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Transaction.py
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import json
import requests
from unittest import TestCase
from Crypto.Util.py3compat import BytesIO
from io import BytesIO
from AddressCoder import hash256, encode_varint, read_varint, decode_base58
from PrivateKey import PrivateKey
from Script import Script, p2pkh_script
SIGHASH_ALL = 1
SIGHASH_NONE = 2
SIGHASH_SINGLE = 3
class Transaction:
def __init__(self, version, tx_ins, tx_outs, lock_time, testnet=False):
self.version = version
self.tx_ins = tx_ins
self.tx_outs = tx_outs
self.lock_time = lock_time
self.testnet = testnet
def __repr__(self):
tx_ins = ''
for tx_in in self.tx_ins:
tx_ins += tx_in.__repr__() + '\n'
tx_outs = ''
for tx_out in self.tx_outs:
tx_outs += tx_out.__repr__() + '\n'
return 'Transaction: {}\nversion: {}\ntx_ins:\n{}tx_outs:\n{}locktime:{}'.format(
self.identifier(),
self.version,
tx_ins,
tx_outs,
self.lock_time
)
def identifier(self):
"""
Human-readable hexadecimal of the transaction.
:return:
"""
return self.hash().hex()
def hash(self):
return hash256(self.serialize())[::-1]
def serialize(self):
result = self.version.to_bytes(4, 'little')
result += encode_varint(len(self.tx_ins))
for tx_in in self.tx_ins:
result += tx_in.serialize()
result += encode_varint(len(self.tx_outs))
for tx_out in self.tx_outs:
result += tx_out.serialize()
result += self.lock_time.to_bytes(4, 'little')
return result
@classmethod
def parse(cls, s, testnet=False):
'''Takes a byte stream and parses the transaction at the start
return a Tx object
'''
version = int.from_bytes(s.read(4), 'little')
num_inputs = read_varint(s)
inputs = []
for _ in range(num_inputs):
inputs.append(TransactionInput.parse(s))
num_outputs = read_varint(s)
outputs = []
for _ in range(num_outputs):
outputs.append(TransactionOutput.parse(s))
lock_time = int.from_bytes(s.read(4), 'little')
return cls(version, inputs, outputs, lock_time, testnet)
def fee(self):
input_total = 0
for tx_in in self.tx_ins:
input_total += tx_in.value(self.testnet)
output_total = 0
for tx_out in self.tx_outs:
output_total += tx_out.amount
return input_total - output_total
def sig_hash(self, input_index, redeem_script=None):
target_stream = self.version.to_bytes(4, 'little')
target_stream += encode_varint(len(self.tx_ins))
for i, tx_in in enumerate(self.tx_ins):
if i == input_index:
if redeem_script:
script_sig = redeem_script
else:
script_sig = tx_in.script_pubkey(self.testnet)
else:
script_sig = None
target_stream += TransactionInput(
prev_tx=tx_in.prev_tx,
prev_index=tx_in.prev_index,
script_sig=script_sig,
sequence=tx_in.sequence,
).serialize()
target_stream += encode_varint(len(self.tx_outs))
for tx_out in self.tx_outs:
target_stream += tx_out.serialize()
target_stream += self.lock_time.to_bytes(4, 'little')
target_stream += SIGHASH_ALL.to_bytes(4, 'little')
h256 = hash256(target_stream)
return int.from_bytes(h256, 'big')
def verify_input(self, input_index):
tx_in = self.tx_ins[input_index]
script_pubkey = tx_in.script_pubkey(testnet=self.testnet)
if script_pubkey.is_p2sh_script_pubkey():
# the last cmd in a p2sh is the RedeemScript
cmd = tx_in.script_sig.cmds[-1]
raw_redeem = encode_varint(len(cmd)) + cmd
redeem_script = Script.parse(BytesIO(raw_redeem))
else:
redeem_script = None
tx_hash = self.sig_hash(input_index, redeem_script)
combined = tx_in.script_sig + script_pubkey
return combined.evaluate(tx_hash)
def verify(self):
if self.fee() < 0:
return False
for i in range(len(self.tx_ins)):
if not self.verify_input(i):
return False
return True
def sign_input(self, input_index, private_key):
'''Signs the input using the private key'''
z = self.sig_hash(input_index)
der = private_key.sign(z).der()
sig = der + SIGHASH_ALL.to_bytes(1, 'big')
sec_pubkey = private_key.point.sec()
script_sig = Script([sig, sec_pubkey])
self.tx_ins[input_index].script_sig = script_sig
return self.verify_input(input_index)
def is_coinbase(self):
if len(self.tx_ins) != 1:
return False
first_input = self.tx_ins[0]
if first_input.prev_tx != b'\x00' * 32:
return False
if first_input.prev_index != 0xffffffff:
return False
return True
def coinbase_height(self):
if not self.is_coinbase():
return None
first_cmd = self.tx_ins[0].script_sig.cmds[0]
return int.from_bytes(first_cmd, 'little')
class TransactionInput:
def __init__(self, prev_tx, prev_index, script_sig=None, sequence=0xffffffff):
self.prev_tx = prev_tx
self.prev_index = prev_index
if script_sig is None:
self.script_sig = Script()
else:
self.script_sig = script_sig
self.sequence = sequence
def __repr__(self):
return '{}:{}'.format(self.prev_tx.hex(), self.prev_index)
def fetch_transactions(self, testnet=False):
return TransactionFetcher.fetch(self.prev_tx.hex(), testnet)
def value(self, testnet=False):
"""
Get the output value by looking up the tx hash.
Returns the amount in satoshi.
"""
tx = self.fetch_transactions(testnet=testnet)
return tx.tx_outs[self.prev_index].amount
def script_pubkey(self, testnet=False):
tx = self.fetch_transactions(testnet=testnet)
return tx.tx_outs[self.prev_index].script_pubkey
def serialize(self):
result = self.prev_tx[::-1]
result += self.prev_index.to_bytes(4, 'little')
result += self.script_sig.serialize()
result += self.sequence.to_bytes(4, 'little')
return result
@classmethod
def parse(cls, s):
prev_tx = s.read(32)[::-1]
prev_index = int.from_bytes(s.read(4), 'little')
script_sig = Script.parse(s)
sequence = int.from_bytes(s.read(4), 'little')
return cls(prev_tx, prev_index, script_sig, sequence)
class TransactionOutput:
def __init__(self, amount, script_pubkey):
self.amount = amount
self.script_pubkey = script_pubkey
def __repr__(self):
return '{}:{}'.format(self.amount, self.script_pubkey)
@classmethod
def parse(cls, s):
amount = int.from_bytes(s.read(8), 'little')
script_pubkey = Script.parse(s)
return cls(amount, script_pubkey)
def serialize(self):
result = self.amount.to_bytes(8, 'little')
result += self.script_pubkey.serialize()
return result
class TransactionFetcher:
cache = {}
@classmethod
def get_url(cls, testnet=False):
if testnet:
return 'https://blockstream.info/testnet/api'
else:
return 'https://blockstream.info/api'
@classmethod
def fetch(cls, tx_id, testnet=False, fresh=False):
if fresh or (tx_id not in cls.cache):
url = '{}/tx/{}/hex'.format(cls.get_url(testnet), tx_id)
response = requests.get(url)
try:
raw = bytes.fromhex(response.text.strip())
except ValueError:
raise ValueError('unexpected response: {}'.format(response.text))
# make sure the tx we got matches to the hash we requested
if raw[4] == 0:
raw = raw[:4] + raw[6:]
tx = Transaction.parse(BytesIO(raw), testnet=testnet)
tx.lock_time = int.from_bytes(raw[-4:], 'little')
else:
tx = Transaction.parse(BytesIO(raw), testnet=testnet)
if tx.identifier() != tx_id:
raise ValueError('not the same id: {} vs {}'.format(tx.identifier(), tx_id))
cls.cache[tx_id] = tx
cls.cache[tx_id].testnet = testnet
return cls.cache[tx_id]
@classmethod
def load_cache(cls, filename):
cache_file = open(filename, 'r')
disk_cache = json.loads(cache_file.read())
for k, raw_hex in disk_cache.items():
raw = bytes.fromhex(raw_hex)
if raw[4] == 0:
raw = raw[:4] + raw[6:]
tx = Transaction.parse(BytesIO(raw))
tx.lock_time = int.from_bytes(raw[-4:], 'little')
else:
tx = Transaction.parse(BytesIO(raw))
cls.cache[k] = tx
cache_file.close()
@classmethod
def dump_cache(cls, filename):
with open(filename, 'w') as f:
to_dump = {k: tx.serialize().hex() for k, tx in cls.cache.items()}
s = json.dumps(to_dump, sort_keys=True, indent=4)
f.write(s)
class TransactionTest(TestCase):
cache_file = 'transaction.cache'
@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
# fill with cache so we don't have to be online to run these tests
TransactionFetcher.load_cache(cls.cache_file)
def test_repr(self):
tx = Transaction(version=1, tx_ins=[], tx_outs=[], lock_time=0, testnet=False)
print(tx)
def test_varint(self):
self.assertEqual(encode_varint(252), b'\xfc')
self.assertEqual(read_varint(BytesIO(b'\xfc')), 252)
self.assertEqual(encode_varint(255), b'\xfd\xff\x00')
self.assertEqual(read_varint(BytesIO(b'\xfd\xff\x00')), 255)
self.assertEqual(encode_varint(70015), b'\xfe\x7f\x11\x01\x00')
self.assertEqual(read_varint(BytesIO(b'\xfe\x7f\x11\x01\x00')), 70015)
self.assertEqual(encode_varint(18005558675309), b'\xff\x6d\xc7\xed\x3e\x60\x10\x00\x00')
self.assertEqual(read_varint(BytesIO(b'\xff\x6d\xc7\xed\x3e\x60\x10\x00\x00')), 18005558675309)
def test_parse_version(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('0100000001813f79011acb80925dfe69b3def355fe914bd1d96a3f5f71bf8303c6a989c7d1000000006b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278afeffffff02a135ef01000000001976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac99c39800000000001976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac19430600')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(tx.version, 1)
def test_parse_inputs(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('0100000001813f79011acb80925dfe69b3def355fe914bd1d96a3f5f71bf8303c6a989c7d1000000006b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278afeffffff02a135ef01000000001976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac99c39800000000001976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac19430600')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(len(tx.tx_ins), 1)
want = bytes.fromhex('d1c789a9c60383bf715f3f6ad9d14b91fe55f3deb369fe5d9280cb1a01793f81')
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_ins[0].prev_tx, want)
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_ins[0].prev_index, 0)
want = bytes.fromhex('6b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278a')
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_ins[0].script_sig.serialize(), want)
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_ins[0].sequence, 0xfffffffe)
def test_parse_outputs(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('0100000001813f79011acb80925dfe69b3def355fe914bd1d96a3f5f71bf8303c6a989c7d1000000006b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278afeffffff02a135ef01000000001976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac99c39800000000001976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac19430600')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(len(tx.tx_outs), 2)
want = 32454049
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_outs[0].amount, want)
want = bytes.fromhex('1976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac')
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_outs[0].script_pubkey.serialize(), want)
want = 10011545
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_outs[1].amount, want)
want = bytes.fromhex('1976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac')
self.assertEqual(tx.tx_outs[1].script_pubkey.serialize(), want)
def test_parse_locktime(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('0100000001813f79011acb80925dfe69b3def355fe914bd1d96a3f5f71bf8303c6a989c7d1000000006b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278afeffffff02a135ef01000000001976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac99c39800000000001976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac19430600')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(tx.lock_time, 410393)
def test_fee(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('0100000001813f79011acb80925dfe69b3def355fe914bd1d96a3f5f71bf8303c6a989c7d1000000006b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278afeffffff02a135ef01000000001976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac99c39800000000001976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac19430600')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(tx.fee(), 40000)
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('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')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(tx.fee(), 140500)
def test_serialize(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('0100000001813f79011acb80925dfe69b3def355fe914bd1d96a3f5f71bf8303c6a989c7d1000000006b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278afeffffff02a135ef01000000001976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac99c39800000000001976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac19430600')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(tx.serialize(), raw_tx)
def test_input_value(self):
tx_hash = 'd1c789a9c60383bf715f3f6ad9d14b91fe55f3deb369fe5d9280cb1a01793f81'
index = 0
want = 42505594
tx_in = TransactionInput(bytes.fromhex(tx_hash), index)
self.assertEqual(tx_in.value(), want)
def test_input_pubkey(self):
tx_hash = 'd1c789a9c60383bf715f3f6ad9d14b91fe55f3deb369fe5d9280cb1a01793f81'
index = 0
tx_in = TransactionInput(bytes.fromhex(tx_hash), index)
want = bytes.fromhex('1976a914a802fc56c704ce87c42d7c92eb75e7896bdc41ae88ac')
self.assertEqual(tx_in.script_pubkey().serialize(), want)
def test_sig_hash(self):
tx = TransactionFetcher.fetch('452c629d67e41baec3ac6f04fe744b4b9617f8f859c63b3002f8684e7a4fee03')
want = int('27e0c5994dec7824e56dec6b2fcb342eb7cdb0d0957c2fce9882f715e85d81a6', 16)
self.assertEqual(tx.sig_hash(0), want)
def test_verify_p2pkh(self):
tx = TransactionFetcher.fetch('452c629d67e41baec3ac6f04fe744b4b9617f8f859c63b3002f8684e7a4fee03')
self.assertTrue(tx.verify())
tx = TransactionFetcher.fetch('5418099cc755cb9dd3ebc6cf1a7888ad53a1a3beb5a025bce89eb1bf7f1650a2', testnet=True)
self.assertTrue(tx.verify())
def test_verify_p2sh(self):
tx = TransactionFetcher.fetch('46df1a9484d0a81d03ce0ee543ab6e1a23ed06175c104a178268fad381216c2b')
self.assertTrue(tx.verify())
def test_sign_input(self):
private_key = PrivateKey(secret=8675309)
stream = BytesIO(bytes.fromhex('010000000199a24308080ab26e6fb65c4eccfadf76749bb5bfa8cb08f291320b3c21e56f0d0d00000000ffffffff02408af701000000001976a914d52ad7ca9b3d096a38e752c2018e6fbc40cdf26f88ac80969800000000001976a914507b27411ccf7f16f10297de6cef3f291623eddf88ac00000000'))
tx_obj = Transaction.parse(stream, testnet=True)
self.assertTrue(tx_obj.sign_input(0, private_key))
want = '010000000199a24308080ab26e6fb65c4eccfadf76749bb5bfa8cb08f291320b3c21e56f0d0d0000006b4830450221008ed46aa2cf12d6d81065bfabe903670165b538f65ee9a3385e6327d80c66d3b502203124f804410527497329ec4715e18558082d489b218677bd029e7fa306a72236012103935581e52c354cd2f484fe8ed83af7a3097005b2f9c60bff71d35bd795f54b67ffffffff02408af701000000001976a914d52ad7ca9b3d096a38e752c2018e6fbc40cdf26f88ac80969800000000001976a914507b27411ccf7f16f10297de6cef3f291623eddf88ac00000000'
self.assertEqual(tx_obj.serialize().hex(), want)
def test_create_transaction(self):
secret = int.from_bytes(hash256(b'mimoserock test bitcoin private key 2024.11.15'), 'little')
private_key = PrivateKey(secret=secret)
print(private_key.point.address(testnet=True))
prev_tx = bytes.fromhex('4c571c3aafabb4b0fd32777eda0ab26fb65511b863f2a047adfb6f08ecbda41c')
tx_in = TransactionInput(prev_tx, 0)
target_h160 = decode_base58('mnrVtF8DWjMu839VW3rBfgYaAfKk8983Xf')
target_script = p2pkh_script(target_h160)
target_output = TransactionOutput(amount=int(0.0005*100000000), script_pubkey=target_script)
change_h160 = decode_base58('mjZn9oxXYtcLsWEuZrxVgJ3RCJJthg2k4A')
change_script = p2pkh_script(change_h160)
change_output = TransactionOutput(amount=int(0.00003587*100000000), script_pubkey=change_script)
tx_obj = Transaction(1, [tx_in], [change_output, target_output], 0, True)
tx_obj.sign_input(0, private_key)
print(tx_obj.serialize().hex())
def test_is_coinbase(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff5e03d71b07254d696e656420627920416e74506f6f6c20626a31312f4542312f4144362f43205914293101fabe6d6d678e2c8c34afc36896e7d9402824ed38e856676ee94bfdb0c6c4bcd8b2e5666a0400000000000000c7270000a5e00e00ffffffff01faf20b58000000001976a914338c84849423992471bffb1a54a8d9b1d69dc28a88ac00000000')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertTrue(tx.is_coinbase())
def test_coinbase_height(self):
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff5e03d71b07254d696e656420627920416e74506f6f6c20626a31312f4542312f4144362f43205914293101fabe6d6d678e2c8c34afc36896e7d9402824ed38e856676ee94bfdb0c6c4bcd8b2e5666a0400000000000000c7270000a5e00e00ffffffff01faf20b58000000001976a914338c84849423992471bffb1a54a8d9b1d69dc28a88ac00000000')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertEqual(tx.coinbase_height(), 465879)
raw_tx = bytes.fromhex('0100000001813f79011acb80925dfe69b3def355fe914bd1d96a3f5f71bf8303c6a989c7d1000000006b483045022100ed81ff192e75a3fd2304004dcadb746fa5e24c5031ccfcf21320b0277457c98f02207a986d955c6e0cb35d446a89d3f56100f4d7f67801c31967743a9c8e10615bed01210349fc4e631e3624a545de3f89f5d8684c7b8138bd94bdd531d2e213bf016b278afeffffff02a135ef01000000001976a914bc3b654dca7e56b04dca18f2566cdaf02e8d9ada88ac99c39800000000001976a9141c4bc762dd5423e332166702cb75f40df79fea1288ac19430600')
stream = BytesIO(raw_tx)
tx = Transaction.parse(stream)
self.assertIsNone(tx.coinbase_height())