_constant.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/runtime_descriptor_array_error.stderr
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/storage_buffer-dst.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/storage_buffer-dst.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/storage_buffer-dst.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/storage_buffer-dst.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array_slice.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array_slice.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array_slice.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_descriptor_array_slice.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_slice.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_slice.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_slice.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/storage_class/typed_buffer_slice.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/target_features_err.rs b/tests/compiletests/ui/target_features_err.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/target_features_err.rs
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/target_features_err.rs
diff --git a/tests/ui/target_features_err.stderr b/tests/compiletests/ui/target_features_err.stderr
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ui/target_features_err.stderr
rename to tests/compiletests/ui/target_features_err.stderr
diff --git a/tests/difftests/README.md b/tests/difftests/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..caf8887a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+# Difftests
+
+Difftests verify correctness by running multiple implementations of the same logic and
+comparing their outputs. Instead of relying on fixed reference outputs, they detect
+discrepancies across implementations.
+
+## How It Works
+
+1. **Test Discovery**
+
+   - The harness scans `tests/` for test cases.
+   - A test case is a directory containing at least two Rust binary packages / variants
+     to compare.
+
+2. **Configuration & Execution**
+
+   - The harness creates a temporary output file for each variant binary.
+   - The harness runs each test variant binary with `cargo run --release`.
+   - A JSON config file with the output path and other settings is passed to the test
+     binary as `argv[1]`.
+   - The binary reads the config, runs its computation, and writes to the output file.
+   - Tests are run serially so they have full control of the GPU.
+
+3. **Output Comparison**
+   - The harness reads outputs as opaque bytes.
+   - If outputs differ, the test fails.
+
+Because the difftest harness merely runs Rust binaries in a directory, it supports
+testing various setups. For example, you can:
+
+- Compare different CPU host code (`ash`, `wgpu`, etc.) with different GPU backends
+  (`rust-gpu`, `cuda`, `metal`, `wgsl`, etc.) against each other to make sure the output
+  is consistent.
+- Verify that CPU and GPU implementations produce the same output.
+- Ensure the same `rust-gpu` code gives identical results across different dispatch
+  methods.
+
+## Writing a Test
+
+Create a subdirectory under `tests/` with the test name. For example, `tests/foo/` for a
+test named `foo`. In the test directory, create 2 or more Rust binary packages. Add the
+packages to the top-level workspace `Cargo.toml` in the `tests/` directory. _Note that
+this isn't the top-level workspace for the project._ The test binaries are in their own
+workspace rather than the main workspace.
+
+### Test Binary Example
+
+Each test binary must:
+
+1. Have a unique package name in `Cargo.toml`.
+2. Read the config file path from `argv[1]`.
+3. Load the config using `difftest::Config::from_path`.
+4. Write its computed output to `output_path`.
+
+For example:
+
+```rust
+use difftest::config::Config;
+use std::{env, fs, io::Write};
+
+fn main() {
+    let config_path = env::args().nth(1).expect("No config path provided");
+    let config = Config::from_path(&config_path).expect("Invalid config");
+
+    // Real work would go here.
+    let output = compute_test_output();
+
+    let mut file = fs::File::create(&config.output_path)
+        .expect("Failed to create output file");
+    file.write_all(&output).expect("Failed to write output");
+}
+```
+
+### Common test types
+
+Of course, many test will have common host and GPU needs. Rather than require every test
+binary to reimplement functionality, we have created some common tests with reasonable
+defaults in the `difftest` library.
+
+For example, this will handle compiling the current crate as a Rust compute shader,
+running it via `wgpu`, and writing the output to the appropriate place:
+
+```rust
+fn main() {
+    // Load the config from the harness.
+    let config = Config::from_path(std::env::args().nth(1).unwrap()).unwrap();
+
+    // Define test parameters, loading the rust shader from the current crate.
+    let test = WgpuComputeTest::new(RustComputeShader::default(), [1, 1, 1], 1024);
+
+    // Run the test and write the output to a file.
+    test.run_test(&config).unwrap();
+}
+```
+
+and this will handle loading a shader named `shader.wgsl` or `compute.wgsl` in the root
+of the current crate, running it via `wgpu`, and writing the output to the appropriate
+place:
+
+```rust
+fn main() {
+    // Load the config from the harness.
+    let config = Config::from_path(std::env::args().nth(1).unwrap()).unwrap();
+
+    // Define test parameters, loading the wgsl shader from the crate directory.
+    let test = WgpuComputeTest::new(WgslComputeShader::default(), [1, 1, 1], 1024);
+
+    // Run the test and write the output to a file.
+    test.run_test(&config).unwrap();
+}
+```
+
+## Running Tests
+
+### Run all difftests:
+
+```sh
+cargo difftest
+```
+
+Note that `cargo difftest` is an alias in `.cargo/config` for `cargo run --release -p
+difftest --`.
+
+### Run specific tests by name:
+
+```sh
+cargo difftest some_test_name
+```
+
+### Show stdout/stderr from tests:
+
+```sh
+cargo difftest --nocapture
+```
+
+## Debugging Failing Tests
+
+If outputs differ, the error message lists:
+
+- Binary package names
+- Their directories
+- Output file paths
+
+Inspect the output files with your preferred tools to determine the differences.
+
+If you suspect a bug in the test harness, you can view detailed test harness logs:
+
+```sh
+RUST_LOG=trace cargo difftest
+```
diff --git a/tests/difftests/bin/Cargo.toml b/tests/difftests/bin/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..571631e570
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/bin/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+[package]
+name = "difftests"
+version.workspace = true
+authors.workspace = true
+edition.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+repository.workspace = true
+
+# See rustc_codegen_spirv/Cargo.toml for details on these features
+[features]
+default = ["use-compiled-tools"]
+use-installed-tools = [
+    "rustc_codegen_spirv/use-installed-tools",
+    "spirv-builder/use-installed-tools"
+]
+use-compiled-tools = [
+    "rustc_codegen_spirv/use-compiled-tools",
+    "spirv-builder/use-compiled-tools"
+]
+
+[dependencies]
+rustc_codegen_spirv.workspace = true
+spirv-builder.workspace = true
+anyhow = "1.0"
+tracing = "0.1"
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["fmt"] }
+tempfile = "3.5"
+futures = "0.3.31"
+tester = "0.9.1"
+bytemuck = "1.21.0"
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0"
+thiserror = "1.0"
+toml = { version = "0.8.20", default-features = false, features = ["parse"] }
+bytesize = "2.0.1"
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
diff --git a/tests/difftests/bin/src/main.rs b/tests/difftests/bin/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca76acb8df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/bin/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use std::{env, process};
+use tester::{
+    ColorConfig, DynTestName, OutputFormat, RunIgnored, ShouldPanic, TestDesc, TestDescAndFn,
+    TestFn, TestType, run_tests_console,
+    test::{TestOpts, parse_opts},
+};
+use tracing_subscriber::FmtSubscriber;
+
+mod runner;
+use runner::Runner;
+
+fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    let subscriber = FmtSubscriber::builder()
+        .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
+        .finish();
+    tracing::subscriber::set_global_default(subscriber).expect("Failed to set global subscriber");
+
+    let args: Vec<String> = env::args().collect();
+    let opts: TestOpts = match parse_opts(&args) {
+        Some(Ok(o)) => TestOpts {
+            test_threads: Some(1),
+            ..o
+        },
+        Some(Err(e)) => {
+            eprintln!("Error parsing test options: {}", e);
+            process::exit(1);
+        }
+        None => TestOpts {
+            list: false,
+            filters: vec![],
+            filter_exact: false,
+            force_run_in_process: false,
+            exclude_should_panic: false,
+            run_ignored: RunIgnored::No,
+            run_tests: true,
+            bench_benchmarks: false,
+            logfile: None,
+            nocapture: false,
+            color: ColorConfig::AutoColor,
+            format: OutputFormat::Pretty,
+            test_threads: Some(1),
+            skip: vec![],
+            time_options: None,
+            options: tester::Options {
+                display_output: true,
+                panic_abort: true,
+            },
+        },
+    };
+
+    // Find the manifest directory at compile time and locate tests in ../tests.
+    let manifest_dir = env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR");
+    let base = std::path::Path::new(manifest_dir)
+        .join("../tests")
+        .canonicalize()
+        .expect("Failed to canonicalize tests directory");
+    tracing::debug!("Using tests directory: {}", base.display());
+
+    let runner = Runner::new(base.clone());
+
+    let test_cases =
+        Runner::collect_test_dirs(&base).expect("Failed to collect test case directories");
+    if test_cases.is_empty() {
+        eprintln!("No valid tests found in {}", base.display());
+        process::exit(1);
+    }
+
+    let tests: Vec<TestDescAndFn> = test_cases
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|case| {
+            let test_name = Runner::format_test_name(&case, &base);
+            TestDescAndFn {
+                desc: TestDesc {
+                    name: DynTestName(test_name.clone()),
+                    ignore: false,
+                    should_panic: ShouldPanic::No,
+                    allow_fail: false,
+                    test_type: TestType::IntegrationTest,
+                },
+                testfn: TestFn::DynTestFn(Box::new({
+                    let runner = runner.clone();
+                    move || {
+                        runner
+                            .run_test_case(&case)
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("{}", e));
+                    }
+                })),
+            }
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    let passed = run_tests_console(&opts, tests).expect("Failed to run tests");
+
+    process::exit(if passed { 0 } else { 1 });
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/bin/src/runner.rs b/tests/difftests/bin/src/runner.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bac35eb3fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/bin/src/runner.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+use bytesize::ByteSize;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+    fs,
+    io::Write,
+    path::{Component, Path, PathBuf},
+    process::Command,
+};
+use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
+use thiserror::Error;
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, trace};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum RunnerError {
+    #[error("I/O error: {source}")]
+    Io {
+        #[from]
+        source: std::io::Error,
+    },
+    #[error("TOML parse error in manifest at {path:?}: {source}")]
+    Toml {
+        path: PathBuf,
+        #[source]
+        source: toml::de::Error,
+    },
+    #[error("Manifest error in manifest at {path:?}")]
+    Manifest { path: PathBuf },
+    #[error("Insufficient binary packages: found {count}, but at least 2 are required.")]
+    InsufficientPackages { count: usize },
+    #[error("All binaries produced empty output.")]
+    EmptyOutput,
+    #[error(
+        "Duplicate package name found: {pkg_name}. Packages must use unique names as we reuse the target directory to reduce compile times"
+    )]
+    DuplicatePackageName { pkg_name: String },
+    #[error("Outputs differ:\n\n{0}")]
+    DifferingOutput(String),
+    #[error(
+        "Cargo execution failed in package '{pkg_name}' at '{package_path}' with exit code {exit_status}. Stderr:\n{stderr}"
+    )]
+    CargoExecutionFailed {
+        pkg_name: String,
+        package_path: PathBuf,
+        exit_status: i32,
+        stderr: String,
+    },
+    #[error("Configuration error: {msg}")]
+    Config { msg: String },
+}
+
+pub type RunnerResult<T> = std::result::Result<T, RunnerError>;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct HarnessConfig {
+    pub output_path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct CargoPackage {
+    name: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct CargoManifest {
+    package: CargoPackage,
+}
+
+struct PackageOutput {
+    pkg_name: String,
+    package_path: PathBuf,
+    output: Vec<u8>,
+    temp_path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Runner {
+    pub base_dir: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl Runner {
+    pub fn new(base_dir: PathBuf) -> Self {
+        Self { base_dir }
+    }
+
+    pub fn run_test_case(&self, test_case: &Path) -> RunnerResult<()> {
+        trace!("Starting test case: {}", test_case.display());
+        let packages = self.collect_packages(test_case)?;
+        debug!(
+            "Found {} package(s) in test case {}",
+            packages.len(),
+            test_case.display()
+        );
+        if packages.len() < 2 {
+            error!("Insufficient packages in test case {}", test_case.display());
+            return Err(RunnerError::InsufficientPackages {
+                count: packages.len(),
+            });
+        }
+
+        // Pre-check that package names are globally unique.
+        let mut names_seen = HashSet::new();
+        for package in &packages {
+            let manifest_path = package.join("Cargo.toml");
+            let pkg_name = self.get_package_name(&manifest_path)?;
+            if !names_seen.insert(pkg_name.clone()) {
+                return Err(RunnerError::DuplicatePackageName { pkg_name });
+            }
+        }
+
+        let mut temp_files: Vec<NamedTempFile> = Vec::with_capacity(packages.len());
+        let mut pkg_outputs: Vec<PackageOutput> = Vec::with_capacity(packages.len());
+
+        for package in packages {
+            trace!("Processing package at {}", package.display());
+            let manifest_path = package.join("Cargo.toml");
+            let pkg_name = self.get_package_name(&manifest_path)?;
+            debug!("Package '{}' detected", pkg_name);
+
+            let output_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
+            let temp_output_path = output_file.path().to_path_buf();
+            temp_files.push(output_file);
+            trace!(
+                "Temporary output file created at {}",
+                temp_output_path.display()
+            );
+
+            let config = HarnessConfig {
+                output_path: temp_output_path.clone(),
+            };
+            let config_json = serde_json::to_string(&config)
+                .map_err(|e| RunnerError::Config { msg: e.to_string() })?;
+            let mut config_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
+            write!(config_file, "{}", config_json).map_err(|e| RunnerError::Io { source: e })?;
+            trace!("Config file created at {}", config_file.path().display());
+
+            let mut cmd = Command::new("cargo");
+            let cmd = cmd
+                .arg("run")
+                .arg("--release")
+                .arg("--manifest-path")
+                .arg(
+                    manifest_path
+                        .to_str()
+                        .ok_or_else(|| RunnerError::Manifest {
+                            path: manifest_path.clone(),
+                        })?,
+                )
+                .arg(
+                    config_file
+                        .path()
+                        .to_str()
+                        .ok_or_else(|| RunnerError::Config {
+                            msg: "Invalid config file path".into(),
+                        })?,
+                );
+            debug!("Running cargo command: {:?}", cmd);
+
+            let output = cmd
+                .current_dir(&package)
+                .output()
+                .map_err(|e| RunnerError::Io { source: e })?;
+            let exit_code = output.status.code().unwrap_or(-1);
+            debug!(
+                "Cargo run for package '{}' exited with code {}",
+                pkg_name, exit_code
+            );
+            if !output.status.success() {
+                let stderr_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr).to_string();
+                error!("Cargo execution failed for package '{}'", pkg_name);
+                return Err(RunnerError::CargoExecutionFailed {
+                    pkg_name,
+                    package_path: package,
+                    exit_status: exit_code,
+                    stderr: stderr_str,
+                });
+            }
+
+            let output_bytes = fs::read(temp_files.last().unwrap().path())?;
+            debug!(
+                "Read {} bytes of output for package '{}'",
+                output_bytes.len(),
+                pkg_name
+            );
+            pkg_outputs.push(PackageOutput {
+                pkg_name,
+                package_path: package,
+                output: output_bytes,
+                temp_path: temp_output_path,
+            });
+        }
+
+        if pkg_outputs.iter().all(|po| po.output.is_empty()) {
+            error!("All packages produced empty output.");
+            return Err(RunnerError::EmptyOutput);
+        }
+
+        let groups = self.group_outputs(&pkg_outputs);
+        if groups.len() > 1 {
+            let details = self.format_group_details(&pkg_outputs);
+            self.keep_temp_files(&mut temp_files);
+            return Err(RunnerError::DifferingOutput(details));
+        }
+        info!(
+            "Test case '{}' passed.",
+            Runner::format_test_name(test_case, test_case.parent().unwrap_or(test_case))
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[allow(clippy::unused_self)]
+    fn collect_packages(&self, test_case: &Path) -> RunnerResult<Vec<PathBuf>> {
+        let mut packages = Vec::new();
+        for entry in fs::read_dir(test_case)? {
+            let entry = entry?;
+            let path = entry.path();
+            if path.is_dir() && path.join("Cargo.toml").exists() {
+                debug!("Found package candidate: {}", path.display());
+                packages.push(path);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(packages)
+    }
+
+    #[allow(clippy::unused_self)]
+    fn group_outputs<'a>(
+        &self,
+        pkg_outputs: &'a [PackageOutput],
+    ) -> HashMap<Vec<u8>, Vec<&'a PackageOutput>> {
+        let mut groups: HashMap<Vec<u8>, Vec<&'a PackageOutput>> = HashMap::new();
+        for po in pkg_outputs {
+            groups.entry(po.output.clone()).or_default().push(po);
+        }
+        groups
+    }
+
+    fn format_group_details(&self, pkg_outputs: &[PackageOutput]) -> String {
+        let groups = self.group_outputs(pkg_outputs);
+        const TOTAL_WIDTH: usize = 50;
+        let mut details = Vec::with_capacity(groups.len() * 4);
+        for (i, (output, group)) in groups.iter().enumerate() {
+            let group_index = i + 1;
+            let header = format!(
+                "╭─ Output {} ({}) ",
+                group_index,
+                ByteSize::b(output.len() as u64)
+            );
+            let header = if header.len() < TOTAL_WIDTH {
+                format!("{}{}", header, "─".repeat(TOTAL_WIDTH - header.len()))
+            } else {
+                header
+            };
+            details.push(header);
+            for po in group {
+                let p = po
+                    .package_path
+                    .strip_prefix(self.base_dir.parent().expect("base_dir is not root"))
+                    .expect("base_path is not a prefix of package_path");
+                details.push(format!("│ {} ({})", po.pkg_name, p.display()));
+            }
+            let footer = format!("╰──▶ {} \n", group[0].temp_path.display());
+            details.push(footer);
+        }
+        details.join("\n")
+    }
+
+    #[allow(clippy::unused_self)]
+    fn get_package_name(&self, manifest_path: &Path) -> RunnerResult<String> {
+        trace!("Reading manifest from {}", manifest_path.display());
+        let content = fs::read_to_string(manifest_path)?;
+        let manifest: CargoManifest = toml::from_str(&content).map_err(|e| RunnerError::Toml {
+            path: manifest_path.to_path_buf(),
+            source: e,
+        })?;
+        debug!("Package name '{}' found in manifest", manifest.package.name);
+        Ok(manifest.package.name)
+    }
+
+    #[allow(clippy::unused_self)]
+    fn keep_temp_files(&self, temp_files: &mut Vec<NamedTempFile>) {
+        for file in temp_files.drain(..) {
+            let _ = file.into_temp_path().keep();
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn format_test_name(test_case: &Path, base: &Path) -> String {
+        let name = test_case.strip_prefix(base).map_or_else(
+            |_| test_case.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
+            |relative| {
+                relative
+                    .components()
+                    .filter_map(|comp| match comp {
+                        Component::Normal(os_str) => Some(os_str.to_string_lossy()),
+                        _ => None,
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .join("::")
+            },
+        );
+        format!("difftests::{}", name)
+    }
+
+    pub fn collect_test_dirs(root: &Path) -> RunnerResult<Vec<PathBuf>> {
+        let mut test_cases = Vec::new();
+        for entry in fs::read_dir(root)? {
+            let entry = entry?;
+            let path = entry.path();
+            if path.is_dir() {
+                if Runner::collect_test_binaries(&path)?.len() >= 2 {
+                    debug!("Test case found: {}", path.display());
+                    test_cases.push(path.clone());
+                }
+                let mut subdirs = Runner::collect_test_dirs(&path)?;
+                test_cases.append(&mut subdirs);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(test_cases)
+    }
+
+    fn collect_test_binaries(test_case: &Path) -> RunnerResult<Vec<PathBuf>> {
+        let mut packages = Vec::new();
+        for entry in fs::read_dir(test_case)? {
+            let entry = entry?;
+            let path = entry.path();
+            if path.is_dir() && path.join("Cargo.toml").exists() {
+                debug!("Found binary package candidate: {}", path.display());
+                packages.push(path);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(packages)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::{fs, io::Write, path::Path, path::PathBuf};
+    use tempfile::{NamedTempFile, tempdir};
+
+    fn dummy_package_output(name: &str, path: &str, output: &[u8], temp: &str) -> PackageOutput {
+        PackageOutput {
+            pkg_name: name.to_string(),
+            package_path: PathBuf::from(path),
+            output: output.to_vec(),
+            temp_path: PathBuf::from(temp),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_group_outputs_multiple_groups() {
+        let pkg1 = dummy_package_output("foo", "/path/to/foo", b"hello", "tmp1");
+        let pkg2 = dummy_package_output("bar", "/path/to/bar", b"world", "tmp2");
+        let pkg3 = dummy_package_output("baz", "/path/to/baz", b"hello", "tmp3");
+        let outputs = vec![pkg1, pkg2, pkg3];
+        let runner = Runner::new(PathBuf::from("dummy_base"));
+        let groups = runner.group_outputs(&outputs);
+        assert_eq!(groups.len(), 2);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_format_test_name() {
+        let base = Path::new("/home/user/tests");
+        let test_case = base.join("group1/testcase1");
+        let formatted = Runner::format_test_name(&test_case, base);
+        assert_eq!(formatted, "difftests::group1::testcase1");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_get_package_name() {
+        let mut temp = NamedTempFile::new().expect("failed to create temp file");
+        let cargo_toml = r#"
+            [package]
+            name = "dummy_package"
+            version = "0.1.0"
+            edition = "2021"
+        "#;
+        write!(temp, "{}", cargo_toml).expect("failed to write to temp file");
+        let runner = Runner::new(PathBuf::from("dummy_base"));
+        let pkg_name = runner
+            .get_package_name(temp.path())
+            .expect("failed to get package name");
+        assert_eq!(pkg_name, "dummy_package");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collect_packages() {
+        let temp_dir = tempdir().expect("failed to create temp dir");
+        let dir_path = temp_dir.path();
+        let pkg_dir = dir_path.join("pkg1");
+        fs::create_dir(&pkg_dir).expect("failed to create pkg1 dir");
+        fs::write(pkg_dir.join("Cargo.toml"), "[package]\nname = \"pkg1\"")
+            .expect("failed to write Cargo.toml");
+        let runner = Runner::new(PathBuf::from("dummy_base"));
+        let packages = runner
+            .collect_packages(dir_path)
+            .expect("failed to collect packages");
+        assert_eq!(packages.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(packages[0], pkg_dir);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collect_test_dirs() {
+        let temp_dir = tempdir().expect("failed to create temp dir");
+        let base = temp_dir.path();
+        let test_case_dir = base.join("test_case");
+        fs::create_dir(&test_case_dir).expect("failed to create test_case dir");
+        let pkg1_dir = test_case_dir.join("pkg1");
+        fs::create_dir(&pkg1_dir).expect("failed to create pkg1");
+        fs::write(pkg1_dir.join("Cargo.toml"), "[package]\nname = \"pkg1\"")
+            .expect("failed to write Cargo.toml for pkg1");
+        let pkg2_dir = test_case_dir.join("pkg2");
+        fs::create_dir(&pkg2_dir).expect("failed to create pkg2");
+        fs::write(pkg2_dir.join("Cargo.toml"), "[package]\nname = \"pkg2\"")
+            .expect("failed to write Cargo.toml for pkg2");
+        let test_dirs = Runner::collect_test_dirs(base).expect("failed to collect test dirs");
+        assert!(test_dirs.contains(&test_case_dir));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_run_test_case_insufficient_packages() {
+        let temp_dir = tempdir().expect("failed to create temp dir");
+        let test_case_dir = temp_dir.path().join("single_pkg");
+        fs::create_dir(&test_case_dir).expect("failed to create test_case dir");
+        let pkg_dir = test_case_dir.join("pkg1");
+        fs::create_dir(&pkg_dir).expect("failed to create pkg1");
+        fs::write(pkg_dir.join("Cargo.toml"), "[package]\nname = \"pkg1\"")
+            .expect("failed to write Cargo.toml for pkg1");
+        let runner = Runner::new(PathBuf::from("dummy_base"));
+        let result = runner.run_test_case(&test_case_dir);
+        match result {
+            Err(RunnerError::InsufficientPackages { count }) => assert_eq!(count, 1),
+            _ => panic!("Expected InsufficientPackages error"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_duplicate_package_names() {
+        let temp_dir = tempdir().expect("failed to create temp dir");
+        let test_case_dir = temp_dir.path().join("dup_pkg");
+        fs::create_dir(&test_case_dir).expect("failed to create test_case dir");
+        let pkg1_dir = test_case_dir.join("pkg1");
+        fs::create_dir(&pkg1_dir).expect("failed to create pkg1");
+        fs::write(pkg1_dir.join("Cargo.toml"), "[package]\nname = \"dup_pkg\"")
+            .expect("failed to write Cargo.toml for pkg1");
+        let pkg2_dir = test_case_dir.join("pkg2");
+        fs::create_dir(&pkg2_dir).expect("failed to create pkg2");
+        fs::write(pkg2_dir.join("Cargo.toml"), "[package]\nname = \"dup_pkg\"")
+            .expect("failed to write Cargo.toml for pkg2");
+        let runner = Runner::new(PathBuf::from("dummy_base"));
+        let result = runner.run_test_case(&test_case_dir);
+        match result {
+            Err(RunnerError::DuplicatePackageName { pkg_name }) => assert_eq!(pkg_name, "dup_pkg"),
+            _ => panic!("Expected DuplicatePackageName error"),
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/lib/Cargo.toml b/tests/difftests/lib/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4459cc202d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/lib/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+[package]
+name = "difftest"
+version.workspace = true
+authors.workspace = true
+edition.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+repository.workspace = true
+
+# See rustc_codegen_spirv/Cargo.toml for details on these features
+[features]
+default = ["use-compiled-tools"]
+use-installed-tools = [
+    "spirv-builder/use-installed-tools"
+]
+use-compiled-tools = [
+    "spirv-builder/use-compiled-tools"
+]
+
+[dependencies]
+rustc_codegen_spirv.workspace = true
+spirv-builder.workspace = true
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0"
+wgpu = { version = "23", features = ["spirv", "vulkan-portability"] }
+tempfile = "3.5"
+futures = "0.3.31"
+bytemuck = "1.21.0"
+thiserror = "1.0"
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
diff --git a/tests/difftests/lib/src/config.rs b/tests/difftests/lib/src/config.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..28c6ebb6b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/lib/src/config.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use std::{fs, path::Path};
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum ConfigError {
+    #[error("I/O error: {0}")]
+    Io(#[from] std::io::Error),
+    #[error("JSON error: {0}")]
+    Json(#[from] serde_json::Error),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Config {
+    pub output_path: std::path::PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl Config {
+    pub fn from_path<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<Self, ConfigError> {
+        let content = fs::read_to_string(path)?;
+        let config = serde_json::from_str(&content)?;
+        Ok(config)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/lib/src/lib.rs b/tests/difftests/lib/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb32118b29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/lib/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+pub mod config;
+pub mod scaffold;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::config::Config;
+    use std::io::Write;
+    use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_config_from_path() {
+        let mut tmp = NamedTempFile::new().unwrap();
+        let config_json = r#"{ "output_path": "/tmp/output.txt" }"#;
+        write!(tmp, "{}", config_json).unwrap();
+        let config = Config::from_path(tmp.path()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(config.output_path.to_str().unwrap(), "/tmp/output.txt");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/compute/mod.rs b/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/compute/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0478faecfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/compute/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+mod wgpu;
+pub use wgpu::{RustComputeShader, WgpuComputeTest, WgslComputeShader};
diff --git a/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/compute/wgpu.rs b/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/compute/wgpu.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1125fd4f39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/compute/wgpu.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+use crate::config::Config;
+use bytemuck::Pod;
+use futures::{channel::oneshot::Canceled, executor::block_on};
+use spirv_builder::{ModuleResult, SpirvBuilder};
+use std::{
+    borrow::Cow,
+    env,
+    fs::{self, File},
+    io::Write,
+    path::PathBuf,
+};
+use thiserror::Error;
+use wgpu::{BufferAsyncError, PipelineCompilationOptions, util::DeviceExt};
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum ComputeError {
+    #[error("Failed to find a suitable GPU adapter")]
+    AdapterNotFound,
+    #[error("Failed to create device: {0}")]
+    DeviceCreationFailed(String),
+    #[error("Failed to load shader: {0}")]
+    ShaderLoadFailed(String),
+    #[error("Mapping compute output future canceled: {0}")]
+    MappingCanceled(Canceled),
+    #[error("Mapping compute output failed: {0}")]
+    MappingFailed(BufferAsyncError),
+}
+
+/// Trait that creates a shader module and provides its entry point.
+pub trait ComputeShader {
+    fn create_module(
+        &self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+    ) -> Result<(wgpu::ShaderModule, Option<String>), ComputeError>;
+}
+
+/// A compute shader written in Rust compiled with spirv-builder.
+pub struct RustComputeShader {
+    pub path: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl RustComputeShader {
+    pub fn new<P: Into<PathBuf>>(path: P) -> Self {
+        Self { path: path.into() }
+    }
+}
+
+impl ComputeShader for RustComputeShader {
+    fn create_module(
+        &self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+    ) -> Result<(wgpu::ShaderModule, Option<String>), ComputeError> {
+        let builder = SpirvBuilder::new(&self.path, "spirv-unknown-vulkan1.1")
+            .print_metadata(spirv_builder::MetadataPrintout::None)
+            .release(true)
+            .multimodule(false)
+            .shader_panic_strategy(spirv_builder::ShaderPanicStrategy::SilentExit)
+            .preserve_bindings(true);
+        let artifact = builder
+            .build()
+            .map_err(|e| ComputeError::ShaderLoadFailed(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        if artifact.entry_points.len() != 1 {
+            return Err(ComputeError::ShaderLoadFailed(format!(
+                "Expected exactly one entry point, found {}",
+                artifact.entry_points.len()
+            )));
+        }
+        let entry_point = artifact.entry_points.into_iter().next().unwrap();
+
+        let shader_bytes = match artifact.module {
+            ModuleResult::SingleModule(path) => {
+                fs::read(&path).map_err(|e| ComputeError::ShaderLoadFailed(e.to_string()))?
+            }
+            ModuleResult::MultiModule(_modules) => {
+                return Err(ComputeError::ShaderLoadFailed(
+                    "Multiple modules produced".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+        };
+
+        if shader_bytes.len() % 4 != 0 {
+            return Err(ComputeError::ShaderLoadFailed(
+                "SPIR-V binary length is not a multiple of 4".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        let shader_words: Vec<u32> = bytemuck::cast_slice(&shader_bytes).to_vec();
+        let module = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+            label: Some("Compute Shader"),
+            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::SpirV(Cow::Owned(shader_words)),
+        });
+        Ok((module, Some(entry_point)))
+    }
+}
+
+/// A WGSL compute shader.
+pub struct WgslComputeShader {
+    pub path: PathBuf,
+    pub entry_point: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl WgslComputeShader {
+    pub fn new<P: Into<PathBuf>>(path: P, entry_point: Option<String>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            path: path.into(),
+            entry_point,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl ComputeShader for WgslComputeShader {
+    fn create_module(
+        &self,
+        device: &wgpu::Device,
+    ) -> Result<(wgpu::ShaderModule, Option<String>), ComputeError> {
+        let shader_source = fs::read_to_string(&self.path)
+            .map_err(|e| ComputeError::ShaderLoadFailed(e.to_string()))?;
+        let module = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+            label: Some("Compute Shader"),
+            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(Cow::Owned(shader_source)),
+        });
+        Ok((module, self.entry_point.clone()))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Compute test that is generic over the shader type.
+pub struct WgpuComputeTest<S> {
+    shader: S,
+    dispatch: [u32; 3],
+    output_bytes: u64,
+}
+
+impl<S> WgpuComputeTest<S>
+where
+    S: ComputeShader,
+{
+    pub fn new(shader: S, dispatch: [u32; 3], output_bytes: u64) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            shader,
+            dispatch,
+            output_bytes,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn init() -> Result<(wgpu::Device, wgpu::Queue), ComputeError> {
+        block_on(async {
+            let instance = wgpu::Instance::new(wgpu::InstanceDescriptor {
+                #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+                backends: wgpu::Backends::VULKAN,
+                #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+                backends: wgpu::Backends::PRIMARY,
+                dx12_shader_compiler: Default::default(),
+                flags: Default::default(),
+                gles_minor_version: Default::default(),
+            });
+            let adapter = instance
+                .request_adapter(&wgpu::RequestAdapterOptions {
+                    power_preference: wgpu::PowerPreference::HighPerformance,
+                    compatible_surface: None,
+                    force_fallback_adapter: false,
+                })
+                .await
+                .ok_or(ComputeError::AdapterNotFound)?;
+            let (device, queue) = adapter
+                .request_device(
+                    &wgpu::DeviceDescriptor {
+                        label: Some("wgpu Device"),
+                        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+                        required_features: wgpu::Features::SPIRV_SHADER_PASSTHROUGH,
+                        #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
+                        required_features: wgpu::Features::empty(),
+                        required_limits: wgpu::Limits::default(),
+                        memory_hints: Default::default(),
+                    },
+                    None,
+                )
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| ComputeError::DeviceCreationFailed(e.to_string()))?;
+            Ok((device, queue))
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn run_internal<I>(self, input: Option<I>) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ComputeError>
+    where
+        I: Sized + Pod,
+    {
+        let (device, queue) = Self::init()?;
+        let (module, entrypoint) = self.shader.create_module(&device)?;
+        let pipeline = device.create_compute_pipeline(&wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor {
+            label: Some("Compute Pipeline"),
+            layout: None,
+            module: &module,
+            entry_point: entrypoint.as_deref(),
+            compilation_options: PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
+            cache: None,
+        });
+
+        // Create the output buffer.
+        let output_buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+            label: Some("Output Buffer"),
+            size: self.output_bytes,
+            usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::STORAGE | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_SRC,
+            mapped_at_creation: true,
+        });
+        {
+            // Zero the buffer.
+            let initial_data = vec![0u8; self.output_bytes as usize];
+            let mut mapping = output_buffer.slice(..).get_mapped_range_mut();
+            mapping.copy_from_slice(&initial_data);
+        }
+        output_buffer.unmap();
+
+        // Build the bind group.
+        let bind_group = if let Some(input_val) = input {
+            let input_bytes = bytemuck::bytes_of(&input_val);
+            let input_buffer = device.create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
+                label: Some("Input Buffer"),
+                contents: input_bytes,
+                usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM,
+            });
+            device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
+                layout: &pipeline.get_bind_group_layout(0),
+                entries: &[
+                    // Binding 0: uniform input.
+                    wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                        binding: 0,
+                        resource: input_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
+                    },
+                    // Binding 1: storage output.
+                    wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                        binding: 1,
+                        resource: output_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
+                    },
+                ],
+                label: Some("Compute Bind Group (with input)"),
+            })
+        } else {
+            device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
+                layout: &pipeline.get_bind_group_layout(0),
+                entries: &[
+                    // Binding 0: storage output.
+                    wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                        binding: 0,
+                        resource: output_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
+                    },
+                ],
+                label: Some("Compute Bind Group (no input)"),
+            })
+        };
+
+        let mut encoder = device.create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
+            label: Some("Compute Encoder"),
+        });
+        {
+            let mut pass = encoder.begin_compute_pass(&wgpu::ComputePassDescriptor {
+                label: Some("Compute Pass"),
+                timestamp_writes: Default::default(),
+            });
+            pass.set_pipeline(&pipeline);
+            pass.set_bind_group(0, &bind_group, &[]);
+            pass.dispatch_workgroups(self.dispatch[0], self.dispatch[1], self.dispatch[2]);
+        }
+
+        // Create a staging buffer.
+        let staging_buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+            label: Some("Staging Buffer"),
+            size: self.output_bytes,
+            usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::MAP_READ | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+            mapped_at_creation: false,
+        });
+        encoder.copy_buffer_to_buffer(&output_buffer, 0, &staging_buffer, 0, self.output_bytes);
+        queue.submit(Some(encoder.finish()));
+
+        let buffer_slice = staging_buffer.slice(..);
+        let (sender, receiver) = futures::channel::oneshot::channel();
+        buffer_slice.map_async(wgpu::MapMode::Read, move |res| {
+            let _ = sender.send(res);
+        });
+        device.poll(wgpu::Maintain::Wait);
+        block_on(receiver)
+            .map_err(ComputeError::MappingCanceled)?
+            .map_err(ComputeError::MappingFailed)?;
+        let data = buffer_slice.get_mapped_range().to_vec();
+        staging_buffer.unmap();
+        Ok(data)
+    }
+
+    /// Runs the compute shader with no input.
+    pub fn run(self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ComputeError> {
+        self.run_internal::<()>(None)
+    }
+
+    /// Runs the compute shader with provided input.
+    pub fn run_with_input<I>(self, input: I) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ComputeError>
+    where
+        I: Sized + Pod,
+    {
+        self.run_internal(Some(input))
+    }
+
+    /// Runs the compute shader with no input and writes the output to a file.
+    pub fn run_test(self, config: &Config) -> Result<(), ComputeError> {
+        let output = self.run()?;
+        let mut f = File::create(&config.output_path).unwrap();
+        f.write_all(&output).unwrap();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Runs the compute shader with provided input and writes the output to a file.
+    pub fn run_test_with_input<I>(self, config: &Config, input: I) -> Result<(), ComputeError>
+    where
+        I: Sized + Pod,
+    {
+        let output = self.run_with_input(input)?;
+        let mut f = File::create(&config.output_path).unwrap();
+        f.write_all(&output).unwrap();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// For WGSL, the code checks for "shader.wgsl" then "compute.wgsl".
+impl Default for WgslComputeShader {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        let manifest_dir = env::var("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR").expect("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR not set");
+        let manifest_path = PathBuf::from(manifest_dir);
+        let shader_path = manifest_path.join("shader.wgsl");
+        let compute_path = manifest_path.join("compute.wgsl");
+
+        let (file, source) = if shader_path.exists() {
+            (
+                shader_path.clone(),
+                fs::read_to_string(&shader_path).unwrap_or_default(),
+            )
+        } else if compute_path.exists() {
+            (
+                compute_path.clone(),
+                fs::read_to_string(&compute_path).unwrap_or_default(),
+            )
+        } else {
+            panic!("No default WGSL shader found in manifest directory");
+        };
+
+        let entry_point = if source.contains("fn main_cs(") {
+            Some("main_cs".to_string())
+        } else if source.contains("fn main(") {
+            Some("main".to_string())
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        Self::new(file, entry_point)
+    }
+}
+
+/// For the SPIR-V shader, the manifest directory is used as the build path.
+impl Default for RustComputeShader {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        let manifest_dir = env::var("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR").expect("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR not set");
+        Self::new(PathBuf::from(manifest_dir))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/mod.rs b/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6ad3d09910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/lib/src/scaffold/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pub mod compute;
diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/Cargo.lock b/tests/difftests/tests/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49602e0f50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,1977 @@
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diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/Cargo.toml b/tests/difftests/tests/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34f08f9250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+[workspace]
+resolver = "2"
+members = [
+    "simple-compute/simple-compute-rust",
+    "simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl",
+]
+
+[workspace.package]
+edition = "2021"
+license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
+publish = false
+
+[workspace.lints.rust]
+unexpected_cfgs = { level = "allow", check-cfg = [
+    'cfg(target_arch, values("spirv"))'
+] }
+
+[workspace.dependencies]
+spirv-builder = { path = "../../../crates/spirv-builder", version = "=0.9.0", default-features = false }
+spirv-std = { path = "../../../crates/spirv-std", version = "=0.9.0" }
+spirv-std-types = { path = "../../../crates/spirv-std/shared", version = "=0.9.0" }
+spirv-std-macros = { path = "../../../crates/spirv-std/macros", version = "=0.9.0" }
+difftest = { path = "../../../tests/difftests/lib" }
+# External dependencies that need to be mentioned more than once.
+num-traits = { version = "0.2.15", default-features = false }
+glam = { version = ">=0.22, <=0.29", default-features = false }
+
+# Enable incremental by default in release mode.
+[profile.release]
+incremental = true
+# HACK(eddyb) this is the default but without explicitly specifying it, Cargo
+# will treat the identical settings in `[profile.release.build-override]` below
+# as different sets of `rustc` flags and will not reuse artifacts between them.
+codegen-units = 256
+
+# Compile build-dependencies in release mode with the same settings
+# as regular dependencies (including the incremental enabled above).
+[profile.release.build-override]
+opt-level = 3
+incremental = true
+codegen-units = 256
+
+# HACK(eddyb) reduce the number of linker exports and/or imports, by avoiding
+# inter-CGU linkage, to stay under the 64Ki MSVC limit for `rustc_codegen_spirv`
+# when building it in "debug mode" (only relevant to CI for now, realistically),
+# i.e. working around this issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/53014.
+[profile.dev]
+# HACK(eddyb) fewer inter-crate exports/imports (not just inter-CGU), but sadly
+# not configurable w/o breaking `Cargo.toml` parsing from non-nightly Cargo
+# (moved to `.github/workflows/ci.yaml` as `RUSTFLAGS: -Zshare-generics=off`).
+#
+# rustflags = ["-Zshare-generics=off"]
+codegen-units = 1
diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/Cargo.toml b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b619027e6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+[package]
+name = "simple-compute-rust"
+edition.workspace = true
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[lib]
+crate-type = ["dylib"]
+
+# Common deps
+[dependencies]
+
+# GPU deps
+[target.'cfg(target_arch = "spirv")'.dependencies]
+spirv-std.workspace = true
+
+# CPU deps
+[target.'cfg(not(target_arch = "spirv"))'.dependencies]
+difftest.workspace = true
diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/src/lib.rs b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a398192b92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#![cfg(target_arch = "spirv")]
+#![no_std]
+
+use spirv_std::spirv;
+
+#[spirv(compute(threads(1)))]
+pub fn main_cs(#[spirv(storage_buffer, descriptor_set = 0, binding = 0)] output: &mut [u32]) {
+    output[0] = 42;
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/src/main.rs b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a413174aca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-rust/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use difftest::config::Config;
+use difftest::scaffold::compute::{RustComputeShader, WgpuComputeTest};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+fn main() {
+    // Load the config from the harness.
+    let config = Config::from_path(std::env::args().nth(1).unwrap()).unwrap();
+
+    // Define test parameters, loading the rust shader from the current crate.
+    let test = WgpuComputeTest::new(RustComputeShader::default(), [1, 1, 1], 1024);
+
+    // Run the test and write the output to a file.
+    test.run_test(&config).unwrap();
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/Cargo.toml b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae5a79dda3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "simple-compute-wgsl"
+edition.workspace = true
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+difftest.workspace = true
diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/shader.wgsl b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/shader.wgsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8088eddf31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/shader.wgsl
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+@group(0) @binding(0)
+var<storage, read_write> output: array<u32>;
+
+@compute @workgroup_size(1)
+fn main_cs() {
+    output[0] = 42u;
+}
diff --git a/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/src/main.rs b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..163a2c99b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/difftests/tests/simple-compute/simple-compute-wgsl/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use difftest::config::Config;
+use difftest::scaffold::compute::{WgpuComputeTest, WgslComputeShader};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+fn main() {
+    // Load the config from the harness.
+    let config = Config::from_path(std::env::args().nth(1).unwrap()).unwrap();
+
+    // Define test parameters, loading the wgsl shader from the crate directory.
+    let test = WgpuComputeTest::new(WgslComputeShader::default(), [1, 1, 1], 1024);
+
+    // Run the test and write the output to a file.
+    test.run_test(&config).unwrap();
+}